Altona-Blankeneser Railway
Altona-Blankeneser Railway | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hamburg-Blankenese station with reception building and track systems
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Route number (DB) : | 1224 (HH-Altona - HH-Blankenese) 1226 (HH-Blankenese - Wedel (Holst)) |
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Course book section (DB) : | 101.1, 101.11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Route length: |
Route 1224: 8.544 km Route 1226: 9.043 km |
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Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power system : |
Lateral, laterally coated busbar 1200 V = |
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Top speed: | 80 km / h | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dual track : | HH-Altona - HH-Blankenese HH-Rissen - HH-Rissen Oil switch |
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The Altona-Blankeneser Eisenbahn is a 17.587 kilometer long railway line in the west of Hamburg . It starts at Altona train station and leads via Othmarschen to Blankenese train station . 16 years after commissioning this line, it was extended to Wedel in Holstein . Today it is used by the Hamburg S-Bahn lines S1 and S11 and was part of the first electrified suburban railway in Germany .
Route
Section Altona - Blankenese
Today's route begins at Altona station, where the S-Bahn has a four-track tunnel station with a subsequent sweeping system. The double-track line here runs on a steep ramp (maximum gradient 40 ‰) to the surface and branches off from the north-facing station tracks towards the west with the successive stations of Bahrenfeld , Othmarschen , Klein Flottbek and Hochkamp and the three-track terminal station Blankenese .
Section Blankenese - Wedel
The later added, largely single-track route extension to Wedel (Holst) station with the Iserbrook , Sülldorf and Rissen stations leaves and reaches the Blankenese terminus in both directions from the same side.
Thus the total distance is in the middle of something of a hairpin . In the days of steam locomotive operation , it was necessary to move the locomotive to the other end of the train in each direction; after the introduction of the electric multiple units, the driver had to change to the driver 's cab at the opposite end of the train.
In contrast to the other two-track stations, the Iserbrook stop has only one side platform on the longest of the three single-track sections. Together these have a length of 6.348 kilometers.
Elevation profile
The altitude of the route is very different for Hamburg conditions. Immediately after the aforementioned steep ramp at the northern exit of the tunnel at Altona station, the route is at a height of 24 m above sea level. NHN , over the next nine kilometers it rises to the highest point in the area of the Blankenese train station at 55 m above sea level. NHN, whereby the surrounding areas are up to 12 meters higher. On the six kilometers from Blankenese to Rissen, the route sinks again by 36 meters to 19 m above sea level. NHN and ends in Wedel at 7 m above sea level. NHN.
Route kilometers
Since the opening of the City-S-Bahn to Diebsteich on May 31, 1981, the city-S-Bahn (DB route 1270) has continued to use kilometers from Altona. Since then, the official start of the Altona-Blankeneser Railway is at km 0.889 at the switch where it branches off from the City S-Bahn (switch No. 732 in km 6.249 of the City S-Bahn). Previously, the start of the route was at km 0.66 in Altona station . The zero point of the route is still in the first Altona train station (today the Altona town hall ).
In Blankenese, the current mileage continues in the direction of Wedel, so that at the point where the Wedel route begins, km 9.827 is already reached. The short length of 18 meters between Iserbrook and Sülldorf was created when the Iserbrook stop was raised on May 18, 1978. The end of the track in Wedel is at km 18,959.
This results in the route lengths of 8.544 kilometers for the route from Altona to Blankenese (km 0.889 - km 9.433) and 9.043 kilometers for the route from Blankenese to Wedel (km 9.827 - km 18.888).
Signal boxes
Sülldorf station is still controlled today by a Jüdel- type mechanical signal box . His and the replacement of other old signal boxes on the route with an electronic signal box in Blankenese station is in the planning stage.
history
1867-1882
The railway line from Altona to Blankenese was built by the Altona-Kieler Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (AKE) and put into operation on May 19, 1867. The reason for the construction of the railway is given as "the connection of the western Elbe suburbs to Altona for everyday and excursion traffic". According to another source, the line was built by the AKE to prevent unwanted competition from entering this area.
This AKE branch line, initially single-track , led into the hall of the Altona terminus station on the western side and on the same level as the long-distance railway tracks ; the Klein Flottbek and Bahrenfeld stations were already on the line at this point. A further expansion took place with the construction of the villa colony in Othmarschen, for which another station was set up on August 1, 1882.
1883–1908, extension to Wedel and first electrification
On December 1, 1883, the extension from Blankenese to Wedel was opened and around 1900 the section between Altona and Blankenese was continuously expanded to double-track. In 1887, the Altona-Blankeneser Railway, like the other lines of the Altona-Kieler Railway, became part of the Prussian State Railways .
From 1906, the Hamburg-Altona connecting line, completed in 1903, was electrified with 6.3 kilovolt 25 Hertz alternating current from the overhead line, and in 1907 it was put into operation by the Hamburg-Altona urban and suburban railway . The line from Altona to Blankenese was also equipped with the new overhead line under the direction of the Prussian Royal Railway Directorate Altona , and on January 29, 1908 the first electric train ran to Blankenese.
