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{{Short description|Genus of grasses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Isachne globosa.jpg
|image = Isachne globosa.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Isachne globosa]]''
|image_caption = ''[[Isachne globosa]]''
|display_parents = 2
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|taxon = Isachne
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|authority = [[R.Br.]]
|type_species_authority = [[R.Br.]]<ref name=e/>
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|type_species = ''[[Isachne australis]]''<br />(syn of ''[[Isachne globosa|I. globosa]])''<ref name=h/>
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=e>[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40031628 Tropicos, ''Isachne'' R.Br.]</ref>
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
|synonyms =
|genus = '''''Isachne'''''
* ''Panicum'' sect. ''Isachne'' <small>(R. Br.) Trin.</small>
|genus_authority = [[R.Br.]]
|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
|subdivision = 60-100, see text
}}
}}
'''''Isachne''''' is a [[genus]] of [[grass]]es. There are about 60 species distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical world.<ref name=tai>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1050&taxon_id=116518 ''Isachne''.] Flora of Taiwan: Gramineae.</ref> They may be known generally as '''bloodgrasses'''.<ref name=usda>[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ISACH ''Isachne''.] USDA PLANTS.</ref>


'''''Isachne''''' is a widespread [[genus]] of tropical and subtropical plants in the [[Poaceae|grass family]], found in [[Asia]], [[Africa]], [[Australia]], the [[Americas]], and various oceanic islands.<ref>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2954352#page/64/mode/1up Brown, Robert 1810. Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 196] in Latin</ref><ref name=tai>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1050&taxon_id=116518 ''Isachne''.] Flora of Taiwan: Gramineae.</ref> They may be known generally as '''bloodgrasses'''.<ref name=usda>[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ISACH ''Isachne''.] USDA PLANTS.</ref><ref name=e/>
These are annual and perennial grasses. The stems are hollow, the leaves are often nerved, and the [[inflorescence]] may be an open or narrow panicle. The spikelets are rounded to spherical.<ref name=tai/> Many species are [[aquatic plant|aquatic]]. ''[[Isachne globosa]]'' is a weed of [[rice]] cultivation.<ref name=wats>Watson, L. and M. J. Dallwitz. 1992 onwards. [http://delta-intkey.com/grass/www/isachne.htm ''Isachne''.] The Grass Genera of the World. Version: 18 December 2012.</ref>


These are annual and perennial grasses. The stems are hollow, the leaves are often nerved, and the [[inflorescence]] may be an open or narrow panicle. The spikelets are rounded to spherical.<ref name=tai/> Many species are [[aquatic plant|aquatic]]. ''[[Isachne globosa]]'' is a weed of [[rice]] cultivation.<ref name=wats>Watson, L. and M. J. Dallwitz. 1992 onwards. [http://delta-intkey.com/grass/www/isachne.htm ''Isachne''.] The Grass Genera of the World. Version: 18 December 2012.</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=116518 Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 554 <big>柳叶箬属</big> liu ye ruo shu ''Isachne'' R. Brown, Prodr. 196. 1810. ]</ref><ref>[http://bie.ala.org.au/species/urn:lsid:biodiversity.org.au:apni.taxon:410440#tab_classification Atlas of Living Australia]</ref><ref>Iskandar, E. A. P. & J. F. Veldkamp. 2004. A revision of Malesian ''Isachne'' sect. ''Isachne'' (Gramineae, Panicoideae, Isachneae). Reinwardtia 12(2): 159–179</ref><ref>[http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1600/036364414X682256?journalCode=sbot Longhi-Wagner, H. M. & C. A. D. Welker. 2014. A new species of ''Isachne'' (Poaceae, Micrairoideae) from Brazil and a synopsis of the Brazilian species of the genus. Systematic Botany 39(3):845-849. 2014 39(3): 845–849, figures 1–2]</ref><ref>Phillips, S. 1995. Poaceae (Gramineae). Flora of Ethiopia 7: i–xx, 1–420</ref>
There are about 60<ref name=tai/> to 100 species.<ref name=wats/>

