Döbling: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 48°15′59″N 16°19′22″E / 48.26639°N 16.32278°E / 48.26639; 16.32278
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Translation of Geography, Space allocation, Hills, Waterways - changed to Water bodies -, and District sectors edited and enhanced
→‎History: Translation enhanced
Line 99: Line 99:
The name "Döbling" relates to the lake of the Krottenbach stream,
The name "Döbling" relates to the lake of the Krottenbach stream,
while further possibility of interpretation derives from
while further possibility of interpretation derives from
[[Slavic languages|Old Slavic]] ''Toplica'' ( "warm stream").
[[Slavic languages|Old Slavic]] ''Toplica'' ( "warm stream"). Later spellings of the place-name were for example ''Toblich'', ''Töbling'' and ''Tepling''. In the formation of the district 1890/92,
⚫
the name was finally "Döbling", from the largest municipality, [[Oberdöbling]], in the incorporated district.
Later spellings of the place-name were for example ''Toblich'',
''Töbling'' and ''Tepling''. In the formation of the district 1890/92,
⚫
the name was finally "Döbling", from the largest municipality,
[[Oberdöbling]], in the incorporated district.
<!--GERMAN version 20Dec08:
<!--GERMAN version 20Dec08:
(===Etymologie===)
(===Etymologie===)
Line 110: Line 107:


=== Döbling in antiquity ===
=== Döbling in antiquity ===
The district Döbling had been settled over 5,000 years ago, while the area Döbling-[[Nussdorf, Vienna|Nußdorf]]-[[Heiligenstadt, Vienna|Heiligenstadt]] next to the area [[Simmering]]-[[Landstraße]] probably represents the oldest settlement area in the Vienna area. Known is that on the [[Leopoldsberg]] hill, a weapon-bearing village with a fortified tower existed in which the inhabitants of surrounding villages gathered at risk. About the residents of that time, little is known; science refers to them as makers of "Donauländischen" (Danube-land) culture; they were not however [[Indo-Germanic]]. These penetrated into the Vienna area until one thousand years later, where the resident population mixed with the immigrant [[Illyrians]] and [[Celts|Celtic]] people. The actions of the [[Roman Empire|Romans]], at the current site of Döbling, is revealed by several findings. So found were: in Heiligenstadt a fortified tower of the [[Limes (Roman Empire)|limes]] (border wall); in [[Sievering]] a [[Mithraeum]] temple was found; and excavations in Heiligenstadt's church revealed a Roman cemetery. In Sievering in Roman times, a great [[quarry]] existed, with a large worker settlement. A further means of subsistence of the population was the [[vineyard]], which presumably already operated before the Romans arrived. Otherwise, the people conducted agriculture for their own needs.
The district Döbling had been inhabited over 5,000 years ago, with the area Döbling–[[Nussdorf, Vienna|Nußdorf]]–[[Heiligenstadt, Vienna|Heiligenstadt]] (aside from the area [[Simmering]]-[[Landstraße]]) probably as oldest settlement area in the Vienna area. Known is that on the [[Leopoldsberg]] hill, an armed village with a fortified tower existed where the inhabitants of surrounding villages took refuge in the case of risk. About the residents of that time, little is known; science refers to them as members of "Donauländische" (Danube-land) culture. They, however, were not [[Indo-Germanic]]. Indo-european peoples penetrated into the Vienna area not until one thousand years later, where the resident population mixed with the immigrant [[Illyrians]] and [[Celts|Celtic]] people.
In the last years of the 1st century BC, the Vienna area became part of the [[Roman Empire]]. Starting in 9 AD, it belonged to [[Pannonia|Pannonia province]]. The activities of the [[Roman Empire|Romans]], at the current site of Döbling, are documented by several findings, such as: in Heiligenstadt, a fortified tower of the [[Limes (Roman Empire)|''limes'']] (border wall); in [[Sievering]], a [[Mithraeum]] temple was found; and excavations in Heiligenstadt's church revealed a Roman cemetery. In Sievering, a great [[quarry]] existed in Roman times, with a large worker settlement.
<!--GERMAN version 20Dec08:
(===Döbling in der Antike===)
Der Bezirk Döbling war bereits vor etwa 5.000 Jahren besiedelt, wobei das Gebiet Döbling-[[Nußdorf (Wien)|Nußdorf]]-[[Heiligenstadt (Wien)|Heiligenstadt]] neben dem Gebiet [[Simmering]]-[[Landstraße (Wien)|Landstraße]] wahrscheinlich das älteste Siedlungsgebiet im Wiener Raum darstellt. Bekannt ist, dass auf dem [[Leopoldsberg]] ein wehrhaftes Dorf mit einem Wehrturm bestand, bei dem sich die Bewohner der umliegenden Dörfer bei Gefahr sammelten. Über die damaligen Bewohner ist wenig bekannt, die Wissenschaft bezeichnet sie als Träger der „donauländischen Kultur“, sie waren jedoch keine [[Indogermanen]]. Diese drangen in den Wiener Raum erst tausend Jahre später ein, wobei sich die ansässigen Bevölkerung mit den eingewanderten [[Illyrer]]n und [[Kelten]] vermischte. Das Wirken der [[Römisches Reich|Römer]] auf dem heutigen Gebiet von Döbling ist durch mehrere Funde belegt. So befand sich in Heiligenstadt ein Wehrturm des [[Limes (Grenzwall)|Limes]], in [[Sievering]] wurde ein [[Mithräum]] gefunden und Ausgrabungen in der Heiligenstädter Kirche belegen einen römischen Friedhof. In Sievering befand sich zur Römerzeit ein großer [[Steinbruch]] mit einer größeren Arbeitersiedlung. Eine weitere Erwerbsquelle der Bevölkerung war der [[Weinbau]], der vermutlich bereits vor den Römern betrieben wurde. Ansonsten betrieben die Menschen [[Landwirtschaft]] für den Eigenbedarf.-->


