Kahlenbergerdorf
The Kahlenbergerdorf was until 1891 an independent municipality and is since then in part since 1954 in its entirety, a district of Vienna on the northern edge of the 19th district of Vienna , Döbling (as well as one of the 89 Wiener cadastral ). Here, in the direct vicinity of Klosterneuburg , is the northernmost part of the city on the right bank of the Danube .
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geography
The place is on the northern edge of Vienna on the right bank of the Danube between the Nussberg and the Leopoldsberg in the Waldbachtal. In the north, the Klosterneuburg district of Weidling borders the place and in the east, across the Danube, the Floridsdorf district of Jedlesee . In the south of the Kahlenbergerdorf lies the Döblinger district of Nussdorf and in the west Josefsdorf . The parish cemetery Kahlenbergerdorf is located in the vineyards above the town center .
The cadastral community of Kahlenbergerdorf extends over an area of 226.01 hectares . Your area belongs to the statistical census district Nussdorf-Kahlenbergerdorf.
history
Origin of name
The name of the place has been Kahlenbergerdörfl for centuries. The place was first mentioned in 1133/36 as de Chalwenperge (1277 Challenperge ). The Leopoldsberg was called Kahlenberg until 1693 and should not be confused with today's neighboring Kahlenberg , in which the Kahlenbergerdorf has no territorial share.
The village in the Middle Ages
In the 12th century, the Chalenperger family appeared in the village. The residents were farmers who mainly produced for their own needs. Wine and fruit were grown for sale . At the end of the 12th century, viticulture on what was then Kahlenberg had already started on a large scale. The Babenberger -Margrave, who had resided in Klosterneuburg, and from 1156 the Duke of Austria , who resided in Vienna, and the Klosterneuburg Monastery maintained many vineyards. The monastery even had its own wine press, which however, at the request of the sovereign, left it to him. In the period that followed, numerous other monasteries and churches came into possession of vineyards in the Kahlenbergerdorf, such as Zwettl , Lilienfeld , Kremsmünster , St. Bernhard and St. Dorothea.
From 1330 to 1339 Gundacker von Thernberg, known as the “Pfaff vom Kahlenberg”, was a pastor in the Kahlenbergerdorf. Philipp Frankfurter wrote down the anecdotes surrounding the pastor in the 15th century ( Des pfaffen geschicht und histori vom Kalenberg ).
The village in modern times
For a few decades, mining was also carried out in the Kahlenbergerdorf ; It is documented from 1547 to 1618. Initially, the sources only mentioned ore in general , later silver . However, the deposit on today's Leopoldsberg was so modest that it was soon considered exhausted.
The Kahlenbergerdorf church, first mentioned in 1256 as an independent parish, was destroyed in 1529 during the first Turkish siege of Vienna and subsequently rebuilt. During the second Turkish siege , in 1683, the completed part of the church on today's Leopoldsberg was destroyed by the opposing soldiers. In 1693, the mountain previously known as Kahlenberg or Kalenberg was given the name Leopoldsberg , and the neighboring Sauberg became the new Kahlenberg .
After a hermitage of the Camaldolese on the Kahlenberg was closed, the area was assigned as a construction site, on which a small settlement was established, which in 1784 was named Josefsdorf in honor of Emperor Joseph II .
Due to its location on the edge of the narrow valley between the Danube and Leopoldsberg, the Kahlenbergerdorf was able to retain its original appearance. It also grew less rapidly than other villages in the area. It is possible that floods caused by the Danube floods caused the place to shrink in the 18th century. In 1795 the place had 24 houses, in 1831 only five more with 234 inhabitants. In 1848/49 the feudal rulership was dissolved; the village was now an independent, autonomous municipality in the Archduchy of Austria under the Enns until 1892 . By 1890 the place grew to 52 houses with 486 people.
