United Reiger colliery
| United Reiger colliery | |||
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| General information about the mine | |||
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| other names | Reiger colliery Reigger colliery Beiger colliery Keiger colliery Reyer colliery Reige colliery Reiger-Stolln colliery |
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| Mining technology | Underground mining | ||
| Funding / year | up to 3652 t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1739 | ||
| End of operation | 1847 | ||
| Successor use | Colliery good luck | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 25 '8.1 " N , 7 ° 18' 9.4" E | ||
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| Location | Hardenstein | ||
| local community | Witten | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Ennepe-Ruhr district | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The United Reiger colliery in Witten -Hardenstein is a former hard coal mine . The mine was one of the first collieries in the Hardenstein Valley. It was also known under the names Zeche Reiger , Zeche Reigger , Zeche Beiger , Zeche Keiger , Zeche Reyer , Zeche Reigel and Zeche Reiger-Stolln . The mine was on the opposite wing of the Carthäuserloch colliery .
history
The beginnings
In the Reiger field, even before the mine started operating, the farmers living nearby extracted coal for their own needs by means of coal graves . On November 10, 1695, two length fields were awarded . The trades Gerhard Mittelste Berghaus, Henrich Oberste Berghaus and Luther Henrich Stölting were enfeoffed. A coal bank, which was located on Sunder Knap in the Hardenstein area, was lent. Each of the three trades received a third share of the mine ownership. As a result, the mining rights were now owned by the two farming families. Shortly after the award , these two fields consolidated into the United Reiger mine. The United Reiger colliery was in operation from 1739. On July 9 of that year, the consolidated field more were Maaßen meted out. This was an open field that bordered the private property of the Niederste Berghaus family. In 1754 the mine was closed in time limits . The reason for the deadline was the mine’s lack of sales. The mine was back in operation in 1755. From 1758 onwards, the Hardenstein castle ruins were mined about 200 meters south . The mine was measured in 1759 .
First problems
In April 1763 the mine was examined by the responsible mining authority . The reason for this investigation were inconsistencies in the billing. The shift supervisor responsible for the mine Siepmann had indicated a lower production for March than was indicated on the kerbholz . In 1770 a settlement was made between the Reiger union and the Wesselbank union . Since both mines were active on the same seam , it was agreed that the affected field would be divided accordingly according to the survey from 1739. The Wesselbank colliery kept the north wing and in return gave Reiger a measure of the south wing in an easterly direction. The hollow line should be the medullary sheath between the two pit fields . The cost of the settlement was shared among the unions. On February 26, 1771, the trades Johann Röttger Mittelste Berghaus, Melchior Jürgen Mittelste Berghaus, Diedrich Henrich Rahmann, Diedrich Henrich Schmidt, Konrad Oberste Berghaus and his son Friedrich Oberste Berghaus were registered in the records of the Mining Authority. The trades had a different number of kuxes . The legal fees had been paid by then.
The other years
In 1775 the mine was mentioned in the documents. In 1783, the tunnel was already 400 meters in an easterly direction ascended . From 1784 the mine was back in operation. The mining area was mined at that same time to the second slot. On June 29 of that year, the mine was by the head of the Mark Berg Revieres, the Baron von Stein , navigate . At that time, the lower-class foreman Schöneberg was working as a cutter and supervisor at the mine. The United Reiger colliery was one of 63 mines that vom Stein used on its journey through the Brandenburg mountain area. Vom Stein gave information about the condition of the mine in his protocol. In particular, he criticized the fact that the lower-class master Schöneberg also worked with the thought and gave the trades the order to only use Schöneberg as a supervisor. Vom Stein drove into the mine again on January 13 of the following year and made further suggestions as to how the production in the tunnel could be improved. That same year, along with the bill Wesel Bank of tonnlägige bay 3 drilled . The shaft was between the two courts of Niederste Berghaus and Mittelstenahe Berghaus recognized . The coal mined was conveyed through the shaft . 3 conveyor bins served as conveying vessels in the shaft . Over the course of the day , the coal was transported to the Ruhr by carts . For this transport there was a sliding path made of boards that led past the Niederste Berghaus farm and ended at the coal defeat. From the coal defeat, the coal was transported by ship to Duisburg-Ruhrort.
