National Anthem of Lebanon: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description| |
{{Short description|none}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}} |
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{{Infobox anthem |
{{Infobox anthem |
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| title = {{lang|ar|النشيد الوطني اللبناني}} |
| title = {{lang|ar|النشيد الوطني اللبناني}} |
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| transcription = {{transl|ar|an-Našīd al-Waṭanī al-Lubnānī}}<br /> |
| transcription = {{transl|ar|an-Našīd al-Waṭanī al-Lubnānī}}<br />{{transl|ar|Koullouna lilouaṭaan}} |
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| image = Flag of Lebanon.svg |
| image = Flag of Lebanon.svg |
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| image_size = |
| image_size = |
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| caption = |
| caption = [[Flag of Lebanon]] |
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| prefix = National |
| prefix = National |
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| country = |
| country = [[Lebanon]] |
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| author = Rashid Nakhle |
| author = Rashid Nakhle |
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| lyrics_date = |
| lyrics_date = |
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| composer = [[ |
| composer = [[Wadih Sabra]] |
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| music_date = 1925 |
| music_date = 1925 |
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| adopted = 12 July 1927 |
| adopted = 12 July 1927 |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Lebanese National Anthem''' ({{lang-ar|النشيد الوطني اللبناني}}, {{transl|ar|''an-Našīd al-Waṭanī al-Lubnānī''}}), |
The '''Lebanese National Anthem''' ({{lang-ar|النشيد الوطني اللبناني}}, {{transl|ar|''an-Našīd al-Waṭanī al-Lubnānī''}}), officially known as "'''{{transl|ar|italic=no|Koullouna lilouaṭaan lil oula lil alam}}'''", was written by [[Rashid Nakhle]] and composed by [[Wadih Sabra]]. It was adopted on 12 July 1927, seven years after the proclamation of the state of [[Greater Lebanon]] during the [[French Mandate of Lebanon|French mandate]]. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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===Composition=== |
===Composition=== |
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The music of the national anthem is influenced by Beirut's exposure to |
The music of the national anthem is influenced by Beirut's exposure to Western culture by the end of the 19th century. It was composed by French-trained artist [[Wadia Sabra]] in 1925.<ref name="FZ">{{Cite book|edition=illustrated|publisher=American university in Cairo press|isbn=9789774246074|pages=456|last=Zuhur|first=Sherifa|title=Colors of enchantment: theater, dance, music, and the visual arts of the Middle East|location=Cairo|access-date=8 October 2009|year=2001|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MOVPaLXjjsAC&pg=PA340}}</ref> Rasha Al Karam of Al Jadid TV aired a mini-documentary about the Lebanese National Anthem, claiming that the music originated from a song dedicated to [[Abd el-Krim]], President of the [[Republic of the Rif]], and composed by Lebanese Mohammed Flayfel. |
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==Lyrics== |
==Lyrics== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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!Arabic original<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lebanonembassyus.org/the-national-anthem.html|title=The National Anthem|website=The Embassy of Lebanon|access-date=2019-08-23}}</ref> |
![[Modern Standard Arabic|MSA]] original<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lebanonembassyus.org/the-national-anthem.html|title=The National Anthem|website=The Embassy of Lebanon|access-date=2019-08-23}}</ref> |
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!Romanization (EALL) |
![[Romanization of Arabic|Romanization]] (EALL) |
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![[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] transcription{{efn|See [[Help:IPA/Arabic]] |
![[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] transcription{{efn|See [[Help:IPA/Arabic]]}}<ref>Transcriptions are based primarily on [[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|reliable sources]] from articles [[Arabic phonology]], [[Arabic language]] and [[Help:IPA/Arabic]]. Therefore, it is not considered [[Wikipedia:No original research|original research]].</ref>{{efn|The anthem is usually sung using the [[Modern Standard Arabic|MSA]] pronunciation instead of [[Lebanese Arabic]].}} |
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!Literal English translation |
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|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;" |
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;" |