; Species<ref name=h>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=420302 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref><ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Isachne The Plant List search for Isachne]</ref><ref>Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater. 1994. Alismataceae a Cyperaceae. 6: i–xvi, 1–543. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.</ref>
{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* ''[[Isachne albens]]'' - Southeast Asia, China, Himalayas, New Guinea
* ''[[Isachne albomarginata]]'' - [[Borneo]], [[Sulawesi]], [[New Guinea]]
* ''[[Isachne angladei]]'' - [[Tamil Nadu]]
* ''[[Isachne angolensis]]'' - tropical Africa
* ''[[Isachne angustifolia]]'' - [[Puerto Rico]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
* ''[[Isachne aristatum]]'' - Asia, host of ''[[Orseolia oryzae]]''<ref name="Harris-et-al-2003">{{cite journal | last1=Harris | first1=M. O. | last2=Stuart | first2=J. J. | last3=Mohan | first3=M. | last4=Nair | first4=S. | last5=Lamb | first5=R. J. | last6=Rohfritsch | first6=O. | title=Grasses and Gall Midges: Plant Defense and Insect Adaptation | journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]] | publisher=[[Annual Reviews (publisher)|Annual Reviews]] | volume=48 | issue=1 | year=2003 | issn=0066-4170 | doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.48.091801.112559 | pages=549–577| pmid=12460937 }}</ref>
* ''[[Isachne arfakensis]]'' - New Guinea
* ''[[Isachne arundinacea]]'' - tropical Americas
* ''[[Isachne ascendens]]'' - Vietnam
* ''[[Isachne bicolor]]'' - [[Maharashtra]]
* ''[[Isachne borii]]'' - [[Maharashtra]]
* ''[[Isachne bourneorum]]'' - [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]]
* ''[[Isachne brassii]]'' - [[Sulawesi]], [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]], New Guinea
* ''[[Isachne buettneri]]'' - tropical Africa
* ''[[Isachne cambodiensis]]'' - [[Cambodia]]
* ''[[Isachne carolinensis]]'' - [[Solomon Islands]], [[Caroline Islands]]
* ''[[Isachne cernua]]'' - [[Réunion]]
* ''[[Isachne chevalieri]]'' - Vietnam
* ''[[Isachne ciliaris]]'' - Madagascar
* ''[[Isachne ciliatiflora]]'' - [[Sichuan]]
* ''[[Isachne clarkei]]'' - Southeast Asia, China, Himalayas
* ''[[Isachne clementis]]'' - [[Borneo]]
* ''[[Isachne cochinchinensis]]'' - [[Vietnam]], [[Laos]]
* ''[[Isachne comata]]'' - [[New Caledonia]], [[Vanuatu]]
* ''[[Isachne confusa]]'' - Southeast Asia, China, Himalayas, New Guinea, Australia
* ''[[Isachne deccanensis]]'' - [[Tamil Nadu]]
* ''[[Isachne diabolica]]'' - [[Sumatra]]
* ''[[Isachne dimyloides]]'' - [[Sikkim]]
* ''[[Isachne dioica]]'' - [[Vietnam]]
* ''[[Isachne disperma]]'' - [[Trinidad]], [[Lesser Antilles]]
* ''[[Isachne distichophylla]]'' - [[Hawaii]], [[Cook Islands]]
* ''[[Isachne eberhardtii]]'' - Vietnam
* ''[[Isachne elegans]]'' - [[India]], [[Bhutan]], [[Assam]], [[Myanmar]]
* ''[[Isachne fischeri]]'' - [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]]
* ''[[Isachne globosa]]'' - Asia from [[Oman]] to [[Japan]] to [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]]; Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, [[Micronesia]], [[Fiji]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Cook Islands]]
* ''[[Isachne goiasensis]]'' - [[Goiás]], [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]], [[Distrito Federal, Brazil|D.F.]]
* ''[[Isachne gossweileri]]'' - [[Angola]]
* ''[[Isachne gracilis]]'' - [[Karnataka]], [[Maharashtra]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
* ''[[Isachne guangxiensis]]'' - [[Fujian]], [[Guangxi]], [[Hong Kong]]
* ''[[Isachne guineensis]]'' - [[Guinea]]
* ''[[Isachne hainanensis]]'' - [[Guangdong]], [[Hainan]]
* ''[[Isachne henryi]]'' - [[Kerala]]
* ''[[Isachne himalaica]]'' - [[Afghanistan]], [[Tajikistan]], [[Tibet]], [[Nepal]], [[Kashmir]], [[Uttarakhand]], [[Sikkim]], [[Bhutan]], [[Assam]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]], [[Myanmar]]
* ''[[Isachne hirtissima]]'' - [[Madagascar]]
* ''[[Isachne hoi]]'' - [[Guangdong]], [[Hunan]], [[Zhejiang]]
* ''[[Isachne homonyma]]'' - [[Réunion]]
* ''[[Isachne humbertiana]]'' - [[Madagascar]]
* ''[[Isachne humicola]]'' - [[Madagascar]]
* ''[[Isachne jayachandranii]]'' - [[Kerala]]
* ''[[Isachne kinabaluensis]]'' - [[Assam]], [[Myanmar]], Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, [[Borneo]], [[Sumatra]]
* ''[[Isachne kiyalaensis]]'' - tropical Africa
* ''[[Isachne kunthiana]]'' - China, [[Nansei-shoto]], Southeast Asia, [[Papuasia]]
* ''[[Isachne laevis]]'' - [[Réunion]]
* ''[[Isachne langkawiensis]]'' - [[Langkawi]]
* ''[[Isachne leersioides]]'' - [[Cuba]]
* ''[[Isachne ligulata]]'' - [[Guyana]], [[Venezuela]], [[Colombia]], [[Peru]]
* ''[[Isachne lisboae]]'' - [[Karnataka]], [[Maharashtra]], [[Vietnam]]
* ''[[Isachne longifolia]]'' - [[Réunion]]
* ''[[Isachne lutchuensis]]'' - [[Nansei-shoto]]
* ''[[Isachne mauritiana]]'' - tropical Africa, [[Madagascar]], [[Réunion]], [[Mauritius]]
* ''[[Isachne meeboldii]]'' - [[Karnataka]]
* ''[[Isachne minutula]]'' - India, [[Sri Lanka]], Southeast Asia, Australia
* ''[[Isachne multiflora]]'' - [[Sri Lanka]]
* ''[[Isachne muscicola]]'' - [[Madagascar]]
* ''[[Isachne myosotis]]'' - China, [[Nansei-shoto]], Southeast Asia, [[Papuasia]], [[Australia]]
* ''[[Isachne mysorensis]]'' - [[Karnataka]]
* ''[[Isachne nipponensis]]'' - China incl Taiwan, Korea, Japan incl [[Nansei-shoto]]
* ''[[Isachne obtecta]]'' - [[New Guinea]]
* ''[[Isachne oreades]]'' - [[Tamil Nadu]]
* ''[[Isachne pallens]]'' - [[Hawaii]]
* ''[[Isachne pangerangensis]]'' - Java, Sumatra, [[Lesser Sunda Islands]], [[Philippines]], [[New Guinea]]
* ''[[Isachne pauciflora]]'' - [[Taiwan]], [[Philippines]], [[New Guinea]]
* ''[[Isachne perrieri]]'' - [[Madagascar]]
* ''[[Isachne petelotii]]'' - [[Vietnam]]
* ''[[Isachne polygonoides]]'' - tropical Americas
* ''[[Isachne puberula]]'' - [[Thailand]]
* ''[[Isachne pubescens]]'' - [[Chiapas]], [[Belize]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[Veracruz]]
* ''[[Isachne pulchella]]'' - Asia from [[India]] to [[Taiwan]] to [[Philippines]]; [[New Guinea]], [[Mariana Islands]]
* ''[[Isachne pygmaea]]'' - [[Jamaica]]
* ''[[Isachne rigens]]'' - [[Guatemala]], [[Jamaica]], [[Leeward Islands]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Peru]], [[Ecuador]]
* ''[[Isachne rigidifolia]]'' - [[Greater Antilles|Greater]] + [[Lesser Antilles]]
* ''[[Isachne salzmannii]]'' - [[Bahia]]
* ''[[Isachne saxicola]]'' - [[Malaysia]], [[Borneo]]
* ''[[Isachne scabrosa]]'' - [[Nepal]], [[Sikkim]], [[Tibet]], [[Assam]], [[Myanmar]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bhutan]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
* ''[[Isachne setosa]]'' - [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]]
* ''[[Isachne sharpii]]'' - [[Queensland]]
* ''[[Isachne sikkimensis]]'' - [[Tibet]], [[Nepal]], [[Sikkim]], [[Bhutan]]
* ''[[Isachne smitinandiana]]'' - [[Thailand]], [[Vietnam]]
* ''[[Isachne stenantha]]'' - [[Madagascar]]
* ''[[Isachne swaminathanii]]'' - [[Sulawesi Selatan]]
* ''[[Isachne sylvestris]]'' - [[Assam]], [[Fujian]], [[Guangdong]], [[Peninsular Malaysia|Pen Malaysia]], [[Sumatra]]
* ''[[Isachne trachycaula]]'' - [[Sumatra]]
* ''[[Isachne truncata]]'' - [[Vietnam]], southern [[China]]
* ''[[Isachne vaughanii]]'' - [[Mauritius]]
* ''[[Isachne veldkampii]]'' - [[Karnataka]]
* ''[[Isachne venusta]]'' - [[Réunion]]
* ''[[Isachne villosa]]'' - [[Papuasia]]
* ''[[Isachne vitiensis]]'' - [[Vanuatu]], [[Fiji]]
* ''[[Isachne walkeri]]'' - [[Sri Lanka]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]]
}}

