Candle palm lily

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Candle palm lily
Candle palm lily (Yucca gloriosa): In cultivation, flowers in October.

Candle palm lily ( Yucca gloriosa ):
In cultivation, flowers in October.

Systematics
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily : Agave family (Agavoideae)
Genre : Palm lilies ( yucca )
Type : Candle palm lily
Scientific name
Yucca gloriosa
L.

The candle palm lily ( Yucca gloriosa ) (English common names : "Moundlily Yucca", "Soft-tipped Yucca", "Spanish Bayonet", "Sea Islands Yucca") is a species of plant from the genus Yucca in the family of the North America Asparagus family (Asparagaceae).

description

Yucca gloriosa is a woody, perennial plant . It often grows for many years without a stem with a basal leaf rosette before it forms a stem that usually raises the leaf rosette to about 2 m above the ground. Old plants branch out and form clumps from several rosettes of leaves. It reaches heights of 0.5 to 2.5 meters. Yucca gloriosa is relatively slow-growing. The tough, sword-shaped, parallel- veined leaves are about 0.3 to 0.5 m long and 2 to 3.5 cm wide. They are usually blue-green to gray-green and smooth-edged to slightly toothed. The leaves end in sharp tips. Often the leaves stick out stiffly; they often bend about in the middle and hang down a little outwards.

The flowering time falls in autumn. The panicle inflorescence is about 0.5 to 1.4 m high. The bell-shaped, pendulous, fragrant flowers are about 2 to 3.5 cm in diameter. The six identical, white, creamy white to greenish bracts are 2 to 2.5 cm long and wide and are spherical to bell-shaped together. The six stamens have filaments about 0.6 cm long . The light green pistil is about 1 cm long. The flowers rely on certain types of yuccamot for pollination . In order to ensure fruit set in cultivated plants, hand pollination is therefore recommended. The leathery, berry-like , obovate fruits have six ribs, are 5 to 8 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. The thickened, black seeds are 5 to 10 mm in diameter.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 60, less often 54.

Location requirements

Yucca gloriosa is sensitive to moisture and therefore partially hardy. Adapted, established 25-year-old specimens are hardy in Central Europe, Germany, Mannheim. In dry conditions in the winter months, temperatures below - 15 ° C can be withstood. However, the plants are not recommended for areas with high rainfall. However, cultivated forms are hardy.

Distribution area
Yucca gloriosa fh 1183.14 Georgia, details.
Yucca gloriosa fh 1184.1 in Georgia in light woodland.

Occurrence

The home of the Yucca gloriosa is in the southeastern United States . Their original range extends over the US states of Georgia , North Carolina , South Carolina and Florida . This species is wild in some countries.

It grows in the sand dunes and on the beach as well as in woodlands. It is often associated with Yucca aloifolia , Yucca filamentosa and various Opuntia species.

use

The Yucca gloriosa is cultivated outdoors as an ornamental plant, but is also used as a pot plant in Central Europe .

The fruits are eaten raw or cooked. Young inflorescences are prepared like asparagus .

The roots containing saponins are eaten cooked. The roots can be used as a soap substitute due to their saponins.

The fibers extracted from the leaves are used to make clothes, ropes, mats and baskets. Medical use is also known.

Systematics

The first description by the Swedish botanist Carl von Linné was published in 1753.

This species is classified within the genus Yucca in the Yucca section of the same name ; earlier it was placed in the Sarcocarpa section. Within the Yucca section , the species is again placed in the Gloriosae series .

Synonyms

  • classified as Yucca gloriosa acuminata by Carriere in 1868
  • as Baker 1870 Yucca gloriosa recurvata classified
  • as of Carriere 1880 Yucca gloriosa medio-picta classified

The trunk-forming species reaches a height of 0.5 to 2.5 meters. In contrast to Yucca recurvifolia , the leaves of Yucca gloriosa are hard, stiff and narrower. The late flowering period in autumn is typical. Whereas Yucca recurvifolia blooms in spring. In Europe there are many different forms of culture that are hardy.

photos

  • inflorescence

  • Close up of a single flower

  • Hardy in Central Europe

  • Yucca gloriosa 'medio-picta', young plant

  • Yucca gloriosa 'marginata', 20 year old specimen

  • Yucca gloriosa 'medio-picta' leaves 30 cm long

  • Made from yucca leaves

  • Yucca gloriosa . The picture was taken at the end of July in southern Bavaria

literature

Yucca gloriosa . In: Fritz Hochstätter (Ed.): Yucca (Agavaceae). Volume 2 Indehiscent-fruited species in the Southwest, Midwest and East of the USA . Selbstverlag, 2002, pp. 35–38, pp. 306–307, image material p. 134, p. 177, pp. 189–190, p. 202, pp. 204–205. ISBN 3-00-009008-8

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See archived copy ( memento of the original dated November 18, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / amos.indiana.edu
  2. ^ Tropicos. [1]
  3. ↑ https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Yucca+gloriosa
  4. ↑ Carl von Linne: Species Plantarum . 1st edition, Stockholm 1753, Volume 1, p. 319
  5. ↑ Original of the first description
  6. ^ F. Hochstätter: Succulenta . 81 (2) 2002: 90.91
  7. ↑ In S. Watson. Botany King Report. 5: 496.1871.
  8. ↑ Through Engelmann.
  9. ↑ F. Hochstätter: Succulenta . 81 (2): 89, 2002
  10. ^ Rev. Hort. 157. 1868
  11. ↑ Gard. Chron. 1184. 1870
  12. ↑ Rev. Hort 259. 1880

Web links

Commons : Candle Palm Lily ( Yucca gloriosa )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files