A major source of subsistence of the population was [[Viticulture|wine growing]], which presumably already had been done before the Romans arrived. Otherwise, the people practised agriculture for their own needs.
In Roman times, the garrison town [[Vindobona]] was established to cover a part of today's 1st District, the [[Innere Stadt]]. Within the boundaries of Döbling a tower of the Roman defence wall, the [[Limes (Roman Empire)|limes]], remnants of a temple and tombstones from a cemetery have been unearthed. A quarry located in today's [[Sievering]] was operated in Roman times and would have been staffed by local quarry men.


=== Later events ===
=== Later events ===

Revision as of 22:54, 15 March 2023

Döbling
19th District of Vienna
Coat of arms of Döbling
Coat of arms
Location of the district within Vienna
Location of the district within Vienna
Coordinates: 48°15′59″N 16°19′22″E / 48.26639°N 16.32278°E / 48.26639; 16.32278
CountryAustria
CityVienna
Government
 • District DirectorDaniel Resch (ÖVP)
 • First DeputyRobert Wutzl (ÖVP)
 • Second DeputyThomas Mader (SPÖ)
 • Representation
   (48 Members)		ÖVP 19, SPÖ 14,
Green 8, NEOS, 5 FPÖ 2 [1]
Area
 • Total24.90 km2 (9.61 sq mi)
Population
 (2016-01-01)[2]
 • Total71,596
 • Density2,900/km2 (7,400/sq mi)
Postal code
A-1190
Address of
District Office		Grinzinger Allee 6
A-1190 Wien
Websitewww.wien.gv.at/bezirke/doebling

Döbling (German pronunciation: [ˈdøːblɪŋ] ⓘ) is the 19th District in the city of Vienna, Austria (German: 19. Bezirk, Döbling, Doebling). It is located on the north end from the central districts, north of the districts Alsergrund and Währing.[3] Döbling has some heavily populated urban areas with many residential buildings, and borders the Vienna Woods.[2][3] It hosts some of the most expensive residential areas such as Grinzing, Sievering, Neustift am Walde and Kaasgraben and is also the site of many Heurigen restaurants. There are also some large Gemeindebauten, including Vienna's most famous, the Karl-Marx-Hof.

Also located in Döbling is the American International School of Vienna, Lauder Business School and Q19 Shopping Center.

Geography

Location

Döbling is located in the northwest of Vienna and spans the slope of the Wienerwald (Vienna Woods) to the Danube and the Donaukanal (lit. 'Danube Canal') that make up the border of the district in the east. The Danube forms the border between Döbling and the district Floridsdorf, and the Canal forms the border to the district Brigittenau. At the Gürtel Bridge, crossing the Donaukanal, the district border turns southwest and separates Döbling in the south along Gürtel Road (lit. 'Belt Road') from the district Alsergrund. At Schrottenbachgasse the district turns towards the northwest and separates Döbling from the district Währing along the line Währinger Park–Hasenauerstraße–Peter-Jordan-Straße–Starkfriedgasse–Sommerhaidenweg. There is then a short stretch of border to the district Hernals at the edge of Vienna. In the northwest, the district borders on the municipality of Klosterneuburg, Lower Austria.