; formerly included<ref name=h/>
see ''[[Chascolytrum]] [[Coelachne]] [[Cyrtococcum]] [[Panicum]] [[Streptostachys]]''
{{Columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* ''Isachne biflora - [[Panicum brevifolium]]''
* ''Isachne brachyglumis - [[Coelachne simpliciuscula]]''
* ''Isachne fauriei - [[Panicum sarmentosum]]''
* ''Isachne filifolia - [[Panicum brazzavillense]]''
* ''Isachne gardneri - [[Panicum gardneri]]''
* ''Isachne hackelii - [[Chascolytrum poimorphum]]''
* ''Isachne hispidula - [[Coelachne simpliciuscula]]''
* ''Isachne jardinii - [[Cyrtococcum chaetophoron]]''
* ''Isachne kidumaensis - [[Panicum nervatum]]''
* ''Isachne kingundaensis - [[Cyrtococcum chaetophoron]]''
* ''Isachne kinshasaensis - [[Panicum brazzavillense]]''
* ''Isachne lamarckii - [[Panicum brevifolium]]''
* ''Isachne margaritifera - [[Panicum margaritiferum]]''
* ''Isachne mayocoensis - [[Panicum trichoides]]''
* ''Isachne nervata - [[Panicum nervatum]]''
* ''Isachne obscurans - [[Panicum hippothrix]]''
* ''Isachne perpusilla - [[Coelachne perpusilla]]''
* ''Isachne poimorpha - [[Chascolytrum poimorphum]]''
* ''Isachne prostrata - [[Panicum horticola]]''
* ''Isachne refracta - [[Panicum hochstetteri]]''
* ''Isachne sapinii - [[Panicum strictissimum]]''
* ''Isachne simpliciuscula - [[Coelachne simpliciuscula]]''
* ''Isachne streptostachys - [[Streptostachys asperifolia]]''
* ''Isachne tricarinata - [[Panicum brevifolium]]''
* ''Isachne trochainii - [[Panicum tenellum]]''
* ''Isachne wombaliensis - [[Panicum nervatum]]''
}}


