Rüdigheim (Neuberg)

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Rudigheim
community Neuberg
Coat of arms of Rüdigheim
Coordinates: 50 ° 12 ′ 11 "  N , 8 ° 58 ′ 34"  E
Height : 128  (124–158)  m above sea level NHN
Residents : 1828
Incorporation : April 1, 1971
Postal code : 63543
Area code : 06185
Rüdigheim - a little to the left of the center the Johanniter Church
Rüdigheim - a little to the left of the center the Johanniter Church

Rüdigheim is a district and, together with the Ravolzhausen district, forms the municipality of Neuberg in the Main-Kinzig district in Hesse .

Evangelical Church in Rüdigheim
Former Johanniterkommende (today a Protestant community center), view from the north

Geographical location

The place is located in the eastern Rhine-Main area at an altitude of 133 m above sea ​​level , about 8.5 km northeast of Hanau . In the north, Rüdigheim borders on the foothills of the Vogelsberg . To the west, the Krebsbach flows past in a north-south direction. State roads 3445 and 3195 meet to the northwest of the village .

history

prehistory

Archaeological finds suggest that the present area has been settled since the Stone Age . The Upper German Limes runs to the east of the village .

middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of the village can be found in an interest register from around 1000. The place belonged from the 13th century as an allod to the possession of the Lords of Hanau , to the office of Büchertal of the Hanau rule , from 1429: County of Hanau , after the division of the country from 1458: County of Hanau-Munzenberg .

From 1222 local nobility, the lords of Rüdigheim , are called. They were related to the gentlemen of Rückingen and were also wealthy in Rückingen . In 1655 the family died out. Remnants of their headquarters can be found in the area of ​​the later Johanniterkommende. The people of Rüdigheim left the facility to the Johanniterkloster Höchst am Main in 1257 . The St. John founded a in Rüdigheim Coming . The main building of the Kommende is preserved below the church and is now used as a Protestant community center. Along with the nearby Hirzbach Chapel, it is one of the oldest buildings in the region and has both Romanesque and Gothic elements. The Comtur was administered by the Komtur from Höchst. In 1682 he acquired the protective bailiwick from Hanau .

The first church in Rüdigheim was born on November 22, 1235 consecrated . The patronage lay with the Lords of Rüdigheim, who donated it to the Order of St. John in 1257. Until the Reformation, the regional authority in the middle of the church was the Roßdorf Chapter , which was subordinate to the Archdiaconate of St. Maria ad Gradus in Mainz .

Historical forms of names

Rüdigheim was mentioned under the following names in documents that have survived (the year of mention in brackets):

  • Ruodingheim (around 1000)
  • Rudincheim (1222)
  • Rudenkeim (around 1234)
  • Rudigheim (1527)

Modern times

The Reformation was gradually introduced in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg in the middle of the 16th century. In Rüdigheim this was initially done in the Lutheran sense. In a "second Reformation", the denomination of the County of Hanau-Munzenberg was changed again: From 1597 Count Philipp Ludwig II pursued a decidedly reformed church policy. He made use of Jus reformandi , his right as sovereign to determine the denomination of his subjects, and made this largely binding for the County of Hanau-Munzenberg. The parish now belonged to the "class ( Dean's Office ) Windecken", which in turn was subordinate to the consistory in Hanau. From 1637–1712 the Reformed pastor of Rüdigheim also looked after the community of Oberissigheim .

The church was destroyed in the Thirty Years War , the reconstruction lasted until 1670. Inside the church some medieval elements have been preserved. Worth seeing is u. a. the tombstone of Commander Philipp von Reifenberg from 1495.

After Count Friedrich Casimir from the Lutheran branch of the Count von Hanau Lichtenberg family took office in 1642, a Lutheran congregation was also founded in Rüdigheim in 1683, the pastor of which was also responsible for the villages of Bruchköbel , Marköbel and Niederrodenbach . In 1697 they built their own church building . In 1817 the two parishes merged into the Hanauer Union and the younger church was torn down.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , In 1736, Landgrave Friedrich I of Hessen-Kassel inherited the County of Hanau-Münzenberg and with it the offices of Büchertal and Rüdigheim on the basis of an inheritance contract from 1643. In 1803 the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel was elevated to the status of the Electorate of Hesse . During the Napoleonic era, the office of Büchertal was initially under French military administration from 1806, from 1807 to 1810 it belonged to the Principality of Hanau and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, which divided the Electorate of Hesse into four provinces and 22 districts, the office of Büchertal became part of the newly formed district of Hanau . With the annexation of Kurhessen by the Kingdom of Prussia after the lost war of 1866 , Rüdigheim also became Prussian. In 1930 the Protestant pastors of Rüdigheim and Ravolzhausen were combined.

On April 1, 1971, Rüdigheim was incorporated into Neuberg as part of the regional reform in Hesse . The district of Hanau, in turn, became part of the Main-Kinzig district in 1974.

Population development

Occupied population figures are:

  • 1632: 0037 families
  • 1634: 0030 households
  • 1707: 0038 families
  • 1754: 0069 families = 69 households with 296 inhabitants
  • 1895: 0629 inhabitants
  • 1939: 0667 inhabitants
  • 1961: 0861 inhabitants
  • 1970: 1380 inhabitants

literature

  • Max Aschkewitz: Pastor history of the Hanau district ("Hanauer Union") until 1986 , part 1 = publications of the historical commission for Hesse 33. Marburg 1984, p. 330f.
  • Wilhelm Dersch: Hessian monastery book. Source studies on the history of the founders, monasteries and branches of religious cooperatives founded in the administrative district of Kassel, in the Grafschaft Schaumburg district, in the province of Upper Hesse and in the Biedenkopf district . 2nd ed. 1940. ND 2000, p. 137 f.
  • Alsatian, The Johanniter in Rüdigheim . In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein (Hrsg.): Hanau city and country. A home book for school and home. Hanau 1954, p. 344 ff.
  • Regenerus Engelhard: Description of the earth of the Hessian Lands Casselischen Antheiles with notes from history and from documents explained . Part 2. Cassel 1778. ND 2004, p. 765.
  • Evangelical parish Neuberg-Rüdigheim (Ed.): 750 years of the Rüdigheim church. A commemorative publication for the anniversary of the Johanniterkirche in Rüdigheim . 1986.
  • Georg Ulrich Großmann : South Hesse. Art guide. Imhof, Petersberg 2004, ISBN 3-935590-66-0 , p. 139.
  • Hans Habermann: Memories from old Rüdigheim . In: New Magazine for Hanau History 5 (1967/72), pp. 14-16.
  • Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory for Hessen . Issue 2: Territorial changes in the Hessian communities and districts from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden, undated, p. 57.
  • Heinrich Reimer : Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen. Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 14, 1926 p. 413.

Web links

Commons : Rüdigheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 (publications from the royal Prussian state archives 48) No. 332.
  2. ↑ See: Johanniterkommende Rüdigheim, Main-Kinzig-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ↑ a b Rüdigheim, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of December 22, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  4. ↑ Aschkewitz, p. 330.
  5. ↑ Aschkewitz, p. 331.
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 366 .
  7. ↑ In the years 1632, 1707 and 1754 the number of inhabitants in the county of Hanau was determined. The figures are reproduced here after Erhard Bus: The consequences of the great war - the west of the county of Hanau-Munzenberg after the Peace of Westphalia . In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein : The Thirty Years War in Hanau and the surrounding area = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 45 (2011), ISBN 978-3-935395-15-9 , pp. 277-320 (289 ff.)