Wolpmann's house
The Wolpmann'sche Haus at Königstrasse No. 81 in Lübeck is the most magnificent Rococo house in Lübeck and a listed building.
history
The property was first mentioned in a document in 1289 and was owned by the Segeberg patrician family from 1392 to 1496. In the following 140 years the house changed hands several times. In 1634 the Syndicus Benedikt Winkler bought it , he, his son, the later mayor of Lübeck Anton Winckler , and his descendants lived in the house for more than a century.
The year 1768 , chiseled in the keystone of the portal of the rear building, is the year in which the merchant Johann Christian Blohm bought the property from the widowed privy councilor Sophia Carolina Winckler , nee. v. Friesendorf, in order to carry out the new building on it. It was probably for this purpose that he took out a mortgage of 9,000 Lüb the following year . Courantmark by the elders of the Novgorod drivers . According to a tradition of the house that is consistent with the other facts , the building was finished in 1773, which was not, as in so many cases, a conversion, but in fact a completely new building.
The merchant Nikolaus Herrmann Müller bought it in 1811 from Johann Christian Blohm , the son of the same name of the builder of the present house who died in 1806 . After his death in 1842 it was sold to the highest bidder for 17,005 Courantmark in Schütting to Joh. Christ. Wilh. Rothe, the owner of the former mill next to the Johanniskloster , who moved into it the following year and founded the company with his son-in-law Johann Andreas Wolpmann . His sons, Emil and Carl Heinrich , grew up here. In 1876 his eldest son bought it.
In 1919 the house became the property of OHG JA Wolpmann . The partner in the open trading company , Friedrich Kuchenbrandt , lived in 1924 on the floor above the ground floor, which was used for business purposes, and became the owner of the house in 1936. After Otto Hermann Hoffmann bought the house in 1954, he sold it four years later to the pharmacist Hans Venzlaff , who set up the Kronen pharmacy on the ground floor on the left .
The pharmacy was given up in 2009, as was the medical practice in the former stable in the following year .
Building description
In the early 1920s, two gables from roughly the same time were brought back to their old beauty. However, the facade of Wolpmann's house is more splendid than that of the former Ernst Robert music store at Breite Straße 29 .
The facade of the Wolpman House , completed in 1773, is the richer of the two and still has the advantage that the neighboring houses (No. 79, 83 and 85) with their simple, restrained design are subordinate to it and thus increase their impact on the street scene. The preservation of the old ground floor later fell victim to changes brought about by shops. Two upper floors rise above the rustication of the latter, flanked by pilaster strips with plastered fillings and separated by strong cornices . The center of the facade is slightly projected and emphasized in an unusually rich design for Lübeck : Above the portal a balcony with wrought-iron grille resting on an eagle and consoles , the cornice above the balcony door with a gable-shaped roof and a heraldic cartouche in which the ship is now of the Wolpmann coat of arms is painted on, interrupted, the side pilasters and the keystones adorned with rococo ornaments. At the end of the facade above a gallery there is a gable composed in a moving outline with dragons resting on the side digressions . The pediments and corner posts of the gallery are crowned with vases . The decorative shapes, cornices and frames as well as the entire central projectile consist of Weser sandstone (the so-called Bremen stone ), the rest is plastered. During the repair, it was sufficient to barricade the parts of the house and replace the plaster . The original overall effect of the facade is completed by the fact that the plastered surfaces are kept in an ocher tone, from which the light sandstone parts and frames stand out.
The facade of Wolpmann's house in Lübeck is the most perfect and at the same time probably the latest example of a rococo facade; a few years later, the braided facade of the house of the circle company , Königsstrasse 21 , which is already bare compared to that one , leads to classicism , which found its way into Lübeck with the Behnhaus (1779–1783).
Fortunately, the Wolpmann'sche Haus as well as the already mentioned neighboring houses No. 79, 83 and 85, which form a group with it , escaped the building line at the time to widen Königstraße . The other houses were moved back into the new escape route or, as happened between Johannis and Hundestrasse , rebuilt onto them.