Species include:
*''[[Isachne albens]]''
*''[[Isachne angustifolia]]'' - ''yerba de alambre''
*''[[Isachne arundinacea]]''
*''[[Isachne beneckei]]''
*''[[Isachne carolinensis]]''
*''[[Isachne confusa]]''
*''[[Isachne dispar]]''
*''[[Isachne disperma]]''
*''[[Isachne distichophylla]]'' - ridgetop bloodgrass
*''[[Isachne globosa]]''
*''[[Isachne goiasensis]]''
*''[[Isachne kunthiana]]''
*''[[Isachne leersioides]]''
*''[[Isachne ligulata]]''
*''[[Isachne milliacea]]''
*''[[Isachne myosotis]]''
*''[[Isachne nipponensis]]''
*''[[Isachne pallens]]'' - Kauai bloodgrass
*''[[Isachne polygonoides]]''
*''[[Isachne pubescens]]''
*''[[Isachne pulchella]]''
*''[[Isachne purpurascens]]''
*''[[Isachne pygmaea]]''
*''[[Isachne rigens]]''
*''[[Isachne rigidifolia]]''
*''[[Isachne salzmannii]]''
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
== External links ==
*[http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=41789 ''Isachne''.] Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* [https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=41789 ''Isachne''.] Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* [http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db/www/gen00316.htm ''Isachne''.] Grassbase - The World Online Grass Flora.
* [http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db/www/gen00316.htm ''Isachne''.] Grassbase - The World Online Grass Flora.


