Šmolovy
| Šmolovy | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Kraj Vysočina | ||||
| District : | Havlíčkův Brod | ||||
| Municipality : | Havlíčkův Brod | ||||
| Area : | 467 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 35 ' N , 15 ° 33' E | ||||
| Height: | 485 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 531 (2011) | ||||
| Postal code : | 580 01 | ||||
| License plate : | J | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Havlíčkův Brod - Humpolec | ||||
| Railway connection: | Havlíčkův Brod – Humpolec | ||||
.jpg)
Šmolovy (German Schmolow , 1939–45 Schmalhof ) is a district of the city Havlíčkův Brod in the Czech Republic. It is located three kilometers southwest of the city center of Havlíčkův Brod and belongs to the Okres Havlíčkův Brod .
geography
Šmolovy is located on a ridge in the Hornosázavská pahorkatina ( hill country on the upper Sázava ). To the east lies the valley of the Žabinec brook, to the west that of the Úsobský potok. The state road I / 34 between Havlíčkův Brod and Humpolec runs through the village . The Havlíčkův Brod – Humpolec railway line runs to the east, and the stop there is called Dolík .
Neighboring towns are Poděbaby, Občiny and Dolní Papšíkov in the north, Dolík in the northeast, U Svobodů, U Žaboru, U Straků and Nový Dvorek in the east, U Culkú, Svatý Kříž and Petrkov in the southeast, Lípa and Malá Lípa in the south, Michalovice and Kvasetice in the south Southwest, Na Horkách, Červený Dvorek and U Chrasti in the west and Hurtova Lhota and Klanečná in the northwest.
history
After the town of Brod Smilonis was founded, in the middle of the 13th century, a belt of individual farms belonging to the citizens of Broder was laid out in its soft patch at a distance of one to two kilometers. The farms were not managed by the citizens themselves, but by free leaseholders who paid a fixed lap . The courtiers were initially completely free peasants and in the 14th century became subordinate to almost all obligations of the landlord. In contrast to the Bohemian courtyards , the courtiers were not enfeoffed by the land , they were in a hereditary emphyteutical relationship with the owners . The legal status of the courtiers is comparable to that of the Künischen free peasants , nowhere else in the Kingdom of Bohemia were the free courts as densely as around Brod Smilonis . It is assumed that the farms within sight of the mountain town were fortified and also served to protect them and to warn of approaching enemy troops.
The first written mention of the Chudenhof was in 1382 as the property of Henzlin Czwikovi, who also owned the meadows on the border to the Vallis Sancta Mariae monastery . He sold the farm to Hermann von Kuttenberg in 1391. After the town of Deutschbrod had been conquered and destroyed by the Hussites under Jan Žižka in 1422 , Nikolaus Trčka von Lípa took possession of the town's property and added it to his Lipnitz castle . Most of the courtiers he made subservient to his farms Chlístov and Klanečná. In 1484 the Lords Trčka von Lípa sold the Schmalhof or Chudobný dvůr to the Rychtář von Deutschbrod. The Schmalhof then remained in the possession of the Zemanen Smolovský von Smolov until Adam von Smolov sold it to his neighbor in Broder in 1534. The Schmalhof was probably given up after this time and became extinct, even in the land register of the Světlá rule from 1591 it is no longer mentioned. The Schmalhofer corridors with an extension of 97 lines were divided among the surrounding courtiers.
During the Thirty Years' War, the courtiers in the desert around Brod were separated from the Světlá rule and assigned to the Okrouhlice estate . At the beginning of the 18th century, the owner of the Okrouhlice estate, Johann Peter Straka von Nedabylic and Libčan , had the desolate Schmalhof repopulated . In 1719 the new settlement consisted of three farmers - Tomáš Adamec (32 lines), Jiřík Stárek (42 lines) and Jan Přibyl (18 lines), who gave their fields to the surrounding courtiers Vítův and Urban ( Dolík ), Pecen, Valenta ( U Straků ) and Panský had bought. In 1749 there were still three farms in Schmolow , only the owners had changed. In the second half of the 18th century, Schmolow began to be expanded into a village structure; by 1770 the first three chaluppets had been added, another eight were built by 1786.
After the Count Straka von Nedabylic family died out, the three estates Okrauhlitz , Liebtschan and Ober Weckelsdorf were administered as Graf Straka Gestift from 1771 . Since the Straka Academy had not come into being, in 1782, by order of Emperor Joseph II, an annual scholarship was awarded from the proceeds of the three estates for studying Bohemian youth of the aristocratic class in all kk hereditary lands. In 1792 the three foundations were placed under the administration of the Bohemian Estates State Committee.
In 1840 the village Schmollow or Schmalhof in the Caslauer Kreis consisted of 33 houses in which 260 people lived. The parish was Teutschbrod . Until the middle of the 19th century, the village remained subordinate to the Okrauhlitz foundation .
After the abolition of patrimonial Šmolov formed from 1849 a district of the community Okrouhličtí Dvořáci in the judicial district Deutschbrod . From 1868 the place belonged to the district Deutschbrod . In 1869 Šmolov had 209 inhabitants and consisted of 33 houses. In 1900 there were 201 people living in Šmolov , in 1910 there were 212. In 1924 the place name was changed to Šmolovy . In 1930 Šmolovy had 217 inhabitants and consisted of 41 houses. On July 1, 1960 Okrouhličtí Dvořáci was incorporated into Havlíčkův Brod; the district Šmolovy was separated and assigned to the municipality Michalovice . On April 30, 1976 it was incorporated into Havlíčkův Brod. The number of houses in Šmolovy tripled in the second half of the 20th century due to the construction of numerous settlement houses. In the 2001 census, 449 people lived in the village's 130 houses.
Local division
The residential areas Dolík, Polsko, U Culků, U Straků, U Svobodů and U Vránů belong to Šmolovy.
The district forms the cadastral district Šmolovy u Havlíčkova Brodu .
Attractions
- Bell tree in Šmolovy
- Mountain Chapel in Dolík
- Stone cross at Dolík
- Reservoir Žabinec
literature
- Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, p. 552
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/693987/Smolovy-u-Havlickova-Brodu
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 11: Caslauer Kreis. Ehrlich, Prague 1843, p. 235.
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/693987/Smolovy-u-Havlickova-Brodu