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{{short description|19th-century Roman Catholic Bishop of Cleveland}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = [[Roman Catholic Bishop]]
| type = [[Roman Catholic Bishop]]
| honorific-prefix = [[The Right Reverend]]
| honorific-prefix = [[His Excellency]], [[The Most Reverend]]
| name = Richard Gilmour
| name = Richard Gilmour
|honorific-suffix = [[Doctor of Divinity|D.D.]]
| honorific-suffix = [[Doctor of Divinity|D.D.]]
| title = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Roman Catholic Bishop of Cleveland]]
| title = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Bishop of Cleveland]]
| image = [[File:The Right Reverend Richard Gilmour.jpg|300x300px|Bishop Richard Gilmour the Second Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland]]
| image = The Right Reverend Richard Gilmour.jpg
| church = [[Roman Catholic Church]]
| church = [[Roman Catholic Church]]
| archdiocese = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati|Cincinnati]]
| archdiocese =
| metropolis =
| metropolis =
| diocese = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Cleveland]]
| diocese =
| see = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Diocese of Cleveland]]
⚫
| appointed = February 15, 1872
⚫
| see = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Cleveland]]
| term =
⚫
| appointed = February 15, 1872
| term = April 14, 1872 - April 13, 1891
| term_start = April 14, 1872
| term_start = April 14, 1872
| term_end = April 13, 1891
| predecessor = [[Louis Amadeus Rappe]]
| term_end = April 13, 1891
| predecessor = [[Louis Amadeus Rappe]]
| successor = [[Ignatius Frederick Horstmann]]
| ordination = August 30, 1852
| successor = [[Ignatius Frederick Horstmann]]
⚫
| ordained_by = [[John Baptist Purcell]]
<!---------- Orders ---------->
| ordination = August 30, 1852
| consecration = April 14, 1872
| ordained_by = [[John Baptist Purcell]]
| consecrated_by = [[John Baptist Purcell]]
⚫
| birth_name =
| consecration = April 14, 1872
⚫
| birth_date = {{Birth_date|1824|9|28}}
⚫
| consecrated_by = [[John Baptist Purcell]]
⚫
| birth_place = [[Dumbarton, Scotland]], UK
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
⚫
| death_date = {{Death_date and age|1891|4|13|1824|9|28}}
⚫
| birth_name = Richard Gilmour
⚫
| death_place = [[St. Augustine, Florida]], USA
⚫
| birth_date = {{Birth_date|1824|9|28}}
⚫
| buried = [[Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)|Cathedral Resurrection Chapel]]
⚫
| birth_place = [[Dumbarton, Scotland]], UK
⚫
| nationality = [[Scottish people|Scottish]]
⚫
| death_date = {{Death_date and age|1891|4|13|1824|9|28}}
| religion =
⚫
| death_place = [[St. Augustine, Florida]], U.S.
| alma_mater =
⚫
| buried = [[Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist (Cleveland, Ohio)|Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist, Cleveland, Ohio]], U.S.
| motto = ''[[theological virtues|Fides Et Caritas]]''<br>(Faith and love)
⚫
| nationality = [[Scottish people|Scottish]]
| signature = Signature of Richard Gilmour (1824–1891).png
| religion = [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]
| alma_matter = [[Mount St. Mary's University]]
| education = [[Mount St. Mary's University]]
| motto = [[Faith, Hope and Charity|Fides Et Caritas]]
}}
}}


[[File:Bishop Richard Gilmour.jpg|thumb|150x150px]]
[[File:Bishop Richard Gilmour.jpg|thumb|150x150px]]
'''Richard Gilmour''' (September 28, 1824 &ndash; April 13, 1891) was a [[Scotland|Scottish]]-born [[prelate]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. He served as [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Bishop of Cleveland]] from 1872 until his death in 1891.
'''Richard Gilmour''' (September 28, 1824 – April 13, 1891) was a [[Scotland|Scottish]]-born [[prelate]] of the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]]. He served as bishop of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Diocese of Cleveland]] in Ohio from 1872 until his death in 1891.