{{Taxonbar|from=Q2552083}}
[[Category:Panicoideae]]
[[Category:Poaceae genera]]


[[Category:Micrairoideae]]
{{Panicoideae-stub}}
[[Category:Poaceae genera]]
[[Category:Grasses of Africa]]
[[Category:Grasses of Asia]]
[[Category:Grasses of North America]]
[[Category:Grasses of Oceania]]
[[Category:Grasses of South America]]

Latest revision as of 18:12, 25 April 2024

Isachne
Isachne globosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Micrairoideae
Tribe: Isachneae
Genus: Isachne
R.Br.
Type species
Isachne australis
(syn of I. globosa)[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Panicum sect. Isachne (R. Br.) Trin.

Isachne is a widespread genus of tropical and subtropical plants in the grass family, found in Asia, Africa, Australia, the Americas, and various oceanic islands.[3][4] They may be known generally as bloodgrasses.[5][2]

These are annual and perennial grasses. The stems are hollow, the leaves are often nerved, and the inflorescence may be an open or narrow panicle. The spikelets are rounded to spherical.[4] Many species are aquatic. Isachne globosa is a weed of rice cultivation.[6][7][8][9][10][11]

Species[1][12][13]
formerly included[1]

see Chascolytrum Coelachne Cyrtococcum Panicum Streptostachys

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ a b c Tropicos, Isachne R.Br.
  3. ^ Brown, Robert 1810. Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 196 in Latin
  4. ^ a b Isachne. Flora of Taiwan: Gramineae.
  5. ^ Isachne. USDA PLANTS.
  6. ^ Watson, L. and M. J. Dallwitz. 1992 onwards. Isachne. The Grass Genera of the World. Version: 18 December 2012.
  7. ^ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 554 柳叶箬属 liu ye ruo shu Isachne R. Brown, Prodr. 196. 1810.
  8. ^ Atlas of Living Australia
  9. ^ Iskandar, E. A. P. & J. F. Veldkamp. 2004. A revision of Malesian Isachne sect. Isachne (Gramineae, Panicoideae, Isachneae). Reinwardtia 12(2): 159–179
  10. ^ Longhi-Wagner, H. M. & C. A. D. Welker. 2014. A new species of Isachne (Poaceae, Micrairoideae) from Brazil and a synopsis of the Brazilian species of the genus. Systematic Botany 39(3):845-849. 2014 39(3): 845–849, figures 1–2
  11. ^ Phillips, S. 1995. Poaceae (Gramineae). Flora of Ethiopia 7: i–xx, 1–420
  12. ^ The Plant List search for Isachne
  13. ^ Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater. 1994. Alismataceae a Cyperaceae. 6: i–xvi, 1–543. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
  14. ^ Harris, M. O.; Stuart, J. J.; Mohan, M.; Nair, S.; Lamb, R. J.; Rohfritsch, O. (2003). "Grasses and Gall Midges: Plant Defense and Insect Adaptation". Annual Review of Entomology. 48 (1). Annual Reviews: 549–577. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.48.091801.112559. ISSN 0066-4170. PMID 12460937.

External links[edit]

  • Isachne. Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  • Isachne. Grassbase - The World Online Grass Flora.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isachne&oldid=1220751886"