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|<poem style="line-height:1.52em;">{{lang|ar|'''١''' |
|<poem dir="rtl" style="line-height:1.52em;">{{lang|ar|'''١''' |
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كُلُّنَا لِلْوَطَنْ لِلْعُلٰى لِلْعَلَمْ |
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كلنا للوطن للعلى للعلم |
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مِلْءُ عَيْنِ الزَّمَنْ سَيْفُنَا وَالْقَلَمْ |
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ملء عين الزّمن سيفنا والقلم |
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سَهْلُنَا وَالْجَبَلْ مَنْبِتٌ لِلرِّجَال |
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سهلنا والجبل منبت للرجال |
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قَوْلُنَا وَالْعَمَلْ فِيْ سَبِيْلِ الْكَمَال |
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قولنا والعمل في سبيل الكمال |
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{{small|'''كورال:'''}} |
{{small|'''كورال:'''}} |
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كُلُّنَا لِلْوَطَنْ لِلْعُلٰى لِلْعَلَمْ |
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كلنا للوطن للعلى للعلم |
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كُلُّنَا لِلْوَطَنْ |
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كلّنا للوطن |
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'''٢''' |
'''٢''' |
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شَيْخُنَا وَالْفَتٰى عِنْدَ صَوْتِ الْوَطَنْ |
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شيخنا والفتى عند صوت الوطن |
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أُسْدُ غَابٍ مَتٰى سَاوَرَتْنَا الْفِتَنْ |
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أسد غاب متى ساورتنا الفتن |
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شَرْقُنَا قَلْبُهُ أَبَداً لُبْنَان |
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شرقنا قلبه أبداً لبنان |
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صَانَهُ رَبُّهُ لِمَدَى الْأَزْمَان |
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صانه ربه لمدى الأزمان |
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{{yesitalic|{{small|'''كورال'''}}}} |
{{yesitalic|{{small|'''كورال'''}}}} |
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'''٣''' |
'''٣''' |
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بَحْرُهُ بَرُّهُ دُرَّةُ الشَّرْقَيْن |
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بحره برّه درّة الشرقين |
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رِفْدُهُ بِرُّهُ مَالِئُ الْقُطْبَيْن |
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رِفدُه برّهُ مالئ القطبين |
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إِسْمُهُ عِزُّهُ مُنْذُ كَانَ الْجُدُوْد |
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إسمه عزّه منذ كان الجدود |
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مَجْدُهُ أَرْزُهُ رَمْزُهُ لِلْخُلُوْد |
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مجدُهُ أرزُهُ رمزُهُ للخلود |
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{{yesitalic|{{small|'''كورال'''}}}}}}</poem> |
{{yesitalic|{{small|'''كورال'''}}}}}}</poem> |
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Ṣānahu rabbuhu, li-madā l-ʾazmān |
Ṣānahu rabbuhu, li-madā l-ʾazmān |
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{{small|'''''Kūrāl'''''}} |
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'''III''' |
'''III''' |
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Majduhu ʾarzuhu, ramzuhu li-l-xulūd |
Majduhu ʾarzuhu, ramzuhu li-l-xulūd |
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{{small|'''''Kūrāl'''''}}}}</poem> |
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|<poem>{{IPA|'''1''' |
|<poem>{{IPA|wrap=none|'''1''' |
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[kʊl.lʊ.næː lɪ‿l.wɑ.tˤɑn {{!}} lɪ‿l.ʕʊ.læː lɪ‿l.ʕɑ.læm] |
[kʊl.lʊ.næː lɪ‿l.wɑ.tˤɑn {{!}} lɪ‿l.ʕʊ.læː lɪ‿l.ʕɑ.læm] |
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[mɪl.ʔu ʕɑjn ɪz.zæ.mæn {{!}} sæj.fu.næː wæ‿l.qɑ.læm] |
[mɪl.ʔu ʕɑjn ɪz.zæ.mæn {{!}} sæj.fu.næː wæ‿l.qɑ.læm] |
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[sæh.lʊ.næː wæ‿l.ʒæ.bæl {{!}} mæn.bi.tʊn lɪ‿r.ri.ʒæːl] |
[sæh.lʊ.næː wæ‿l.ʒæ.bæl {{!}} mæn.bi.tʊn lɪ‿r.ri.ʒæːl] |
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[qɑw.lʊ.næː wæ‿l.ʕɑ.mæl fiː sæ.biː.lɪl kæ. |
[qɑw.lʊ.næː wæ‿l.ʕɑ.mæl fiː sæ.biː.lɪl kæ.mæːl] |
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{{small|'''[kuː.rɑːl]'''}} |
{{small|'''[kuː.rɑːl]'''}} |
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{{small|'''[kuː.rɑːl]'''}}}}</poem> |
{{small|'''[kuː.rɑːl]'''}}}}</poem> |
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|<poem>'''I''' |
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All of us for the homeland, for excellence, for the flag, |
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Filling the eye of time, our sword and pen. |
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Our plain and mountain – a breeding ground of men, |
