Office of Hohensolm
The Office of Hohensolms is a former administrative and judicial district in today's state of Hesse , which existed from the Middle Ages until 1816 without interruption . After that, jurisdiction was continued in the Hohensolms Justice Office and administration in the Hohensolms mayor (later renamed Hohensolms mayor). This new office of Hohensolm was dissolved in 1934.
Emergence
The origin of the Hohensolms office goes back to the territory of the Counts of Solms, who in the course of the Middle Ages had gained sovereignty in a contiguous area north of Wetzlar . In addition to the two castles of Hohensolms and Königsberg and the two towns of the same name, Hohensolms and Königsberg, this comprised 17 other localities: Ahrdt , Altenkirchen , Bermoll , Bischoffen , Blasbach , Erda , Frankenbach , Großaltenstädten , Hermannstein , Mudersbach , Naunheim , Niederweidbach , Oberlemp , Oberweidbach , Roßbach , Waldgirmes and Wilsbach as well as the Haina farm .
In 1351 the Landgraves of Hesse became co-owners of this area through purchase. From then on, Hesse and Solms shared the administration of the entire area. Administering it introduced solmsischer bailiff based in Hohensolms and a Hessian bailiff based in Kaliningrad. The other civil service included, among other things, a cellar or rent master for the administration of the income. Since the common administration repeatedly caused disputes, the land was divided in 1629. The two independent offices of Hohensolms and Königsberg emerged from the division . Hermannstein, which also belonged to the Hessian-Solms community property, but fell to Solms-Braunfels and not to Solms-Lich in an inner-Solms division in 1420, played a special role. On the Hessian side, it was always administered from Königsberg and from 1629 also remained with the Königsberg office; after Hohensolms, however, in contrast to all other places in the area, it was not subject to compulsory labor or taxes. The office of Hohensolms, which was newly delimited in 1629, included the castle and town of Hohensolms as the central town, the towns of Ahrdt, Altenkirchen, Bermoll, Blasbach, Erda, Großaltenstädten, Mudersbach, Oberlemp and, since 1699, the newly founded Bellersdorf. The population was small. In 1682 there were only about 160 households within the office.
Sovereignty
The sovereignty was exercised by the Counts of Solms-Hohensolms , whose county was essentially identical to the Office of Hohensolms, only expanded to include the small office of Nieder-Weisel in Wetterau with three other localities. Even after the separation in 1629, the Counts of Solms-Hohensolms were not the only sovereigns in the office of Hohensolms, since the supervision of the school and church system continued to remain together with Hesse and Solms. In addition, a quarter of the Hohensolm office was still subordinate to the Counts of Solms-Lich , who also employed their own employees in the office for its administration. This situation and the resulting disputes came to an end when the counties of Hohensolms and Lich were merged in 1718 to form the new county of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich . From then on, the entire county (from 1792 principality ) consisted of the three offices of Hohensolm, Lich and Nieder-Weisel. The economic structure of the Hohensolm District was predominantly rural. There were clear differences with regard to the legal status of the individual localities. The city of Hohensolms was particularly privileged, as it was exempted from further taxes and compulsory services for the sovereign against payment of a so-called kitchen fee of 720 guilders per year . In addition, Bellersdorf also enjoyed a certain special position, as it was also exempted from all other obligations in return for an annual payment of 120 guilders. All other localities, on the other hand, were under serfdom and were subject to taxes and compulsory service to the sovereign
Nassau
After the mediatization of the house of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich, the office of Hohensolms fell to Nassau-Weilburg in 1806 and was attached to the administration commission and then to the Nassau administrative district of Wiesbaden. Political responsibility remained in the hands of a bailiff. The last Solms bailiff was Ludwig Franz. The Nassau government transferred the supervision of the office in 1806 initially provisionally to the bailiff of the office Atzbach , Müller. With the formation of the Duchy of Nassau , the Office of Hohensolm was one of the 63 offices of the Duchy .
Prussia
The transfer of office to Prussia on May 31, 1815 had clear consequences. Initially, the former Solms offices of Braunfels , Greifenstein and Hohensolms were formed into a Braunfels district, which was dissolved again on August 31, 1822 and incorporated into the Wetzlar district. The district of Wetzlar belonged to the Prussian Rhine Province , whose government had its seat in Koblenz . The district was headed by a district administrator based in Wetzlar. The district area was administratively divided into several mayor's offices, one of which established its seat in Hohensolms. However, the area of the new mayor's office of Hohensolm was identical in size to the old office of Hohensolm. In 1836 it had 3245 inhabitants.
Even if the Prince of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich was no longer the sovereign, he still remained in possession of his domains (castles, estates, property, etc.) as a so-called landlord , including the resulting income. In addition, until 1848 he was subject to the lower jurisdiction , for which he installed an authority under the name of the Princely Justice Office in the Hohensolm office.
The Prussian law regulating various points of the municipal constitutional law of December 27, 1927 renamed the mayor offices of the Rhine Province into offices. This made the mayor's office of Hohensolm the Hohensolm office.
Dissolution of the office
The end of the office of Hohensolm came with the change of the district of Wetzlar from the Prussian Rhine province ( administrative region Koblenz ) to the province of Hessen-Nassau ( administrative region Wiesbaden ) on October 1st, 1932. Disbanded April 1934. Each village now became independent and had its own mayor. The official building was sold for 16,000 marks to the municipality of Hohensolms, which continued to use it as the mayor's office. Remnants of the central administration were retained even after the mayor's office was dissolved. For example, the registry office for the ten former localities was still centrally located in Hohensolms for a few years. In addition, the ten now independent municipalities formed a joint association fund. In the large community of Hohenahr , which was newly formed in 1972, six of the former ten districts are reunited in one administrative district.
Bailiffs
literature
- Timo Zimmermann: Hohensolms. Valley, town, municipality and district , Hohensolms 2000.
- Timo Zimmermann: Local history of Hohensolms and its landscape , volume 1, regional history. Unpublished manuscript.
Individual evidence
- ↑ State treaties of May 31, 1815 and August 23, 1816 VB 1815, p. 97 ff. VB 1816, p. 237.
- ↑ Reysser, Johann Heinrich in the Hessian Biography
- ↑ othera (Ottera), Nicolaus von in the Hessian biography
- ↑ Purgold, Valentin in the Hessian Biography