Space allocation

Nearly 32.6% of the Döbling district area is building land (compared to Vienna citywide as 33.3%). Of this, 85.2% are made up of housing areas; the proportion of business areas, as 2.2% of the district area, is very low (Vienna 7.6%). With a greenspace share of 51.8% (48.3% for Vienna), Döbling is the fifth greenest district of Vienna. Agricultural land accounts for 14.9% of district land, with vineyards playing the biggest role around Grinzing, Nußdorf, Sievering, Neustift am Walde, and Salmannsdorf. Further 25.4% of the district is forested, plus 5.3% in meadows, 2.7% in small gardens, 2.5% in parks, and 0.9% as sports and recreational areas. Of the remaining district territory, 11.0% are traffic/transport areas and 4.6% bodies of water. While the proportion of water is higher in relation to the whole city of Vienna, the proportion of traffic is below.

Leopoldsberg

Hills

Since the Vienna Woods make up a large portion of Döbling, numerous forested hills of Vienna are located within the district limits. Many lie on the border with Lower Austria and the neighboring districts. The highest summit is Hermannskogel (542 m, 1778 ft;) with an outlook tower; however, the symbols of Döbling are Kahlenberg (484 m, 1588 ft) with an outlook and a radio mast, and nearby Leopoldsberg (427 m, 1401 ft). Other hills in this region are: Reisenberg, Latisberg, Vogelsangberg, Dreimarkstein, and Nussberg. Besides, there are hills in partially built-up areas in Döbling, such as Hohe Warte in Heiligenstadt, Hungerberg in Grinzing, and Hackenberg in Sievering.

Schreiberbach stream before Nußdorf.

Water bodies

In the district zone, numerous streams originate, but now are mostly canalized or led underground in pipes. Originally they all flowed, with the exception of the Waldbach (forest stream), into the Danube Canal. Because the catchment areas of the streams lie in the sandstone zone of the Viennese forest, the streams can and were able to swell to a multiple of their normal water quantity, leading again and again to destructive flood waters, especially along the Krottenbach. Krottenbach was the most important stream in Döbling, and is now almost entirely led in pipes. In the area behind Billrothstraße Federal Secondary School, it absorbs the Arbesbach (Erbsenbach) stream that runs through Sievering, in its upper reaches still flowing openly until Obersievering.

Nesselbach passes to the Krapfenwaldl openly, before it unites underground with the Reisenbergbach stream in Grinzing. Reisenbergbach stream passes openly until shortly before the center of Grinzing. Almost entirely in the open, the Schreiberbach stream passes up to Nußdorf, as does the Waldbach stream at Kahlenbergerdorf.

The Döblinger Bach stream that originally sprang in the Cottage area and flowed into the Danube Canal at Spittelau has entirely disappeared because its water has been diverted.

District sectors

Döbling map of district sectors

Döbling was composed of these formerly independent municipalities:

   

History

Etymology

Döbling was first mentioned in 1114 as "de Teopilic". The name derives from the Slavic * topl’ika ("swampy waters" or "swampy place").[4] The name "Döbling" relates to the lake of the Krottenbach stream, while further possibility of interpretation derives from Old Slavic Toplica ( "warm stream"). Later spellings of the place-name were for example Toblich, Töbling and Tepling. In the formation of the district 1890/92, the name was finally "Döbling", from the largest municipality, Oberdöbling, in the incorporated district.

Dreimarksteingasse (street), center of town Salmannsdorf.

Döbling in antiquity

The district Döbling had been inhabited over 5,000 years ago, with the area Döbling–Nußdorf–Heiligenstadt (aside from the area Simmering-Landstraße) probably as oldest settlement area in the Vienna area. Known is that on the Leopoldsberg hill, an armed village with a fortified tower existed where the inhabitants of surrounding villages took refuge in the case of risk. About the residents of that time, little is known; science refers to them as members of "Donauländische" (Danube-land) culture. They, however, were not Indo-Germanic. Indo-european peoples penetrated into the Vienna area not until one thousand years later, where the resident population mixed with the immigrant Illyrians and Celtic people.

