Adolf Glaßbrenner

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Engraving by Adolf Glaßbrenner with signature (year unknown)

Adolf Glaßbrenner (born March 27, 1810 in Berlin as Georg Adolph Theodor Glasbrenner ; † September 25, 1876 ibid) was a German humorist and satirist , “the inventor of the mischievous type, the recorder of the Biedermeier Berlin, even the father of the Berlin joke ". He created his most famous work from 1832 to 1850 with the series Berlin as it is and - drinks under the pseudonym "Brennglas". A total of 32 issues were published in Berlin and Leipzig, some of them with caricatures by Theodor Hosemann . The booklets were similar in contentLife and goings-on in the fine world from 1834 and Berlin folk life from 1848 to 1851.

Live and act

Glass burner at a young age
Memorial plaque on Gendarmenmarkt in Berlin-Mitte

Origin and education

Adolf Glaßbrenner was born at Leipziger Strasse 31 in the "House of the Flying Horse". His parents were the 40-year-old master tailor Georg Peter Glasbrenner and the 29-year-old Christiane Louise Juliane, née Hopfe. They had their son baptized on April 18 in the New Church on Gendarmenmarkt in the name of Georg Adolph Theodor . Adolf had three brothers: Julius, Hermann and Theodor.

Glaßbrenner attended the Friedrich-Werder grammar school and met Karl Gutzkow there . He remained friends with his school friend even after dropping out of high school. Since his father could no longer finance school attendance in 1824, Adolf Glaßbrenner left grammar school and began a commercial apprenticeship in the Gabain silk shop on Breite Strasse .

Politics in the magazine

In the summer of 1827 Adolf Glaßbrenner's first “publication” appeared - from that point on he wrote puzzles for the “Ladies Sphynx” section for the Berliner Courier . Some commissioned works followed, mainly obituaries in poetry. In 1829 he took the opportunity to work on the newly founded Berlin Eulenspiegel , which positioned itself against Prussia. Glaßbrenner published critical texts under the pseudonym Adolf Brennglas . Despite being renamed twice, the magazine was banned, and so in 1830 he decided to become a journalist and freelance writer himself .

On October 3, 1831, he therefore submitted a petition to the police chief in which he asked for permission to publish his own magazine; stating that they do not want to publish any political content in the paper. The application was successful, and Adolf Glaßbrenner had been the editor of Don Quixote in Berlin since January 1832 - an entertainment paper for educated classes . It appeared first two, then four times a week. Because of political allusions, Glaßbrenner was repeatedly warned and at the end of 1833 he was banned from practicing for five years .

As a result, he wrote pennies very successfully , most of which appeared in the Berlin dialect . Because of his political and moral satire, Adolf Glaßbrenner was repeatedly censored .

In exile

Since his marriage on September 15, 1840, Glaßbrenner lived with the actress Adele Peroni in Neustrelitz in Mecklenburg . There he wrote his most successful work, Neuer Reineke Fuchs , which was banned immediately after publication, and the majority of the series booklets Berlin as it is and - drinks . He was one of the leading democrats in Neustrelitz during the March Revolution of 1848/49 and was expelled from the country in autumn 1850. From 1850 he published humorous magazines in Hamburg. He did not return to Berlin until 1858, and from 1868 onwards he published the Berliner Monday newspaper . In 1869 he handed over the editorial responsibility for the newspaper to Richard Schmidt-Cabanis , who continued the paper until 1883 after Glaßbrenner's death. Already in Berlin he joined the Freemasons Association. In Hamburg he became a member of the Masonic Lodge Zum Pelikan .

Death and grave

Honorary grave of Adolf Glaßbrenner in Berlin-Kreuzberg

Adolf Glaßbrenner died in Berlin in 1876 at the age of 66. His grave is in Cemetery III of the Jerusalem and New Church in Berlin-Kreuzberg . An obelisk made of polished black granite serves as the gravestone, in the front of which a portrait tondo is embedded, which presents the deceased in a naturalistic manner from a frontal view. In addition to Glaßbrenner, his wife Adele Glaßbrenner-Peroni was buried in 1895, but her separate grave site was removed in 1928. Her heart-shaped marble grave tablet with rose and laurel branches as a border is now attached to the base of her husband's grave monument.