1910 until today, S-Bahn, reconstruction and further line electrification
From 1911 to 1914 there was a connection to the Gleislose Bahn Blankenese – Marienhöhe , an early trolleybus service , at Blankenese station .
The suburban railway system on the connecting line was called the S-Bahn from 1934, and from 1940 to 1955 there was a gradual changeover to direct current with a lateral conductor rail and a voltage of 1.2 kilovolts. At the same time as this changeover, which took longer due to the Second World War , the electrical operation on the line to Wedel was extended in two steps. So from May 1950 Sülldorf could be approached by electric multiple units, while steam trains initially continued to run until Wedel. Control cars from the ES 99 series were used for push- pull operation, which had previously been used for operation with overhead lines and were now coupled with the steam locomotives to form a train. A few months later, on October 31, 1950, the Iserbrook stop was also opened.
On May 20, 1954, the line to Wedel was equipped with conductor rails and the steam locomotive operation was switched to electrical operation.
The entire length of the route is now used by the S1 line of the Hamburg S-Bahn, and the S11 also runs from Altona to Blankenese during rush hour . Trains from the 474 series mainly operate on the S1 line , and trains from the 472 series on the S11 .
In 1978 the line in the Iserbrook area was relocated to a railway embankment in order to remove the level crossing on the federal highway 431, which at that time had four lanes . In Rissen, between 1978 and 1983, a new train station was built in a cut to the north of the old train station, and the entire route between the train station and the Sieversstücke level crossing was moved a few meters to the north and moved into a cut to also make room for the construction of one To create a bypass in the area of cracks for the federal highway 431. As part of this relocation, the four level crossings in the Rissen area were replaced in three cases (Klövensteenweg, Gudrunstraße and Schulauer Moorweg) by underpasses / overpasses of the road, in one case (Achtern Sand) the level crossing was abandoned without replacement due to its close proximity.
A planning contract has been in place between Deutsche Bahn AG and the city of Hamburg since 2003 , according to which the Ottensen station for the S1 and S11 lines between Bahrenfeld and Altona is to be built by 2021 . A freight track that is currently not in use is to be removed and the northern tracks of the S-Bahn line to be relocated. The aim is to create space for a seven-meter-wide central platform between the tracks.
Freight transport
Up until 1997, freight traffic was carried out on the route - at last only sparse. The freight tracks at the Klein Flottbek and Blankenese railway stations have now also been completely dismantled.
There were sidings at the Bahrenfeld train station to the gas works , the trestle system of the Ottensener industrial railway and to the Bahrenfeld margarine works AL Mohr built in 1880, later Unilever's margarine works under the independent name Margarine-Union .
There was a connection to the Wedel thermal power station at the oil divider west of the Hamburg border . The name comes from the Mobil Oil AG plant that is also connected .
literature
- Andreas Janikowski, Jörg Ott: Germany's S-Bahn. History, technology, operations. transpress Verlag, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-613-71195-8 .
- When the steam train was still running from Blankenese to Wedel. In: Wilhelm Schröder: The old Sülldorf. Volume 2: From Sülldorf's prehistory and early history and other cultural-historical images. Schröder, Hamburg 1988, pp. 59-60.
- 100th anniversary of the Blankenese-Wedel railway line. In: Wilhelm Schröder: The old Sülldorf. Volume 2: From Sülldorf's prehistory and early history and other cultural-historical images. Schröder, Hamburg 1988, pp. 61-62.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ DB Netze - Infrastructure Register
- ↑ Railway Atlas Germany . 9th edition. Schweers + Wall, Aachen 2014, ISBN 978-3-89494-145-1 .
- ↑ a b Christine Onnen: Report on the monument value of the Blankenese train station . May 2008 ( hamburg.de [accessed February 27, 2019]).
- ↑ a b Contributions to the history of locomotives and railways, 5.5. The Altona - Kieler Eisenbahn (AK) accessed on September 5, 2013
- ^ Röll, Freiherr von: Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens, Volume 1. Berlin, Vienna 1912, pp. 141-142 "Altona-Kieler Eisenbahn"
- ↑ a b S-Bahn Chronicle Hamburg ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Photo documentation about the renovation phase in cracks
- ↑ https://www.elbe-wochenblatt.de/2020/01/29/s-bahnhof-ottensen-noch-spaeter-verbind-bahn-rechner-von-kompliziert-bauarbeiten-eroeffnung-erst-mitte-2021/
- ↑ Bergedorf - those were the days! , by Ronald Hartmann, pp. 104-106
- ^ The Pfennig Empire , DER SPIEGEL 40/1960 of September 28, 1960
- ↑ https://vroniplag.wikia.org/de/wiki/Quelle:Bah/Liebstaedter_1927
- ^ Company publication from AL Mohr: Margarine-Fabrik , Altona-Bahrenfeld, 1900