From 1788, annual supply contracts were concluded with the businessman Conrad Lohmann from Ruhrort. These contracts included the sorting of the coal at the coal defeat and the transport over the Ruhr. Around 1790, the demand for coal from United Reiger had risen sharply, so that three coals were now conveyed daily in two shifts over the shaft. On October 6, 1793 , a pastor ordained 100 miners from the Reiger colliery. In 1794 the supply contracts with the businessman Lohmann expired. In 1803 was started by the colliery Reiger, together with the mines Carthäuserloch , United Reiger, Morgenstern into the East , Morgenstern into the West and Wesel Bank, the Association tunnel excavate . In 1805 a part of the mined coal was in the shaft Falke promoted , the other part was on the association studs promoted . Due to the cumbersome transport over the Ruhr, the increased demand for coal could often not be met and so there were often delivery bottlenecks. This made customers angry. In 1804, for example, the businessman Franz Haniel complained that 1/4 of the promised tonnage had not been delivered to him. In 1810, the Falke shaft was in operation. In 1815 a coal towing railway was built. This siding had a length of 80 laughs and reached as far as the coal magazine on the Ruhr . In 1819 a jointly used colliery building was built for the four mines Carthäuserloch, Weselbank, Morgenstern nach Osten and Vereinigte Reiger.
The last few years
Since the pit water from mining was diverted, the groundwater level also fell as a result of the mining. Particularly with increased mining, this led to the wells drying up at the height near Altenhöfen. In response to a complaint from a farmer, the mining authorities granted him compensation in 1824, which Reiger's trades had to pay. From 1825, the United Reiger colliery was also producing coke . In 1830 the unification tunnel was mined. In 1832 the mine was closed. In the period from 1835 to 1844 the mine was within deadlines. Around the year 1840, the United Reiger colliery consolidated into the Carthäuserloch colliery. In November 1844 the United Reiger colliery was put back into operation. Outline work was carried out in the unification tunnel . From the year 1845 was below the lug sole of civil engineering Prepared . In 1847 a cut was made below the bottom of the tunnel. Shortly afterwards, the United Reiger colliery was shut down again. In the years 1884 and 1885 the length fields of the Reiger colliery were re-awarded under the name Gut Glück . Both fields had fallen into the mountain-free and were thus free for another award.
Promotion and workforce
The first workforce dates from 1755, there were five miners on the mine. The first funding figures are from 1796, there was a grant of 50,022 Ringel coal provided. In 1816, 41,658 Ringel coal was extracted. In 1830, 1916 tons of hard coal were extracted. In 1832, 3652 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1834, 8,584 bushels of hard coal were mined. In 1845 11,303 bushels of hard coal were extracted and the number of employees fluctuated between one and seven miners. The last known production and workforce figures for the mine date back to 1847, with two to thirteen miners producing 50,701 bushels of hard coal.
Current condition
The tunnel mouth hole from the former mine is still preserved today. The former tunnel is now part of the Muttental mining trail .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning until 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum. 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Gerhard Koetter (Hrsg.): Mining in the Muttental. 1st edition. Self-published, Witten 2001, ISBN 3-00-008659-5 .
- ↑ a b Kurt Pfläging: Stein's journey through coal mining on the Ruhr. 1st edition. Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-529-2 .
- ↑ a b c d Thomas Schilp (ed.), Wilfried Reininghaus, Joachim Huske: Das Muth-, Verleih-, and confirmation book 1770–1773. A source on the early history of the Ruhr mining industry. Wittmaack Verlag, Dortmund 1993, ISBN 3-9802117-9-7 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Gerhard Koetter (ed.): From seams, tunnels and shafts in the Muttental. 1st edition. Klartext Verlag, Essen 2007, ISBN 978-3-89861-612-6 .
Web links
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche Reiger / Vereinigte Reiger (accessed on February 11, 2013)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed on February 11, 2013)
- Early mining in the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed on February 11, 2013)
Remarks
- ↑ Gerhard Mittelste Berghaus was the grandfather of the later trade, Johann Röttger Mittelste Berghaus. (Source: Thomas Schilp: Das Muth-, Verleih-, and Confirmation Book 1770–1773. )
- ↑ The term coal bank is the name for the coal-bearing part of a coal seam . (Source: Carl Friedrich Alexander Hartmann: Vademecum for the practical miner. )