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Our speech and work – in the manner of perfection. |
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{{small|'''Chorus:'''}} |
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All of us for the homeland, for excellence, for the flag |
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All of us for the homeland. |
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'''II''' |
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Our elder and youth – in reach of the voice of the homeland, |
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A lion of jungles when we rushed into the wars. |
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Our East's heart – forever Lebanon, |
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Protected by the Lord for the duration of time. |
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{{yesitalic|{{small|'''Chorus'''}}}} |
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'''III''' |
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Her sea, her land – the pearl of the two Easts. |
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Her supporter – her righteousness, filling the two poles. |
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Her name – her honour, since the forefathers have existed. |
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Her glory – [[Cedrus libani|her cedar]], her symbol for eternity. |
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{{yesitalic|{{small|'''Chorus'''}}}}</poem> |
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|} |
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===Translations=== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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!French translation<ref>{{cite web|language=fr|first=Tarhini|last=Wissam|title=L'hymne national du Liban|url=https://www.ministryinfo.gov.lb/fr/759|website=Ministère libanais de l'Information|access-date=2019-08-23}}</ref> |
!French translation<ref>{{cite web|language=fr|first=Tarhini|last=Wissam|title=L'hymne national du Liban|url=https://www.ministryinfo.gov.lb/fr/759|website=Ministère libanais de l'Information|access-date=2019-08-23}}</ref> |
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!English translation<ref name="FA">{{Cite book|publisher=GRIN Verlag|isbn=9783638778602|pages=36|last=Farshad|first=Mohammad-Avvali|title=The Role of Art in the Struggle for National Identity in Lebanon|series=Akademische Schriftenreihe|access-date=2009-10-08|year=2007|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PDOGrsWMcAYC&pg=PA5}}</ref><ref name="MG">{{Cite book|edition=illustrated, revised|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|isbn=9780822511717|pages=80|last=Goldstein|first=Margaret J.|title=Lebanon in Pictures|series=Visual geography series|access-date=2009-10-08|year=2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8e2i6uu6wswC&pg=PA69}}</ref> |
!Poetic English translation<ref name="FA">{{Cite book|publisher=GRIN Verlag|isbn=9783638778602|pages=36|last=Farshad|first=Mohammad-Avvali|title=The Role of Art in the Struggle for National Identity in Lebanon|series=Akademische Schriftenreihe|access-date=2009-10-08|year=2007|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PDOGrsWMcAYC&pg=PA5}}</ref><ref name="MG">{{Cite book|edition=illustrated, revised|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|isbn=9780822511717|pages=80|last=Goldstein|first=Margaret J.|title=Lebanon in Pictures|series=Visual geography series|access-date=2009-10-08|year=2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8e2i6uu6wswC&pg=PA69}}</ref> |
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|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;" |
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;" |
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|<poem>{{lang|fr|italic=no|'''I''' |
|<poem>{{lang|fr|italic=no|'''I''' |
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And on [[List of wars involving Lebanon|the Day of Crisis]] they are as Lions of the Jungle. |
And on [[List of wars involving Lebanon|the Day of Crisis]] they are as Lions of the Jungle. |
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The heart of our East is ever Lebanon, |
The heart of our East is ever Lebanon, |
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God has preserved |
God has preserved him until the end of time. |
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{{yesitalic|{{small|'''Chorus'''}}}} |
{{yesitalic|{{small|'''Chorus'''}}}} |
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'''III''' |
'''III''' |
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The [[Middle East|Gems of the East]] are |
The [[Middle East|Gems of the East]] are his land and [[Mediterranean Sea|sea]]. |
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Throughout the world |
Throughout the world his good deeds flow from pole to pole. |