==Biography==
==Biography==
⚫
Richard Gilmour was born in [[Dumbarton, Scotland]] to John and Marian (née Callander) Gilmour, who were [[Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland|Reformed Presbyterians]].<ref name=houck>{{cite book|last=Houck|first=George Francis|title=The Church in Northern Ohio and in the Diocese of Cleveland: From 1749 to 1890|publisher=Short & Forman Printers|year=1890}}</ref> In 1829 he and his parents moved to [[Nova Scotia]] and later settled near [[Latrobe, Pennsylvania]].<ref name=houck/> He received his [[Classics|classical]] education in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]], where he became acquainted with Rev. Patrick Rafferty, pastor of [http://www.fairmountonline.com/Tour/sfx.html St. Francis Xavier Church, Fairmount, Philadelphia].<ref name=houck/>


=== Early life ===
⚫
His friendship with Rafferty eventually led Gilmour to [[Religious conversion|convert]] to [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholicism]] in 1844, and he soon resolved to enter the [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priesthood]]. In 1846 he entered [[Mount St. Mary's University|Mount St. Mary's Seminary]] in [[Emmitsburg, Maryland]].<ref name="history">{{cite news|work=Encyclopedia of Cleveland History|title=GILMOUR, RICHARD|url=http://ech.case.edu/ech-cgi/article.pl?id=GR1}}</ref>
⚫
Gilmour was born in [[Dumbarton, Scotland]] to John and Marian (née Callander) Gilmour, both [[Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland|Reformed Presbyterians]].<ref name="houck">{{cite book|last=Houck|first=George Francis|title=The Church in Northern Ohio and in the Diocese of Cleveland: From 1749 to 1890|url=https://archive.org/details/churchinnorther00houcgoog|publisher=Short & Forman Printers|year=1890}}</ref> In 1829, the family immigrated to [[Nova Scotia]] in Canada, but later settled near [[Latrobe, Pennsylvania]].<ref name="houck" /> He received his [[Classics|classical]] education in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]], where he became acquainted with Rev. Patrick Rafferty, pastor of St. Francis Xavier Parish.<ref name="houck" />


⚫
Gilmour's friendship with Rafferty led Gilmour to [[Religious conversion|convert]] to Catholicism in 1844, and he soon decided to enter the [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priesthood]]. In 1846, he entered [[Mount St. Mary's University|Mount St. Mary's Seminary]] in Emmitsburg, Maryland.<ref name="history">{{cite news|work=Encyclopedia of Cleveland History|title=GILMOUR, RICHARD|url=http://ech.case.edu/ech-cgi/article.pl?id=GR1}}</ref> In addition to his studies, Gilmour was named [[prefect]] of collegians and professor of mathematics in 1847.<ref name="houck" /> He received his [[Master of Arts]] degree in 1848.
In addition to his studies, he was named [[prefect]] of collegians and [[professor]] of [[mathematics|mat]][[mathematics|hematics]] in 1847.<ref name="houck"/> After receiving his [[Master of Arts (postgraduate)|Master of Arts]] degree (1848) and completing his [[Theology|theological]] studies, Gilmour was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] a priest by Archbishop [[John Baptist Purcell]] on August 30, 1852.<ref name="hierarchy">{{cite news|work=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|title=Bishop Richard Gilmour|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bgilmour.html}}</ref>


=== Priesthood ===
⚫
He then served as pastor of [http://www.stmaryportsmouth.org St. Mary's Church] in [[Portsmouth, Ohio]], also doing [[missionary]] work in [[Ironton, Ohio|Ironton]], [[Gallipolis, Ohio|Gallipolis]], [[Vinton, Ohio|Vinton]], and [[Wilkesville, Ohio|Wilkesville]].<ref name="history"/> In 1857 he succeeded Rev. [[James Frederick Wood]] as pastor of [[St. Pius X Catholic Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)|St. Patrick's Church]] in [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]], where Gilmour erected a [[parochial school]]. He briefly served as a [[professor]] at [[Athenaeum of Ohio|Mount St. Mary's Seminary of the West]] (1868–1869) before being named pastor of [http://www.parishesonline.com/scripts/HostedSites/Org.asp?ID=7606 St. Joseph's Church] in [[Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]].<ref name="history"/>
Gilmour was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] a priest for the [[Diocese of Cincinnati]] by Archbishop [[John Baptist Purcell|John Purcell]] on August 30, 1852.<ref name="hierarchy">{{cite news|work=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|title=Bishop Richard Gilmour|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bgilmour.html}}</ref> After his ordination, Gilmour was appointed pastor of Church of Nativity of our Lord Jesus Christ Parish in [[Portsmouth, Ohio]]. He organized and built the English speaking Catholic church, Holy Redeemer in Portsmouth in 1853.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=July 21, 1855 |title=Richard Gilmour |pages=4 |work=The Catholic Telegraph}}</ref> Gilmour also conducted missionary work in Ironton, Gallipolis, [[Vinton, Ohio|Vinton]], and Wilkesville, all in Ohio.<ref name="history" /> He helped organize St. Lawrence Parish in [[Ironton, Ohio|Ironton]] and construct its church.<ref name=":0" />