In the last years of the 1st century BC, the Vienna area became part of the Roman Empire. Starting in 9 AD, it belonged to Pannonia province. The activities of the Romans, at the current site of Döbling, are documented by several findings, such as: in Heiligenstadt, a fortified tower of the limes (border wall); in Sievering, a Mithraeum temple was found; and excavations in Heiligenstadt's church revealed a Roman cemetery. In Sievering, a great quarry existed in Roman times, with a large worker settlement.

A major source of subsistence of the population was wine growing, which presumably already had been done before the Romans arrived. Otherwise, the people practised agriculture for their own needs.

Later events

Throughout the centuries the suburb, due to its strategic location (elevated in respect to the centre of Vienna) was occupied and often looted. The decisive encounter of the Battle of Vienna in 1683 was fought on September 12, between Jan III Sobieski and the forces of the Ottoman Empire, commanded by the Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha.

Politics

District Directors from 1945
Josef Friedl 1891–1894 Karl Mark (SPÖ) 4/45–10/45
Johann Österreicher 1894–1895 Karl Schwendner (SPÖ) 10/45–1960
Peter Langweber 1895–1903 Franz Opfermann (SPÖ) 1960–1965
Wenzel Kuhn 1903–1919 Franz Weber (SPÖ) 1965–1975
Josef Seleskowitsch 1919–1934 Richard Stockinger (SPÖ) 1975–1978
Franz Karasek 1934–1938 Adolf Tiller (ÖVP) 1978–2018
Adolf Judex 1938–1939 Daniel Resch (ÖVP) 2018-

At the 2010 elections the FPÖ won 6.3% and reached 14.7% The Greens lost 0.3% and now have 13.6%. The ÖVP lost dramatically 4.3% and now only has 36.4%, the SPÖ lost 2.5% and now only has 31.8%. The BZÖ could practically double itself through winning of 0.6% up to now 1,3%, whereas the KPÖ reached 0.8% and is stagnating.

Social development

Due to the hilly terrain, large forested areas - used as hunting grounds by the nobility - remained between the creeks and villages, spread throughout the district. The topology also attracted wine growers. This combination increased the prosperity of the suburb, as noblemen built villas and hunting lodges whilst the burghers of Vienna relaxed at the Heurigen wine-gardens. The existing villages expanded, as the population increased, until the district "Döbling" was established at the end of the 19th century, in 1892.

In the following years, Döbling developed as a district for the prosperous middle and upper class. In the period of the First Republic between World War I and World War II the Social Democrats also planned and erected many blocks of public housing. The Karl-Marx-Hof is one of the largest of these settlements (Siedlungen). The suburb of Döbling had a high percentage of Jewish residents and maintained a synagogue in the district. In the Reichskristallnacht this synagogue (like almost all others in Vienna) was destroyed.

Religious preferences

Roman Catholic parish church in Grinzing

The distribution of religious preferences of the population in the 19th District, in 2001, differed most from the average in Vienna. With 55.7% of residents being Roman Catholic (Vienna: 49.2%), it is the second highest of all districts of Vienna. There are 11 districts of Roman Catholic parishes, the city Deanery 19 images. Also, the percentage of people with Protestant religion reached 6.5%, as one of the highest values of the districts in Vienna. The proportion of people with different religions are 4.0% known to Islam, 3.2% for the orthodoxy. About 23.8% said they had no religious community.

Education

The Japanische garden in Wien, the Japanese garden, is located in Döbling.[5]

Notable residents

See also: Category:People from Döbling and Category:People from Vienna

Sights

Sports

First Vienna F.C. are based in the district. Established on 22 August 1894, it is the country's oldest team and has played a notable role in the history of the game in Austria. They play at the Hohe Warte Stadium in Heiligenstadt, home of Vienna Vikings American football team.

Notes

  1. ^ "Bezirksvertretungswahlen 2020". wien.gv.at. Retrieved December 4, 2021.
  2. ^ a b Statistik Austria, 2008, website: "STATISTIK AUSTRIA - Bevölkerung zu Jahres-/Quartalsanfang". Archived from the original on 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2008-12-25. (in German: population is "Einwohner").
  3. ^ a b Wien.gv.at webpage (see below: References).
  4. ^ Heinz D. Pohl: Slawische und slowenische (alpenslawische) Ortsnamen in Österreich Archived 2008-04-28 at the Wayback Machine.
  5. ^ ." Japanische garden in Wien. Retrieved on 2 January 2014. "Ｐｒａｎｄａｕｇａｓｓｅ 2 １２２０ Ｗｉｅｎ AUSTRIA"

References

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Döbling&oldid=1144851936"