Libčany

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Libčany
Libčany coat of arms
Libčany (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Královéhradecký kraj
District : Hradec Králové
Area : 505.7632 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 12 '  N , 15 ° 42'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 11 '30 "  N , 15 ° 41' 42"  E
Height: 264  m nm
Residents : 905 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code : 503 22 - 503 27
License plate : H
traffic
Street: Praskačka - Boharyně
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 2
administration
Mayor : Jaroslava Slavíková (as of 2017)
Address: Libčany 80
503 22 Libčany
Municipality number: 570249
Website : www.libcany.cz
Place view
Church of the Assumption
Bell tower

Libčany (German Liebtschan , also Libtschan ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located ten kilometers southwest of the city center of Hradec Králové and belongs to the Okres Hradec Králové .

geography

The village of Libčany, surrounded by forests and orchards, is located at the western foot of the Kavkaz hill (284 m nm) in the Východolabská tabule (table land on the eastern Elbe ). The Kozí kopec ( Geisberg , 286 m nm) rises to the northwest . The Libčanský creek rises north of the village; it is dammed near Libčany in the Brigádnik and Kočár ponds. Silnice I / 11 runs two kilometers south .

Neighboring towns are Hrádek and Radíkovice in the north, Těchlovice and Stěžery in the northeast, Hřibsko and Hvozdnice in the east, Urbanice in the southeast, Lhota pod Libčany in the south, Roudnice in the southwest, Puchlovice and Želí in the west and Mlýnek, Nový Radostov and Starý Radostov and north-east.

history

Archaeological finds prove an early settlement of the community area. A body grave was found from the time of the Aunjetitz culture .

The first written mention of Libčany was in 1073 in the founding deed of the Opatowitz monastery ; the village belonged to the initial endowment of the Benedictine monastery. In the center of the village there was a medieval fortress on a promontory surrounded by a pond, which in 1410 belonged to the Bussek of Libčany. After the monastery was destroyed in 1421 during the Hussite Wars , various lower nobles took turns as owners of the property. In 1541 the city of Königgrätz acquired the Libčany estate. During the suppression of the Bohemian uprising in 1547, imperial troops plundered Libčany. The old fortress ( lower fortress ) burned down and was no longer rebuilt. Because of the town's participation in the uprising, Emperor Ferdinand I confiscated all of Königgrätz's town goods in the same year and sold most of the drawn-in villages to Johann von Pernstein . His three sons sold most of it at a profit; The new owner of Libčany in 1549 was Jindřich Nejedlý von Vysoká, imperial mayor of Königgrätz, who had a new fortress ( Upper Fortress ) built. Around 1600 the Lords of Daupowitz bought the estate from Gut. After the Battle of White Mountain , the estate was because of the participation of Wilhelm d. J. von Daupowitz was confiscated at the uprising of 1618 and sold to Maximilian von Černowitz for 11,396 shock. Swedish troops looted the village in 1642. After the end of the Thirty Years' War there were only four farmers left in Libčany, the other farms were deserted. During this time the Třesetitz manor was attached to Libčany. 1674 inherited Myslibor Peter Straka von Nedabylic Libčany from his wife Johanna Dorothea, née Nejedlý von Vysoká. The next owner was Johann Peter Straka von Nedabylic (1645–1720); In his will, laid down in 1710, he ordered the establishment of the Straka Foundation for the establishment of a noble knight academy for young impoverished aristocrats. In addition to his estates Liebtschan, Okrauhlitz and Ober Weckelsdorf , whose value was estimated at 377,000 guilders, cash assets of 38,542 guilders also flowed into this . After the Count Straka von Nedabylic family died out, the three estates were administered as the Count Straka Foundation from 1771 . In 1782, by order of Emperor Joseph I , an annual scholarship was awarded from the proceeds of the three estates for studying Bohemian youths of the aristocratic class in all kk hereditary lands, which was granted in the lower schools in the amount of 200 guilders and in the higher schools in the amount of 300 guilders has been. The benefactor's relatives were the main beneficiaries, but also other young Bohemian nobles from the gentry and knighthood. The right of presentation was mutually due to the emperor and the Bohemian estates. During the peasant uprising of 1775, the rebels, led by Matěj Chvojka, devastated the castle, causing damage of over 2012 florins. In 1792 the three foundations were placed under the administration of the Bohemian Estates State Committee. The five Meierhöfe in Liebtschan, Třesetitz, Wosnitz , Sedlitz and Krasnitz were partly distributed to subjects free of charge in 1792, partly sold emphatically in 1798 . Viticulture was given up in 1792.

