Zinck (organ builder)

Zinck is the name of a German family of teachers and organ builders who worked in the Wetterau and Kinzig Valley in the 18th century .

Life

The Zinck family can be traced back to Ortenberg in the 16th century ; Asmus and Curt Zinck are mentioned in 1581. Presumably Hans Jacob Zinck († after 1634) was the father of Johannes (* around 1611; † July 1, 1694 in Ortenberg) and Conrad Zinck. Johannes Zinck was married to Anna Erler († 1675) and had seven children born in Ortenberg with her.

Her youngest son was Johann Philipp Zinck (born January 31, 1655 in Ortenberg; † February 11, 1737 in Nieder-Florstadt ), the youngest son of Johannes Zick, who worked as a teacher in Heegheim and as an organist there from 1699 to 1722. He also worked as a carpenter and from 1719 at the latest in organ building. He was married to Ottilia Zinck (* 1668/1669; † September 26, 1731 in Ortenberg) and had four sons and a daughter with her. An important student of Zinck was Johann Friedrich Syer , who married his daughter Apollonia (1695–1768) in 1727. From 1734 onwards, Johann Philipp Zinck spent the last years of his life with his son-in-law in Nieder-Florstadt.

The second generation of organ builders included Johannes (* October 8, 1691 in Ortenberg; † May 7, 1755 in Ostheim), the eldest son of Johann Philipp. He learned his father's profession of organ builder and married Anna Margretha Popp (1688–1730) in Assenheim in 1715 and was wealthy there. In 1725 the couple bought a house in Rödelheim . Five children were born to the two.

A brother of Johannes was Johann Adolph Zinck (born December 11, 1700 in Heegheim; † May 8, 1758 in Steinfurth). From 1722 he took over his father's office as organist in Heegheim and was not an independent organ builder. Occasionally he worked with his brother Johann Henrich and helped his father. From 1723 to 1732 he relieved his father as an assistant to the schoolmaster in Heegheim. In 1732 he married Maria Margaretha Hoffmann (1705–1758), with whom he had six children. From 1733 until the end of his life, Johann Adolph was a teacher in Steinfurth and did not take on any major work as an organ builder. Some smaller compositions have survived. His brother Johann Henrich (born January 19, 1703 in Heegheim; buried on October 8, 1777 in Wächtersbach ) became a court carpenter and organ builder in Wächtersbach. There he married Albertina Sophia Kretzinger († 1743) for the first time in 1729 and Anna Christina Weisgerber († 1779) for the second time three months after the death of his wife. The first marriage had five children and the second marriage had six children. Johann Caspar (born April 1, 1709 in Heegheim; † September 24, 1786 in Frankfurt am Main), fourth son of Johann Philipp, was a preceptor of the Frankfurt high school and since 1751 a citizen of the city.

The most important representative of the third generation of organ builders was Johann Georg Zinck (born November 15, 1715 in Assenheim; † March 7, 1795), Johannes Zinck's eldest son. In 1739 he can be traced back to his father's employee in Kilianstätten. On March 13, 1742, Johann Georg married Maria Christina Buß, the daughter of a schoolmaster, in Ostheim. He moved to Ostheim and built at least 26 organs from there. In the entry in the church book of the Lutheran Church in Windecken, he is referred to as an “art-experienced organ maker, like master carpenter”. Seven children were born to the couple.

His eldest son of Johann Georg was Johann Conrad Zinck (born June 1, 1744 in Ostheim; † April 28, 1772 ibid.), Who worked with his father. He was planned to be his successor, but died at the age of 28. Johann Conrad was married to Anna Katharina Degen (1753–1774) and did not live to see the birth of his daughter Maria Christina. His younger brother, Johann Dietrich Zink (* March 12, 1752 in Ostheim; † January 22, 1803 in Hanau), initially worked in Windecken as a teacher and cantor and from 1777 as Marienkantor and organist in Hanau. He was married to Dorothea Franziska Roedinger (1755– after 1811); four children were born in Hanau.

Johann Dietrich's son Carl Philipp Henrich Zink (* July 23, 1779 in Hanau; † November 21, 1830 in London) took over this office after his father's death and held it until 1817. He married Johanna Margaretha Isabella Horn (1786-1821), with whom he had six children. On suspicion of fraud, he fled to London, where his wife followed him a year later. With Philipp Zink, the hundred-year-old tradition of the Zinck organ building family came to an end in the fifth generation.

plant

The Zinck family of organ builders built single-manual organs, the baroque prospectuses of which are designed with five axes. On some instruments, the central tower is lowered and a coat of arms above it. Due to the peasant decorations and angels as well as the coat of arms on the central tower, the organs in Rinderbügen and Wohnbach were ascribed to Zinck. They show similarities with the organs in Stockheim and Glauberg from the early phase. However, the trapezoidal outer towers, the lack of attachments under the pipe fields and the missing third-octave arrangement of the pipes in the flat fields speak against an attribution to Zinck.