The interior of the house, which was repaired in 1919 after being used for military purposes during the First World War, also dates from the construction time of the facade . The interior design of the rooms is almost completely preserved. The hall , which is now separated from the entrance hall by a new glass door , on which the increasingly rare wall cupboards are still located, is already divided at ground level in contrast to the older systems with a mezzanine and also to the two-story hall of the Behnhaus. Of the two front rooms next to the central entrance there was a stucco ceiling in the right one , which showed the emblems of the four seasons in graceful rococo cartouches and in the middle putti with a fruit basket floating in clouds . One of the most beautiful hall staircases in Lübeck leads upwards in a three-armed run above the kitchen, which was previously installed on the right. A bearded aquarius and a mermaid , carved in the full circle, lie next to the steps on the low steps of the railing, the hand rails of which merge into the fish tails of these figures . The upper floor of the hallway, decorated with Rococo stucco, opens up after the stairs. The stucco work shows fantasy landscapes in the chinoiserie style above the doors .
The narrow balcony room above the entrance is a special feature of this upper floor . It is covered in a wooden barrel vault painted as a starry sky , and the walls are covered with wooden paneling, which is structured by wide pilasters and decorated with partly carved and partly stuccoed vases, rose hangings and emblems of hunting , fishing and music . The execution in strong relief , partly in a tart naturalistic full round, as well as the already rather stiff stylization in contrast to the stucco, which still shows all the freshness and grace of the Rococo and also the pilaster structure, let the fluted door posts and the ceiling formation already as classical ( Louis XVI. ) Appear. This interior design will therefore not have been installed until some time after the house was completed, around the 1780s. The multiple damage to the decorations, some of which were carved and some in stucco, were discreetly balanced during the repair work after the First World War . According to the tradition of the Wolpmann family, the builder once intended to equip the other main rooms on the first floor in this way, but had to forego it for the sake of costs.
In contrast, the ground floor hall of the wing attached to the right-hand side of the courtyard , which was later set up as an office , still shows the rest of the corresponding Rococo stucco on the ceiling and the two oven niches. Instead of the dark green paintwork that existed in the 20th century and was unsuitable at the time, this room once had wallpaper with chinoiseries .
At this hall narrows located with back garden room, and behind this garden forms with a gable provided stable block the conclusion of the whole land . From the year 1768 in the keystone of the arched portal, we learn that this rear building was built a few years earlier than the front building. Behind this portal, a garden room is built into what used to be the stable room, as such garden pavilions were popular in Lübeck under the name “portal”.
According to an entry in the Upper Town Book from the beginning of the 19th century, this rear building originally contained stables for four horses. The garden is already mentioned as a pleasure garden , and when the family moved from the upper floor to the ground floor rooms in summer, as was still the case when the Wolpmann family lived in the house, they must stay in this quiet corner of the garden or in the back room of the wing, remote from the traffic, with the door open to the garden, a particularly pleasant one.
The entire building has been a listed building since 1966. The ground floor received new shop windows in 1979 (left) and 1984 (right).
References
literature
- Hartwig Beseler (ed.): Art-Topography Schleswig-Holstein. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982, ISBN 3-529-02627-1 , p. 142.
- Klaus J. Groth: World Heritage Lübeck. Listed houses. Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 1999, ISBN 3-7950-1231-7 , p. 311f.
swell
- Two restored Rococo facades. In: Father-city sheets. No. 4, edition of January 20, 1924.
- Two restored Rococo facades. In: Father-city sheets. No. 5, edition of January 27, 1924.
Web links
Archives
- City archive of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
Individual evidence
- ↑ Two restored Rococo facades. In: Father-city sheets. No. 4, edition of January 20, 1924.
- ↑ Groth: World Heritage Lübeck. 1999, p. 311f.
- ↑ History of building and architecture, urban development in Lübeck, AK 11 Königstraße 60 to 81 , p. 15 (pdf accessed on October 8, 2013; 157 kB)
- ↑ Groth: World Heritage Lübeck. 1999, p. 312.
Coordinates: 53 ° 51 ′ 57.1 ″ N , 10 ° 41 ′ 13.3 ″ E