By resolution of the Berlin Senate , the last resting place of Adolf Glaßbrenner (grave location 312-17-20 / 21) has been dedicated as an honorary grave of the State of Berlin since 1952 . The dedication was extended in 2016 by the now usual period of twenty years.

Works

  • Berlin as it is and - drinks . 30 issues, 1832–1850, published in Berlin and Leipzig (some with covers by Theodor Hosemann )
  • From the papers of an executed man , 1834
  • Pictures and dreams from Vienna , 1836
  • German songbook , 1837
  • Colorful Berlin . 14 issues, 1837-1853
  • From the life of a ghost , 1838
  • Berlin stories and life pictures , 1838
  • Mr. Buffey in the Berlin art exhibition , 4 vols., 1838/39
  • The Berlin Trade Exhibition , 1844
  • Forbidden Songs , (Poems), 1844
  • New Reineke Fuchs , 1846
  • Funny folk calendar , 1846–1867
  • March Almanac , 1849
  • Kaspar, the man , 1850 (comedy)
  • Laughing Children , 1850
  • Xenia of the Present , Hamburg 1850
  • Funny fibula , 1850
  • Die Insel Marzipan , 1851 (A 5 Evening Fairy Tale) Text and reading
  • Poems , 1851
  • Weird Thousand and One Nights , 1854
  • Talking animals , 1854 ( digitized version )
  • The upside-down world , 1855 (poem)
  • Humorous chat , 1855

Posthumous editions

literature

  • Biography:
  • Work editions:
    • Adolf Glaßbrenner: informing the nation . Selected works and letters in three volumes. With contemporary illustrations. Ed. Horst Denkler u. a. Cologne 1981.
    • Adolf Glaßbrenner: World in a peep box . Selected works in two volumes. With contemporary illustrations. Edited by Gert Ueding. Frankfurt a. M. / Berlin / Vienna 1985.
  • Lexicon entries / bibliography:
  • Glass burner . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 7, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 408.
    • G [isela] M [aterna]: Glaßbrenner, George Adolf . In: Deutsches Writer Lexicon 1830–1880 (Goedeckes plan for the history of German poetry. Continuation). Volume III.1. Berlin 2000, pp. 234-249.
    • Fritz Wahrenburg: Glass burner, Adolf . In: Wilhelm Kühlmann (Ed.): Killy Literature Lexicon. Authors and works from the German-speaking cultural area . 2nd, completely revised edition. Volume 4. Berlin / New York 2009, pp. 237–241.
  • Research literature:
    • Olaf Briese: "Pictures through letters". Glassbrenner's peep boxes . In: Stefan Keppler-Tasaki, olf Gerhard Schmidt (ed.): Between genre discipline and total work of art. Literary intermediality 1815–1848 . Berlin ew York 2015, pp. 123–142.
    • Olaf Briese: Cornerstones literature. A humorous genre of text in Biedermeier and Vormärz . With an afterword and a bibliography. Bielefeld 2013 (Aisthesis Archive 17).
    • Olaf Briese: Adolf Glaßbrenner as the keeper of pre-industrial Berlin . In: International Archive for the Social History of German Literature , 35.2, 2010, pp. 1–36.
    • Heinz Bulmahn: Adolf Glassbrenner. His development from 'Jungdeutscher' to 'Vormärzler' . Amsterdam 1978.
    • Patricia K. Calkins: Where the Powder Lies. Biedermeier Berlin as reflected in Adolf Glassbrenner's Berliner Don Quixote . New York / Washington / Baltimore 1998.
    • Ingrid Heinrich-Jost: literary journalism Adolf Glaßbrenner (1810–1876). The trick in writing the truth . Munich / New York / London 1980.
    • Raimund Kemper: Me, Reineke, and my complot! Adolf Glaßbrenner's satire Neuer Reineke Fuchs (1845/46) . In: Michael Heinrichs, Klaus Lüders (Hrsg.): Modernization and freedom. Contributions to the history of democracy in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . Schwerin 1995, pp. 358-411.
    • Harald Schmidt: Journey into the "Uninhibited": Adolf Glassbrenner's Pictures and Dreams from Vienna (1836) . In: Hubert Lengauer, Primus Heinz Kucher (Hrsg.): Movement in the realm of immobility. Revolutions in the Habsburg Monarchy 1848–49. Literary and journalistic debates . Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2001, pp. 103-131.
    • Michael Schmitt: The rough tone of the little people. "Big City" and "Berliner Witz" in the work of Adolf Glaßbrenner (between 1832 and 1841) . Frankfurt a. M. / Bern / New York 1989.
    • Volkmar Steiner: Adolf Glaßbrenner's Rentier Buffey. On the typology of the petty bourgeois in Vormärz . Frankfurt a. M. / Bern 1983.
    • Mary Lee Townsend: The Politics of Humor. Adolph Glassbrenner and the Rediscovery of the Prussian Vormärz (1815-48) . In: Central European History , 20, 1987, pp. 29-57.
    • Fritz Wahrenburg: City experience in the genre change: Glaßbrenner's Berlin portrayals . In: Lothar Ehrlich, Hartmut Steinecke, Michael Vogt (eds.): Vormärz and Classic . Bielefeld 1999, pp. 277-300 (Vormärz Studies I).
    • Fritz Wahrenburg: Poetry of Freedom. Songs of the "north German poet". Adolf Glaßbrenner . In: Alo Allkemper, Norbert Otto Eke (Ed.): Literature and Democracy . Festschrift for Hartmut Steinecke on his 60th birthday. Berlin 2000, pp. 61-89.