⚫
In 1857, Gilmour was appointed pastor of [[St. Pius X Catholic Church (Cincinnati, Ohio)|St. Patrick's Parish]] in [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]], where he erected a [[parochial school]]. He served as a professor at [[Athenaeum of Ohio|Mount St. Mary's Seminary of the West]] in Cincinnati from 1868 to 1869 before being named pastor of St. Joseph's Parish in [[Dayton, Ohio]].<ref name="history" />
⚫
On February 15, 1872, Gilmour was appointed the second [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Bishop of Cleveland]] by [[Pope Pius IX]].<ref name=hierarchy/> He received his [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|episcopal]] [[consecration]] on the following April 14 from Archbishop Purcell, with Bishops [[Augustus Toebbe]] and [[Caspar Henry Borgess]] serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]], at [[Saint Peter in Chains Cathedral|St. Peter's Cathedral]].<ref name=hierarchy/> He founded ''The Catholic Universe'' newspaper in 1874, and successfully opposed attempts by the [[Cuyahoga County, Ohio|Cuyahoga County]] [[audit]]or to [[tax]] Catholic churches and schools.<ref name=history/> He established St. Ann's Asylum and Maternity Home, [http://ech.case.edu/ech-cgi/article.pl?id=SAHMC St. Alexis Hospital], and [http://ech.case.edu/ech-cgi/article.pl?id=SJH St. John Hospital].


=== Bishop of Cleveland ===
==Death==
⚫
On February 15, 1872, Gilmour was appointed as the second bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland by [[Pope Pius IX]].<ref name="hierarchy" /> He received his [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|episcopal]] [[consecration]] on April 14, 1872, from Archbishop Purcell, with Bishops [[Augustus Toebbe]] and [[Caspar Henry Borgess|Caspar Borgess]] serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]], at [[Cathedral Basilica of Saint Peter in Chains (Cincinnati)|St. Peter's Cathedral]] in Cincinnati.<ref name="hierarchy" />
Gilmour went to [[Florida]] in March 1891 due to failing health, where he died at [[St. Augustine, Florida|St. Augustine]], aged 66, on April 13, 1891.<ref name=history/>


As bishop, Gilmour founded ''The Catholic Universe'' newspaper in 1874. In 1877, the [[Cuyahoga County, Ohio|Cuyahoga County]] [[audit]]or announced plans to [[tax]] Catholic churches and schools. Gilmour fought the auditor in court, winning his case six years later.<ref name="history" /> He was also wary of the public school system.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jrvPAAAAMAAJ ''Brownson's Quarterly Review''] (Last Series, Vol. 1, 1873, "The Church above the State", p. 353-354). Quote: "Catholics are too timid; they seem to go upon the principle that, if they are tolerated, they are doing well. This is a mistake; if we let our rights go by default, we should not wonder if we lose them. We must be decided in our demands, and present a bolder front to our enemies. It is unjust to so organize the public schools that we cannot in conscience send our children to them, and then tax us for their support. As well create a State Church, and tax us for its support."</ref> He established St. Ann's Asylum and Maternity Home,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=x70YAAAAYAAJ&dq=Antoinette+Fage&pg=PA5 "St. Ann's Hospital, Cleveland", ''The Catholic Church in the United States of America'', Catholic Editing Company, 1914, p. 87]{{PD-notice}}</ref> St. Michael Hospital,<ref>
==Legacy==
[https://case.edu/ech/articles/s/st-michael-hospital "St. Michael Hospital", ''Encyclopedia of Cleveland History'', Case Western Reserve University]</ref> and St. John Hospital.
[[Gilmour Academy]], in Gates Mills, Ohio, is named in honor of Bishop Gilmour.

