Wilkowice (Postomino)

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Wilhelmine, Kr. Schlawe. Postcard from the early 20th century. Grocery store; School with village street; Seesaw.

Wilkowice (German Wilhelmine ) is a village in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . It belongs to the rural municipality Postomino ( Pustamin ) in district Sławno ( Slawno ).

Geographical location

The farming village of Wilkowice is two kilometers west of Staniewice ( Stemnitz ), a place on the connecting road from Sławno ( Schlawe ) to Postomino ( Pustamin ). It is 13 kilometers to the district town of Sławno and 18 and 20 kilometers to the Baltic towns of Ustka ( Stolpmünde ) and Darłowo ( Rügenwalde ).

A train station has not existed since 1945, after the later Schlawe – Stolpmünde Reichsbahn line , built in 1911, with its Stemnitz train station (located 1 kilometer from Wilhelmine) was dismantled.

Wilkowice is located on the Wipper ( Wieprza ) in a flat landscape created by forest clearing at an altitude of about 25 meters. Neighboring places are: in the north Pieńkówko ( Neu Pennekow ), in the east Staniewice ( Stemnitz ), in the south Tokary ( Deutschrode ) and Radosław ( Coccejendorf ) and in the west Mazów ( Meitzow ).

Place name

The village was given the German name "Wilhelmine" after the favorite sister of the Prussian King Frederick the Great : Wilhelmine of Prussia .

history

On November 22, 1273, Bishop Hermann von Gleichen from Cammin enfeoffed the Order of St. John in Schlawe with several villages, including Willekini villa , in which the researchers recognized the desert west of Stemnitz on which the Wilhelmine settlement was built.

The initiative for this settlement came from Frederick the Great in 1749 , who found what was then Pomerania to be far too sparsely populated and - like in neighboring Coccejendorf (Radosław) - settlers from the Palatinate who lived in their homeland a. a. had no chance for religious reasons, offered the opportunity to start over here. Eight families from the area around Zweibrücken took advantage of this offer and built their first huts in the so-called Hüttenklamm (a gorge as high as a house behind the gardens of the lower village through which a small stream flows) in the slopes. The clay was fetched from the loam (today it is a larger village pond) and the first half-timbered houses were built . The Palatinate dialect was preserved until 1945, because two Wilhelminians always spoke Wilhelminian to each other. The new settlement was assigned to the Rügenwalder Office.

In 1818 there were 237 inhabitants in Wilhelmine, in 1871 there were 398, and in 1939 355. Until 1945 the village belonged to the Alt Schlawe (Sławsko) office, the Stemnitz registry office (Staniewice) and the Schlawe district court in the Schlawe i district. Pom. in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania .

On March 7, 1945, Red Army troops from Meitzow (Mazów) occupied the village, where numerous refugees from East Prussia had already found shelter. On November 6, 1945, around four o'clock, the village had to be evacuated within ten minutes. The people were driven on foot to Schlawe, from where they were transported in freight wagons without water or even food to the barn (today's Gumieńce district of Stettin ). Wilhelmine is now a Polish village with the name Wilkowice and a district of Gmina Postomino in the Powiat Sławieński of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (until 1998 Stolp Voivodeship ).

Local division until 1945

Before 1945 there was only one place to live in the Wilhelmine community:

  • Coccejendorf (forester's house) , forestry department of the former Alt Krakow State Forestry Office , formerly a brickworks, 1 kilometer south of the village.

church

Before 1945, the Wilhelminian population was predominantly of Protestant denomination. As it came from the Palatinate Reformed tradition, the court preacher of the Stolp Castle Church came once or twice a year to celebrate the Lord's Supper in the church in Stemnitz, which is part of the Lutheran tradition. After the union was formed in 1817, the eight families in Wilhelmin were assigned to the Stemnitz parish , which was a branch church in the Alt Schlawe parish . That belonged to the church district Schlawe of the church province Pomerania in the church of the Old Prussian Union . The last German clergyman was Pastor Paul Hollatz , who was shot by Russians in 1945 .

Since 1945 the Roman Catholic denomination has predominated in Wilkowice . The place of church for the population is still Staniewice , which - as before 1945 - belongs to the (now Catholic) parish of Sławsko. It is located in the Sławno deanery in the Köslin-Kolberg diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here are integrated into the Słupsk parish in the Pomeranian-Greater Poland diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

school

Until 1945 there was a single-class elementary school in Wilhelmine, where over 40 children were taught. The last two German headmasters were the teachers Mahnke and Christoffer .

literature

  • The Schlawe district. A Pomeranian Heimatbuch , ed. by Manfred Vollack, 2 volumes, Husum, 1988/1989
  • Chr. Splittgerber, In the footsteps of old Fritz , in: Bote vom Pommernstrand. Sunday paper of the Rügenwalde Synod , 1911, 17-18

Web links