reception

In 1955 DEFA shot the film A Stag Night , which is about his love and marriage to Adele Peroni.

The phrase " highest railway " also goes back to Glaßbrenner. A humorous scene with the title A Marriage Proposal in Niederwallstrasse is about an absent-minded postman named Bornike. This gets tangled up all the time while speaking and keeps confusing words in sentences. When he wanted to ask his future father-in-law for his daughter's hand, he expressed his joy at his consent as follows: "This daughter is quite sufficient, I will marry her dowry." Shortly afterwards he set off in a hurry, having forgotten that the mail that he has to deliver has long since arrived by train. In a hurry he apologizes with: “Herrjesses Leipzig! [...] It is the very highest railway, the time arrived three hours ago. "

Web links

Wikisource: Adolf Glaßbrenner  - Sources and full texts
Wikiquote: Adolf Glaßbrenner  - Quotes
Commons : Adolf Glassbrenner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. Heinrich-Jost: Adolf Glaßbrenner . P. 7
  2. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 242. It is the very highest railway. Tomb of Adolf Glassbrenner . Short biography and description of the tomb on the website "Save Berlin Tombs" of the State Monuments Office Berlin; accessed on March 29, 2019.
  3. ↑ Honorary graves of the State of Berlin (as of November 2018) . (PDF, 413 kB) Senate Department for the Environment, Transport and Climate Protection, p. 26; accessed on March 28, 2019. Recognition and further preservation of graves as honorary graves of the State of Berlin . (PDF, 205 kB). Berlin House of Representatives, printed matter 17/3105 of July 13, 2016, p. 1 and Annex 2, p. 4; accessed on March 28, 2019.
  4. ↑ A hen party. In: filmportal.de . German Film Institute , accessed on September 12, 2017 .
  5. ^ Adolf Glaßbrenner (with the pseudonym Adolf Brennglas): Berliner Volksleben. Selected and new . Verlag Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1847, Volume 2, pp. 241-253 ( digitized in the Google book search).
personal data
SURNAME Glass burner, Adolf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Glasbrenner, Georg Adolph Theodor (real name); A. Burning glass (pseudonym); Heiter, Ernst (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German humorist and satirist
DATE OF BIRTH March 27, 1810
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH September 25, 1876
Place of death Berlin