In 1882, Gilmour condemned the [[Ladies' Land League|Ladies Land League]] chapter in Cleveland.. Founded in Ireland, the League was a women's organization that assisted tenants being evicted from their homes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1883-02-03 |title=BISHOP GILMOUR WELCOMED.; HIS EUROPEAN TOUR--THE WRETCHEDNESS OF IRELAND DESCRIBED. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1883/02/03/archives/bishop-gilmour-welcomed-his-european-tourthe-wretchedness-of.html |access-date=2022-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

=== Death and legacy ===
Due to his declining health, Gilmour went to [[St. Augustine, Florida]] in March 1891 to recuperate. Richard Gilmour died there at age 66 on April 13, 1891.<ref name="history" />[[Gilmour Academy]] in Gates Mills, Ohio, is named in honor of Gilmour.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{start box}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{succession box |
{{succession box |
before=[[Louis Amadeus Rappe]]|
before=[[Louis Amadeus Rappe]]|
title=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Bishop of Cleveland]] |
title=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Bishop of Cleveland]] |
years=1872&ndash;1891 |
years=1872–1891 |
after=[[Ignatius Frederick Horstmann]]
after=[[Ignatius Frederick Horstmann]]
}}
}}
{{end box}}
{{s-end}}
⚫
{{Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland}}
{{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati}}
{{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati}}
{{Authority control|VIAF=14510657}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Gilmour, Richard
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Roman Catholic bishop
| DATE OF BIRTH = September 28, 1824
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Dumbarton, Scotland, UK
| DATE OF DEATH = April 13, 1891
| PLACE OF DEATH = St. Augustine, Florida, U.S.}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Gilmour, Richard}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gilmour, Richard}}
[[Category:1824 births]]
[[Category:1824 births]]
[[Category:1891 deaths]]
[[Category:1891 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Dumbarton]]
[[Category:People from Dumbarton]]
[[Category:People from Latrobe, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:People from Latrobe, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Calvinism]]
[[Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Presbyterianism]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cincinnati]]
[[Category:Christianity in Cleveland, Ohio]]
[[Category:Christianity in Cleveland]]
[[Category:American Roman Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:19th-century Roman Catholic bishops in the United States]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic Church in Ohio]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Cleveland]]
[[Category:American people of Scottish descent]]
[[Category:British emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Disease-related deaths in Florida]]
[[Category:Catholics from Pennsylvania]]

Latest revision as of 13:08, 25 April 2023

His Excellency, The Most Reverend

Richard Gilmour

D.D.
Bishop of Cleveland
ChurchRoman Catholic Church
SeeDiocese of Cleveland
AppointedFebruary 15, 1872
InstalledApril 14, 1872
Term endedApril 13, 1891
PredecessorLouis Amadeus Rappe
SuccessorIgnatius Frederick Horstmann
Orders
OrdinationAugust 30, 1852
by John Baptist Purcell
ConsecrationApril 14, 1872
by John Baptist Purcell
Personal details
Born(1824-09-28)September 28, 1824
Dumbarton, Scotland, UK
DiedApril 13, 1891(1891-04-13) (aged 66)
St. Augustine, Florida, USA
BuriedCathedral Resurrection Chapel
NationalityScottish
EducationMount St. Mary's University
MottoFides Et Caritas
(Faith and love)
SignatureRichard Gilmour's signature

Richard Gilmour (September 28, 1824 – April 13, 1891) was a Scottish-born prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland in Ohio from 1872 until his death in 1891.