In the period that followed, the Central German normal type was found with a round central tower and pointed towers at the sides, which were connected by flat fields. Apart from the standard model, the design of the three pipe towers at Zinck varies greatly: round, pointed or polygonal. Either the outer towers or the central tower are elevated. The number of pipes in the towers and fields as well as the arrangement of the pipes is different. If the space above the flat fields is not free, a field with blind whistles, a painting or a veil can be appropriate. The case can be crowned with carved or flat-sawn ornaments and blind wings (some with figures and putti) on the sides. The pipes are closed at the top with veil boards; Flame ornaments can fill in the spaces between the pipe feet. Ornate consoles mediate from the narrower lower case to a profiled cornice. On many organs, attachments below the pipe fields allow access to the valve boxes.

The manual is based on the principal in four-foot position and comprises four octaves (C – c ³ ). The basic registers are Gedackt 8 ', Principal 4', Octave 2 'and the mixture that has no thirds. Gedackt 4 ′, another 8 ′ or an aliquot register (usually 2 ² ⁄ ₃  ′) follow as further registers . The pedals are placed behind and rarely include more than two wooden registers with the range C – f ⁰ , otherwise C – c ¹ . Reed registers are the exception or have been adopted from other instruments. The reed flute is not used at all.

List of works

Italics indicate that the organ has not been preserved or only the historical case has been preserved. In the fifth column, the Roman number indicates the number of manuals , a capital "P" indicates an independent pedal , a lower-case "p" indicates a pedal that is only attached. The Arabic number indicates the number of sounding registers. The last column provides information on the organ builder, state of preservation or special features.

year	place	building	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1723-1725	Büdingen	Marienkirche		I / P	13	New building by Johannes Zinck; not received
1726	Stockheim	Ev. church		I / P	9	New building by Johann Philipp Zinck with Johann Adolph and Johann Henrich; 1774–1775 metal pipes replaced by Syer; Zinck brochure and wood register received
1726-1727	Glauberg	Ev. church		I / P	11	Extension of the existing organ (I / 6) by Johann Philipp and Johann Adolph, including registers from the previous organ from the old church; Prospectus received
1727	Ober-Mockstadt	Ev. church		I.		Repair of the organ of an unknown organ builder by Johann Adolph and Johann Henrich; not received
1739	Kilian cities	Ev. church		I / P	14th	New building by Johannes Zinck; not received
1741	Ostheim	Ev. church		I.		New building by Johann Georg Zinck; not received
1741	Marquetry	Ev. church		I / P	16	New building by Johannes Zinck; Very little of the Zinck prospectus preserved in the Ratzmann organ (angel, coat of arms and possibly console)
1742	Dortelweil	Ev. church				Extension of the existing organ by a pedal by Johannes Zinck; not received
1744	Düdelsheim	Ev. church		I / P	13	Transfer and renovation of the used organ from Marköbel (before 1701) by Johann Henrich Zinck
1747	Okarben	Ev. church		I / P	10 (?)	New building by Johann Georg Zinck; Prospectus received
1749/1768	Altenhaßlau	Reinhard Church		I / P	10	1749 new building by Johann Georg Zinck, 1768 extension by Johann Conrad Zinck; Housing partially preserved in Eidengesäß
1749	Burgbracht	Ev. church		I.	7th	New building by Johann Henrich Zinck; Replaced by Förster & Nicolaus in 1911 , case preserved
1751	Gundhelm	Ev. church		I / P	10	New building by Johann Henrich Zinck; not received
1753-1754	Bad Vilbel	Church of the Resurrection		I.	8th	New building by Johann Georg Zinck; Pedal expanded later, prospectus, ball system and pipework received in a greatly modified form
1754	Dietzenbach	Ev. church		I / P	8th	Extension of the existing organ by Johann Georg Zinck; not received
1755	Steinfurth	Ev. church		I.		New building by Johannes Zinck; Prospectus received
1756	Hanau-Kesselstadt	Ev. Friedenskirche		I.		New building by Johann Georg Zinck; Five -part prospectus received as part of the Ratzmann prospectus (1906)
1757	Rossdorf	Ev. church		I / P	5 (?)	Delivery of a (used?) Organ by Johann Georg Zinck; Sold to Nieder-Seemen in 1865 , received a brochure there
1763	Middle booking	Ev. church		I / P	10-12	New building by Johann Georg Zinck; not received
1766	Schluechtern	City Church		I / P	14th	New building by Johann Georg Zinck; not received
1766	Ober-Seemen	Ev. church		I / P	8th	New building by Johann Henrich Zinck; Rococo case preserved
1768	Altenhaßlau	Martinskirche		I / P	13	New building by Johann Georg Zinck; not received
1770	Ranstadt	Ev. church		I / P	8th	New building by Johann Georg and Johann Conrad Zinck; Rebuilt in 1852 and 1892 by Johann Georg Förster ; 1984 reconstructed new building by Oberlinger, two Gedackte and housing preserved
1769-1771	Büdesheim	Ev. church		I / P	12	New building under the responsibility of Johann Conrad Zinck; Prospectus preserved in the enlarged organ
1771	Oberdorfelden	Ev. church		I / P	8th	New building by Johann Georg Zinck; not received
1774	Kilian cities	Ev. church		I / P	13	New building by Johann Georg Zinck; not received
1788-1789	Rudigheim	Ev. church		I / P	11	New building by Johann Georg Zinck; Housing and two Gedackt registers preserved, reconstructed by Förster & Nicolaus in 2017