In 1870 the Franz-Josefs-Bahn , which runs along the right bank of the Danube , was opened. It had the Kahlenbergerdorf stop at a distance of 5,853 kilometers, which was integrated into the Viennese steam light rail network from 1898 to 1918 and was closed in 2004.
In 1892 the Kahlenbergerdorf was incorporated into Vienna up to the nose of the Leopoldsberg with the neighboring Viennese suburbs Sievering , Grinzing , Oberdöbling , Unterdöbling , Nussdorf and Heiligenstadt . The places mentioned now formed the 19th district of Vienna, Döbling. The rest of the Kahlenbergerdorf came to Klosterneuburg at that time.
Because of its location on the banks of the Danube, the place often suffered from floods, which led to heavy flooding. The installation of the Kuchelau port , 1901–1903, a port and waiting port for the entrance to the Danube Canal , however, provided effective flood protection. Since 1930, the Kahlenbergerdorf has owned the Kahlenbergerdorf police station as a location for the Vienna fire brigade .
1938–1954, the northern neighboring town of Klosterneuburg was part of Greater Vienna established by the Nazi regime , so that the Kahlenbergerdorf was not on the city limits during those years. In the course of the dissolution of NS-Greater Vienna (which had been delayed from 1946 to 1954 due to the objection of the Soviet occupying power ), the border between Vienna and Klosterneuburg was no longer drawn in its position before 1938, but moved from the nose to the Danube station ; since then, the northeastern steep drop of the Leopoldsberg to the Danube belongs to Vienna and thus to the Kahlenbergerdorf. 1945–1955 the 19th district was part of the American sector of Vienna.
Since 1985, the S-Bahn traffic on the Franz-Josefs-Bahn, started for a short time in 1965, has been increased. In S-Bahn operations, the line is now number S40. Individual traffic has increased enormously on Heiligenstädter Strasse as a connection from Vienna to Klosterneuburg and other places on the right bank of the Danube above Vienna since the 1960s; the road was expanded to four lanes. Since the S-Bahn station was closed in 2004, the Kahlenbergerdorf has only been served by regional bus routes between the Heiligenstadt train station and Klosterneuburg, which can be used from the city center to Kahlenbergerdorf at the Wiener Linien tariff . The place is the tariff limit of the "core zone" 100 of the Verkehrsverbund Ost-Region .
economy
Around 1800, almost half of the community area was covered with forest and a quarter with vineyards. Orchards and fields together made up less than ten percent. While viticulture was also dominant, a brewery was planned in the 19th century . After the approval in 1839, however, alcohol was produced instead of beer and then vinegar . Production ran until around 1860. In addition, there was a sugar factory in Kahlenbergerdorf from 1834 to around 1870.
With the construction of the Kuchelau harbor around 1900, the Kahlenbergerdorf should also benefit from shipping. However, the port was never able to achieve the status of the Nussdorf port. Planned as a pre and waiting port for the port of Freudenau , it was intended for many, but small ships, but until the Second World War it could only be of importance for the timber trade. After 1945 it became a leisure port for rowing clubs and motor boats .
literature
- Harald Schwarz: Kahlenbergerdorf in the 19th century. Vienna 1985 (Vienna, university, dissertation, 1985).
- Wolfgang Retler, Kristian Sotriffer : A village near Vienna. Edition Tusch, Vienna 1981, ISBN 3-85063-110-9 .
Web links
- Entry on Kahlenbergerdorf in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
- Old views of the Kahlenbergerdorf
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kahlenbergerdorfer Anniversaries. On: kahlenbergerdorf.at. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
Grinzing |
Heiligenstadt |
Josefsdorf |
Kahlenbergerdorf |
Neustift am Walde |
Nussdorf |
Oberdöbling |
Salmannsdorf |
Sievering (KG Ober- and KG Untersievering) |
Unterdöbling
Glanzing (part of Pötzleinsdorf in Döbling )
Coordinates: 48 ° 16 ' N , 16 ° 21' E