Waldhof-Aschaffenburg paper mills
Waldhof-Aschaffenburg paper mills | |
---|---|
legal form | Corporation |
founding | 1970 |
resolution | 1995 |
Reason for dissolution | Takeover by SCA |
Seat | Raubling |
Number of employees | 10,000 (1986) |
sales | 1.5 billion DM (1986) |
Branch | Pulp and paper |
The Waldhof-Aschaffenburg paper mills ( PWA ) emerged in 1970 from the merger of Aschaffenburger Zellstoffwerke AG and the Waldhof pulp mill . From 1979 the PWA acted as the holding company of a group in the paper industry .
In 1995 the Swedish Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget (SCA) took over PWA AG and formed a new group of companies. In 2017, the hygiene products division was spun off and continued under the name Essity .
Waldhof pulp mill (1884–1970)
The Waldhof pulp factory in Mannheim ( Lage ) produced and sold pulp , other paper pulp and all kinds of paper. It was founded on June 26, 1884, and the head office was initially in Berlin .
In 1907, the company acquired through merger the pulp mill Tilsit AG in Tilsit ( location ).
In September 1938, in the course of Aryanization, the Waldhof AG pulp factory took over the paper and synthetic fiber companies (Natronag) belonging to the Hartmann Group . For a purchase price of 7.5 million Reichsmarks (RM), Waldhof acquired a company network with branches in Germany, Poland, Austria and the Balkans with a turnover of 42 million RM (1937), a book value of 26 million RM and book reserves of 14 million RM; According to an internal report by Zellstofffabrik Waldhof AG , the purchase price paid was less than half of the company's true value.
In 1943 the group included:
- the O / Y Waldhof A / B in Helsinki (Finland)
- the Fockendorf AG paper mill in Fockendorf (Thuringia)
- the Papierfabrik Unterkochen GmbH in Unterkochen (Württemberg)
- the Natronzellstoff- und Papierfabriken AG in Berlin
From 1957 until his death in 1970 Friedrich Dorn was the chairman of the board of Zellstofffabrik Waldhof AG . During the National Socialist era, he was SS-Sturmbannführer and Ministerialdirigent in a leading position in steering the German pulp and paper industry as well as in the plundering of the corresponding resources in the occupied eastern territories.
Before the merger in 1970, the Waldhof pulp factory had sales of DM 606 million and employed 10,000 people.
Aschaffenburg pulp works (1872–1970)
The Aschaffenburger Zellstoffwerke ( Lage ) were founded by Philipp Dessauer in 1872 under the name Aktien-Gesellschaft für Maschinenpapier-Fabrikation . In 1917 the name of the company was changed to AG for pulp and paper manufacture and in 1936 to Aschaffenburger Zellstoffwerke AG . Before the merger, they had sales of DM 240 million and employed 4,000 people. The last general director of the listed company "Aschzell" was Norbert Lehmann.
Merger and development of the Waldhof-Aschaffenburg paper mills (1970–1995)
The merger was promoted by the banker Anton Ernstberger , whose Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechselbank held 28% of the shares in Aschaffenburger Zellstoffwerke.
After the merger and a consolidation phase from 1973 onwards, the Waldhof-Aschaffenburg paper mills pursued a strategy of legally separating the business areas in order to enable financing appropriate to the respective sales growth and capital requirements. This is how the original four business areas became
- Fine papers
- Consumer products , flexible packaging
- Cellulose / raw wadding , packaging paper , bags and
- Corrugated cardboard , printing
until 1979 divided into 15 legally independent companies.
Companies that did not belong to the core area of paper and pulp were gradually sold, for example in 1985 Efkadruck GmbH with 260 employees and 14 million DM sales (1983) and Kaiser GmbH & Co. KG with 150 employees and 10 million DM sales (1983).
Products and brands
The best- known brand is Zewa , which emerged from the acronym of the Waldhofer company name and has been operated by the Swedish SCA (today: Essity ) since 2007 .
The product Zewa wisch und weg , a brand for a disposable kitchen cleaning cloth , has been iconic since the 1960s . The product name even found its way into everyday language , such as B. "Zewa-wipe-and-away with this software".
In the course of taking over the Tempo brand from Procter & Gamble, SCA had to sell its own handkerchief brand "Softis" according to the European Commission. Together with the associated trademarks and processing machines, the Italian tissue company Sofidel (whose handkerchief brand is “Regina”) has bought the “Softis” handkerchief brand. The sale also included the rights to use the “Zewa” umbrella brand for a period of three years. SCA (today: Essity) retained a license for the distribution of "Softis" in countries outside of Germany and Austria.
literature
- Theodor Goebel: Waldhof pulp factory 1884–1909. Leipzig undated (1909).
- Heinz Haas (arr.): 75 years of Waldhof pulp mill. Hoppenstedt, Darmstadt 1959. (partly also with the title 75 years of pulp )
- Konrad Wernicke : Escape and a new beginning. Fateful years of a company 1944–1948 . Bergstadtverlag, Würzburg 1996, ISBN 3-87057-211-6 .
- Matthias Georgi, Florian Neumann: Forced labor in the Redenfelden paper mill 1939–1945 . August-Dreesbach-Verlag, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-940061-97-3 .
Web links
- TV report on the occasion of the 125th anniversary ( Rhein-Neckar TV from June 26, 2009, length 2:02)
- Early documents and newspaper articles on the Waldhof AG pulp factory in the 20th Century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Rolf Bühner: Business Organization Studies , 10th edition. Oldenbourg, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-486-27500-3 , pp. 417-419.
- ↑ a b Waldhof pulp factory , accessed on February 20, 2012
- ↑ Tilsiter Rundbrief (1980/81) (PDF; 342 kB)
- ^ Peter Hayes: State Policy and Corporate Involvement in the Holocaust . In: Michael Berenbaum, Abraham J. Peck (Eds.): The Holocaust and History . Indiana University Press, Bloomington 2002, ISBN 0-253-21529-3 , p. 207.
- ↑ a b c Bund in paper . In: Der Spiegel , No. 15/1970 of April 6, 1970, p. 60.
- ↑ http://faql.de/etymologie.html#marken
- ↑ Forum entry as a general example of colloquial use
- ↑ SCA Hygiene Products AG sells “Softis” handkerchief brand. (No longer available online.) December 4, 2007, archived from the original on December 2, 2016 ; accessed on November 22, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.