Alessandra Buonanno

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Alessandra Buonanno

Alessandra Buonanno (* 1968 in Italy ) is an Italian-American physicist who works in the field of theoretical gravitational wave physics and cosmology . She has been Director at the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) in Potsdam since 2014 , where she heads the Department of Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity . She has been a professor at the University of Maryland since 2005in College Park, Maryland and (since 2017) honorary professorships at the Humboldt University of Berlin and the University of Potsdam. She is a member and principal investigator in the LIGO Scientific Collaboration, which observed gravitational waves from the merging of two black holes in 2015. She was appointed to the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics in 2014 after founding director Bernard F. Schutz retired .

Training and development

Already in high school in Italy, Alessandra Buonanno was interested in particle physics and read popular articles and books on this subject. Buonanno obtained a Laureate Degree in Physics from the University of Pisa in 1993 and received his PhD there in 1996. After a research stay at CERN and a post- doctoral position at the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES) in France, she was a Tolman Prize Fellow at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in the USA , where she worked a few times as a visiting scientist between 2002 and 2014 was. In 2001 she received a permanent scientific position at the Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP) as Chargée de 1ère classe (CR1) and in 2005 at the Laboratoire Astroparticule et Cosmologie (APC) of the Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) in Paris. In 2005 she was appointed professor of physics at the University of Maryland at College Park . In 2007 Buonanno Kavli was a fellow at the Kavli Frontiers of Science Japanese-American Symposium of the US National Academy of Sciences. Since 2014 she has been director at the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics in Potsdam. Since 2017 she has been an honorary professor at the Humboldt University in Berlin and at the University of Potsdam . Buonanno is a member and principal investigator in the LIGO Scientific Collaboration.

Buonanno was a Fellow of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation at the University of Maryland. She was a William and Flora Hewlett Fellow at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University . She is a Fellow of the International Society for General Relativity and Gravitation, the American Physical Society and she was the Distinguished Visiting Research Chair at the Perimeter Institute in Waterloo, Canada from 2014-2020.

Buonanno is a US citizen.

Work areas

Buonanno deals with the analytical modeling of the dynamics of black holes in general relativity, the interplay between analytical and numerical relativity and the search for gravitational waves with laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors ( GEO600 , LIGO and Virgo) . In 1999, together with Thibault Damour , she reduced the two-body problem in general relativity to an Effective One Body (EOB) formalism for the analytical solution of black holes circling around each other on the way to merging. This was an approach in order to be able to predict analytically the “first complete waveform of the gravitational waves of merging black holes”. Furthermore, Buonanno is one of the pioneers in combining results from analytical-relativistic calculations and numerical-relativistic simulations for the efficient and precise calculation of waveform models that can be used to search for gravitational waves that are emitted when compact binary objects merge. These models were used to detect gravitational waves from merging black holes for the first time and to infer their astrophysical and cosmological properties. Such precise waveforms allow conclusions to be drawn about astrophysical processes and parameters and enable tests of the general theory of relativity. In addition to the modeling of gravitational waves of compact binary systems, together with Yanbei Chen, she also calculated the quantum optical noise in the advanced-LIGO gravitational wave detectors and showed that quantum correlations between photon shot noise and the radiation pressure noise (i.e. the optical spring effect) in these detectors are those imposed by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation Be able to bypass restrictions. She also deals with gravitational waves in the early universe.