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And |
And his name is his glory since time began. |
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The [[Cedrus libani|cedar]]s are |
The [[Cedrus libani|cedar]]s are his pride, his immortality's symbol. |
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{{yesitalic|{{small|'''Chorus'''}}}}</poem> |
{{yesitalic|{{small|'''Chorus'''}}}}</poem> |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071223143435/http://www.presidency.gov.lb/presidency/symbols/nationalanthem/national.htm The National Anthem] – |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071223143435/http://www.presidency.gov.lb/presidency/symbols/nationalanthem/national.htm The National Anthem] – a page that is part of the official page of the Presidency of Lebanon. |
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*The [https://web.archive.org/web/20071008224502/http://www.lebarmy.gov.lb/English/songs.asp Hymns of the Army] page at the official website of the Lebanese Army. |
*The [https://web.archive.org/web/20071008224502/http://www.lebarmy.gov.lb/English/songs.asp Hymns of the Army] page at the official website of the Lebanese Army. |
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*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eno8eXYK48s Lebanese national anthem] |
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eno8eXYK48s Lebanese national anthem] (on [[YouTube]]) |
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{{Nationalanthemsofasia}} |
{{Nationalanthemsofasia}} |
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[[Category:Asian anthems|Lebanon]] |
[[Category:Asian anthems|Lebanon]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Music of Lebanon]] |
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[[Category:National symbols of Lebanon]] |
[[Category:National symbols of Lebanon]] |
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[[Category:National anthem compositions in G major]] |
Latest revision as of 04:32, 7 May 2024
النشيد الوطني اللبناني | |
National anthem of Lebanon | |
Lyrics | Rashid Nakhle |
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Music | Wadih Sabra, 1925 |
Adopted | 12 July 1927 |
Audio sample | |
U.S. Navy Band instrumental version |
The Lebanese National Anthem (Arabic: النشيد الوطني اللبناني, an-Našīd al-Waṭanī al-Lubnānī), officially known as "Koullouna lilouaṭaan lil oula lil alam", was written by Rashid Nakhle and composed by Wadih Sabra. It was adopted on 12 July 1927, seven years after the proclamation of the state of Greater Lebanon during the French mandate.
History[edit]
The Lebanese national anthem was chosen following an open nationwide competition. The result of the contest was published in newspapers.
Composition[edit]
The music of the national anthem is influenced by Beirut's exposure to Western culture by the end of the 19th century. It was composed by French-trained artist Wadia Sabra in 1925.[1] Rasha Al Karam of Al Jadid TV aired a mini-documentary about the Lebanese National Anthem, claiming that the music originated from a song dedicated to Abd el-Krim, President of the Republic of the Rif, and composed by Lebanese Mohammed Flayfel.
Lyrics[edit]
MSA original[2] | Romanization (EALL) | IPA transcription[a][3][b] | Literal English translation |
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١ |
I |
1 |
I |
French translation[4] | Poetic English translation[5][6] |
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I |
I |
Notes[edit]
- ^ See Help:IPA/Arabic
- ^ The anthem is usually sung using the MSA pronunciation instead of Lebanese Arabic.
References[edit]
- ^ Zuhur, Sherifa (2001). Colors of enchantment: theater, dance, music, and the visual arts of the Middle East (illustrated ed.). Cairo: American university in Cairo press. p. 456. ISBN 9789774246074. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
- ^ "The National Anthem". The Embassy of Lebanon. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ^ Transcriptions are based primarily on reliable sources from articles Arabic phonology, Arabic language and Help:IPA/Arabic. Therefore, it is not considered original research.
- ^ Wissam, Tarhini. "L'hymne national du Liban". Ministère libanais de l'Information (in French). Retrieved 23 August 2019.
- ^ Farshad, Mohammad-Avvali (2007). The Role of Art in the Struggle for National Identity in Lebanon. Akademische Schriftenreihe. GRIN Verlag. p. 36. ISBN 9783638778602. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
- ^ Goldstein, Margaret J. (2004). Lebanon in Pictures. Visual geography series (illustrated, revised ed.). Twenty-First Century Books. p. 80. ISBN 9780822511717. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
External links[edit]
- The National Anthem – a page that is part of the official page of the Presidency of Lebanon.
- The Hymns of the Army page at the official website of the Lebanese Army.
- Lebanese national anthem (on YouTube)