In 1833, the Liebtschan foundation estate comprised a usable area of ​​3481 yoke 575 square fathoms. The forests belonging to the estate were managed by two forest districts - the Praskatschker and the Třesetitz district; however, due to their proximity to the fortresses Königgrätz and Josefstadt, they were heavily cleared for fascine construction during the Napoleonic Wars . In the area in the villages of Liebtschan, Schelly , Wosnitz , Urbanitz , Praskatschka , Sedletz , Krasnitz , Schischkowitz and Třesetitz as well as a part of Lhota unter Liebtschan (2 houses) a total of 1985 Czech-speaking people, including two Jewish families, lived. The main source of income was agriculture and horse breeding.

In 1835 the village of Liebtschan or Libtschan , also called Lipschan , Libčan or Libčany , in the Königgrätzer district , consisted of 64 houses in which 519 people, including two Jewish families, lived. The Church of the Assumption and the school were under the patronage of the Bohemian Estates State Committee. There was also an official castle, a temporary leased brewery, an emphyteutic brandy house, an emphyteutic windmill and an inn. Liebtschan was the parish for Schelly, Wosnitz, Urbanitz, Hřibsko , Tiechlowitz , Radikowitz , Radostow , Raudnitz , Lhota under Liebtschan and Hubenitz . Until the middle of the 19th century, Liebtschan was the official place of the dominion of the same name.

After the abolition of patrimonial Libčany formed from 1849 a municipality in the judicial district of Nechanitz . Although the village was spared, the inhabitants fled into the forest during the German War in the summer of 1866 because of the news of the strong deployment of troops near Königgrätz . From 1868 the community belonged to the Königgrätz district . In 1886 the property was sold to Johann Nepomuk von Harrach . During the German occupation there was a POW camp for Italians in Libčany between 1943 and 1945. The approximately 600 prisoners worked on the construction of an airfield between Želí and Roudnice.

1949 Libčany was assigned to the Okres Hradec Králové-okolí; this was repealed in the course of the territorial reform of 1960, since then the municipality has belonged to Okres Hradec Králové. In 1961 Hvozdnice and Želí were incorporated, in 1985 Radíkovice and Radostov were added. At the beginning of 1992 Hvozdnice, Radíkovice and Radostov broke away from Libčany and formed their own communities. Since 2002 the community has had a coat of arms and a banner. Today around 270 children are cared for in the primary school and kindergarten.

Community structure

The municipality Libčany consists of the districts Libčany ( Liebtschan ) and Želí ( Schelly , 1939–45 Schell ), which also form cadastral districts.

Partner communities

Attractions

  • Church of the Assumption of Mary, the Romanesque church building was built at the beginning of the 13th century and rebuilt at the transition from the 15th to the 16th century. The south wall of the nave is structured by a Romanesque portal and uneven arcades. On the west side there is a portal from the transition from the 15th to the 16th century. The choir is supported by two pillars. The interior dates from the 18th century. The high altar is adorned with a tomb of the Redeemer created by Matthias Bernhard Braun in the 1730s with sandstone figures of the Virgin Mary and the twelve apostles. The mural behind the main altar was created around 1750. The tomb for Johann Peter Straka von Nedabylic, integrated into a column of the triumphal arch , also comes from Braun. The church is surrounded by a cemetery, where the peasant leader Matěj Chvojka was buried in 1791.
  • Wooden bell tower, next to the church
  • Rectory, built in 1799
  • Former Libčany Castle, at the end of the 17th century the Straka von Nedabylic had the Upper Fortress transformed into a small single-storey baroque castle. After the fire of 1762 it was rebuilt and in 1775 it was devastated by insurgent farmers. After Count Straka von Nedabylic died out, the chateau served as the seat of the administrative office for the Libčany Foundation. Johann Nepomuk von Harrach, who bought the castle in 1886, had the archive and the building management of the Sadová manor house there. Between 1893 and 1895, the young Jaroslav Durych lived with his uncle in the castle. The castle remained in the possession of the Harrach family until 1929. After the castle was nationalized in 1945, it was used as a kindergarten. Between 1971 and 1975 the palace was radically converted into a primary school with a kindergarten; the building was raised by one floor and a side wing was added. The historical appearance and the value of the building as a historical monument were also lost. The only remaining part of the building is the arbor facing the palace garden.

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Zdeňek Wirth (1878–1961), historian
  • Vojtěch Sedláček (1892–1973), painter

Web links

Commons : Libčany  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/570249/Libcany
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer , Franz Xaver Maximilian Zippe: The Kingdom of Böhmen. Statistically and topographically presented, Vol. 4 Königgrätzer Kreis , Prague 1836, pp. 35–39
  4. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer , Franz Xaver Maximilian Zippe: The Kingdom of Böhmen. Statistically and topographically presented, vol. 4 Königgrätzer Kreis , Prague 1836, p. 39
  5. ↑ http://www.libcany.cz/web/index.php/o-obci/znak-a-prapor.html
  6. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/570249/Obec-Libcany
  7. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/570249/Obec-Libcany
  8. ↑ http://www.libcany.cz/web/index.php/o-obci/partnerske-obce.html