Awards

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Torsten Harmsen: (March 15, 2018):
    Model woman of physics. The Potsdam gravitation expert Alessandra Buonanno receives the Leibniz Prize with 2.5 million euros . In: Berliner Zeitung , p. 17 (print edition);
    Leibniz Prize: Alessandra Buonanno researches the whispering of black holes (online edition).
  2. ↑ Call assumptions on the track of gravitational waves , in: Personalien 2014, supplement to the 2014 annual report of the Max Planck Society, page 4 (article about Buonanno).
  3. ↑ DFG, German Research Foundation - Prof. Dr. Alessandra Buonanno. Retrieved June 16, 2020 .
  4. ^ Buonanno, Alessandra - Author profile . INSPIRE-HEP . Retrieved July 17, 2019.
  5. ^ Postdoctoral Fellows of the Burke Institute. In: Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics. Accessed June 16, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Buonanno, Alessandra. In: Website of the Max Planck Society about the Scientific Member A. Buonanno. Retrieved July 3, 2020 .
  7. ^ Anne Suplee: Buonanno, Alessandra - UMD Physics. Retrieved June 16, 2020 (American English).
  8. ^ Kavli Frontiers of Science. Alumni. Retrieved August 23, 2001 .
  9. ↑ Communication from the MPI on the appointment of Alessandra Buonanno as director in 2014 .
  10. ↑ Special colloquium for the award of an honorary professorship to Prof. Dr. Alessandra Buonanno (Albert Einstein Institute, Potsdam). In: Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute for Physics. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, accessed on June 16, 2020 .
  11. ^ University of Potsdam - Institute for Physics and Astronomy. Retrieved June 16, 2020 .
  12. ^ LIGO Scientific Collaboration Directory. Retrieved July 28, 2020 .
  13. ↑ a b Alessandra Buonanno. Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University, March 16, 2012, accessed June 16, 2020 .
  14. ↑ a b Fellows of the International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation. In: The International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation. Accessed June 16, 2020 .
  15. ↑ a b Alessandra Buonanno Named 2011 APS Fellow - UMD Physics. Retrieved June 16, 2020 .
  16. ↑ Alessandra Buonanno | Perimeter Institute. Retrieved June 16, 2020 .
  17. ↑ a b Steffi Pyanoe: Alessandra Buonanno receives Leibniz Prize. Germany's most important research award goes to Potsdam , in: Potsdamer Latest News , March 14, 2018, accessed on March 15, 2018.
  18. ↑ Buonanno, Alessandra; Damour, Thibault: Effective-one-body approach to general relativistic two-body dynamics . In: Phys. Rev. D. Volume 59 (8) , 1999, doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevD.59.084006 .
  19. ↑ Buonanno, Alessandra; Damour, Thibault: Transition from inspiral to plunge in binary black hole coalescences . In: Phys. Rev. D. Volume 62 (060415) , 2000, doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevD.62.064015 .
  20. ↑ Buonanno, Alessandra; Cook, Gregory B .; Pretorius, Frans: Inspiral, merger and ring-down of equal-mass black-hole binary . In: Phys. Rev. D. Volume 75 (124018) , 2007, doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevD.75.124018 , arxiv : gr-qc / 0610122 .
  21. ↑ Barausse, Enrico; Buonanno, Alessandra: An improved effective-one-body Hamiltonian for spinning black-hole binaries . In: Phys. Rev. D. Volume 81 (064024) , 2010, doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevD.81.084024 , arxiv : 0912.3517 .
  22. ↑ Taracchini, Andrea et al .: Effective-one-body model for black-hole binaries with generic mass ratios and spins . In: Phys. Rev. D. Volume 89 (061502) , 2014, doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevD.89.061502 .
  23. ↑ Abbot, BP et al .: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger . In: Phys. Rev. Lett. tape 116 (6) , 2016, pp. 061102 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevLett.116.061102 .
  24. ↑ Abbot, BP et al .: Tests of general relativity with GW150914 . In: Phys. Rev. Lett. tape 116 (22) , 2016, pp. 221101 , doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevLett.116.221101 .
  25. ↑ Abbot, BP et al .: GW151226: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a 22-Solar-Mass Binary Black-Hole Coalescence . In: Phys. Rev. Lett. tape 116 (241103) , 2016, doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevLett.116.241103 .
  26. ↑ Buonanno, Alessandra; Chen, Yanbei: Quantum noise in second generation, signal recycled laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors . In: Phys. Rev. D. Volume 64 (042006) , 2001, doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevD.64.042006 .
  27. ↑ Buonanno, Alessandra; Chen, Yanbei: Signal recycled laser interferometer gravitational wave detectors as optical springs . In: Phys. Rev. D. Volume 65 (042001) , 2002, doi : 10.1103 / PhysRevD.65.042001 .
  28. ↑ Alessandra Buonanno and Thibault Damour. Retrieved September 13, 2021 .
  29. ↑ Dirac Medallists 2021. Accessed August 24, 2021 .
  30. ↑ Member entry of Alessandra Buonanno at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina
  31. ↑ National Academy of Sciences elects New Members. Retrieved August 23, 2021 .
  32. ↑ 14 new members admitted to the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences. idw Informationsdienst Wissenschaft, June 17, 2021, accessed on July 10, 2021 .
  33. ↑ "GALILEO GALILEI MEDAL" AWARD. Retrieved August 24, 2021 .
  34. ^ Benjamin Lee Professorship. In: Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics. Accessed June 16, 2020 .
  35. ^ Group Award (A). Retrieved August 24, 2021 .
  36. ^ Homepage of the Albert Einstein Society. Retrieved August 24, 2021 .
  37. ↑ 2017 Princess of Asturias Award for Technical & Scientific Research. Retrieved August 24, 2021 .
  38. ↑ HEAD Rossi Prize Goes to Gabriela González & LIGO Team. Retrieved August 24, 2021 .
  39. ↑ Breakthrough Prize - Special Breakthrough Prize In Fundamental Physics Awarded For Detection Of Gravitational Waves 100 Years After Albert Einstein Predicted Their Existence. Accessed June 16, 2020 .
  40. ↑ The LIGO Discovery Team | Gruber Foundation. Retrieved June 16, 2020 .
  41. ↑ Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung, June 1, 2016, p. 13, State Prize for three wave researchers.
  42. ↑ Awards - UMD Physics. Retrieved June 16, 2020 .
  43. ^ Past Fellows. sloan.org, accessed July 3, 2020 .
  44. ↑ The SIGRAV Prizes. Accessed June 16, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Buonanno, Alessandra
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian theoretical physicist in the fields of gravitational wave physics and cosmology
BIRTH DATE 1968
PLACE OF BIRTH Italy