Biography[edit]

Early life[edit]

Gilmour was born in Dumbarton, Scotland to John and Marian (née Callander) Gilmour, both Reformed Presbyterians.[1] In 1829, the family immigrated to Nova Scotia in Canada, but later settled near Latrobe, Pennsylvania.[1] He received his classical education in Philadelphia, where he became acquainted with Rev. Patrick Rafferty, pastor of St. Francis Xavier Parish.[1]

Gilmour's friendship with Rafferty led Gilmour to convert to Catholicism in 1844, and he soon decided to enter the priesthood. In 1846, he entered Mount St. Mary's Seminary in Emmitsburg, Maryland.[2] In addition to his studies, Gilmour was named prefect of collegians and professor of mathematics in 1847.[1] He received his Master of Arts degree in 1848.

Priesthood[edit]

Gilmour was ordained a priest for the Diocese of Cincinnati by Archbishop John Purcell on August 30, 1852.[3] After his ordination, Gilmour was appointed pastor of Church of Nativity of our Lord Jesus Christ Parish in Portsmouth, Ohio. He organized and built the English speaking Catholic church, Holy Redeemer in Portsmouth in 1853.[4] Gilmour also conducted missionary work in Ironton, Gallipolis, Vinton, and Wilkesville, all in Ohio.[2] He helped organize St. Lawrence Parish in Ironton and construct its church.[4]

In 1857, Gilmour was appointed pastor of St. Patrick's Parish in Cincinnati, where he erected a parochial school. He served as a professor at Mount St. Mary's Seminary of the West in Cincinnati from 1868 to 1869 before being named pastor of St. Joseph's Parish in Dayton, Ohio.[2]

Bishop of Cleveland[edit]

On February 15, 1872, Gilmour was appointed as the second bishop of the Diocese of Cleveland by Pope Pius IX.[3] He received his episcopal consecration on April 14, 1872, from Archbishop Purcell, with Bishops Augustus Toebbe and Caspar Borgess serving as co-consecrators, at St. Peter's Cathedral in Cincinnati.[3]

As bishop, Gilmour founded The Catholic Universe newspaper in 1874. In 1877, the Cuyahoga County auditor announced plans to tax Catholic churches and schools. Gilmour fought the auditor in court, winning his case six years later.[2] He was also wary of the public school system.[5] He established St. Ann's Asylum and Maternity Home,[6] St. Michael Hospital,[7] and St. John Hospital.

In 1882, Gilmour condemned the Ladies Land League chapter in Cleveland.. Founded in Ireland, the League was a women's organization that assisted tenants being evicted from their homes.[8]

Death and legacy[edit]

Due to his declining health, Gilmour went to St. Augustine, Florida in March 1891 to recuperate. Richard Gilmour died there at age 66 on April 13, 1891.[2]Gilmour Academy in Gates Mills, Ohio, is named in honor of Gilmour.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Houck, George Francis (1890). The Church in Northern Ohio and in the Diocese of Cleveland: From 1749 to 1890. Short & Forman Printers.
  2. ^ a b c d e "GILMOUR, RICHARD". Encyclopedia of Cleveland History.
  3. ^ a b c "Bishop Richard Gilmour". Catholic-Hierarchy.org.
  4. ^ a b "Richard Gilmour". The Catholic Telegraph. July 21, 1855. p. 4.
  5. ^ Brownson's Quarterly Review (Last Series, Vol. 1, 1873, "The Church above the State", p. 353-354). Quote: "Catholics are too timid; they seem to go upon the principle that, if they are tolerated, they are doing well. This is a mistake; if we let our rights go by default, we should not wonder if we lose them. We must be decided in our demands, and present a bolder front to our enemies. It is unjust to so organize the public schools that we cannot in conscience send our children to them, and then tax us for their support. As well create a State Church, and tax us for its support."
  6. ^ "St. Ann's Hospital, Cleveland", The Catholic Church in the United States of America, Catholic Editing Company, 1914, p. 87Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  7. ^ "St. Michael Hospital", Encyclopedia of Cleveland History, Case Western Reserve University
  8. ^ "BISHOP GILMOUR WELCOMED.; HIS EUROPEAN TOUR--THE WRETCHEDNESS OF IRELAND DESCRIBED". The New York Times. February 3, 1883. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 16, 2022.
Catholic Church titles
Preceded by Bishop of Cleveland
1872–1891 		Succeeded by
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