literature

• Franz Bösken : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 7.1 ). tape 2 : The area of ​​the former administrative district of Wiesbaden. Part 1: A-K . Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1307-2 .
• Franz Bösken: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 7.2 ). tape 2 : The area of ​​the former administrative district of Wiesbaden. Part 2: L-Z . Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1370-6 .
• Franz Bösken, Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.1 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 1: A-L . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1330-7 .
• Franz Bösken, Hermann Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.2 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M-Z . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 .
• Gerd Brodt: The Ostheim organ builder Johann Georg Zinck. In: Stadt Nidderau (Hrsg.): Nidderau - a city with historical diversity (= Nidderauer Heft. Vol. 15). City of Nidderau, Nidderau 2016, ISBN 978-3-9814051-2-5 , pp. 101-103.
• Hermann Fischer , Theodor Wohnhaas : Lexicon of southern German organ builders . Florian Noetzel Verlag, Wilhelmshaven 1994, ISBN 3-7959-0598-2 , p. 486 f .
• Gottfried Rehm : The organs of the former Schlüchtern district (= North German organs. Vol. 10). Pape, Berlin 1975, ISBN 3-921140-14-5 .
• Krystian Skoczowski : The organ building family Zinck. A contribution to the research of organ building in the Wetterau and the Kinzig valley in the 18th century. Haag + Herchen, Hanau 2018, ISBN 978-3-89846-824-4 .
• Ralph Ph. Ziegler: Johann Henrich and Johann Conrad Zink. Organ builder from Wächtersbach (= collections on the history of Wächtersbach. Issue 8). Wächtersbach 1990.

Web links

• Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Ostheim eV: Johann Georg Zinck (1715–1795)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 57.
2. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 58.
3. ^ Bösken / Fischer / Thömmes: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3, Part 1: A – L. 1988, p. 13.
4. ^ ^{A b} Fischer, Wohnhaas: Lexicon of southern German organ builders. 1994, p. 486.
5. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 68.
6. ^ Bösken / Fischer / Thömmes: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3, Part 1: A – L. 1988, p. 446 f.
7. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 107.
8. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 108.
9. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 129.
10. ^ Brodt: The Ostheim organ builder Johann Georg Zinck. 2016, p. 101.
11. ^ Brodt: The Ostheim organ builder Johann Georg Zinck. 2016, p. 102.
12. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, pp. 231–232.
13. ^ Bösken / Fischer / Thömmes: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3, Part 2: M-Z. 1988, pp. 796 f, 984 f.
14. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, pp. 309-311.
15. ↑ ^{a b} Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 239.
16. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, pp. 260–262.
17. ^ Bösken / Fischer / Thömmes: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3, Part 2: M-Z. 1988, p. 915 f.
18. ^ Bösken / Fischer / Thömmes: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3, Part 1: A – L. 1988, p. 392 f.
19. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 139.
20. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 117.
21. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 260.
22. ↑ Skoczowski: The organ builder family Zinck. 2018, p. 120 f.
23. ↑ Krystian Skoczowski: Organ in Nieder-Seemen , accessed on August 26, 2018.
24. ↑ Krystian Skoczowski: Organ in Ober-Seemen , accessed on August 27, 2018.
25. ^ Church in Rüdigheim , accessed on June 30, 2017.