Office Petersberg

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The Petersberg Office was a territorial administrative unit that originally belonged to the Electorate of Saxony . In 1697 the office was sold to Brandenburg-Prussia and was affiliated to the Saalkreis in the Duchy of Magdeburg . Until it was ceded to the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1807, it served as an office as the spatial reference point for claiming sovereign taxes and compulsory services , for the police , jurisdiction and military service .

Geographical expansion

The small office Petersberg consisted of an area around the Petersberg , the exclave Spröda in the Electoral Saxon office Delitzsch and some Freihöfe in the Electoral Saxon office Zörbig as well as the Gut Stichelsdorf. It was surrounded by places of the Ostrau manor belonging to the electoral office of Delitzsch and places of the hall circle belonging to the archbishopric or later duchy of Magdeburg.

history

Petersberg Monastery

The Augustinian Canon Monastery of Petersberg was founded in 1124 by the brothers Count Dedo IV of Wettin and the Margrave Konrad von Meißen (* around 1098, † 1157) on the Petersberg in the immediate vicinity of Wettin Castle . It was built from 1124 to 1142 as a house monastery and burial place for the aristocratic Wettin family . When the Wettin property was divided in 1156, Wettin Castle and Petersberg Monastery came under different owners. Wettin went to the County of Wettin under Heinrich I and after its extinction in 1217 as an inheritance to the Counts of Brehna . Otto IV von Brehna sold the castle and county on November 14, 1288 to the Archbishop of Magdeburg . It was converted into an archiepiscopal office. With the Diocese of Magdeburg it fell to the Electorate of Brandenburg in 1541 , which in the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 the territory of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg , d. H. the secular property of the archbishop of Magdeburg, as hereditary duchy of Magdeburg was awarded.

The Petersberg Monastery, however, remained with the Margraviate of Meissen in 1156 . After the resignation of his offices and the division of his inheritance in 1156, Margrave Konrad von Meißen entered his house monastery on the Petersberg as a lay brother, whereby the area around the monastery came under the rule of his son Otto . With the elevation of the margraviate of Meissen to the Electorate of Saxony in 1423 , the Petersberg Monastery has belonged to it ever since. When Leipzig was divided in 1485, it came to the Albertine Duchy of Saxony.

Saxon Office Petersberg

In the course of the introduction of the Reformation , the monastic property was secularized in 1538/40 . The sovereign, Duke Georg of Saxony , appointed a tenant to manage the monastic property and converted the property into a sovereign office. Direct subject villages were Nehlitz and Spröda, east of Delitzsch, which was an exclave in the Delitzsch district of Saxony . The parish of Petersberg included a total of 82 courtyards in eight surrounding places, of which the four places Nehlitz (official place), Drehlitz, Frößnitz and Westewitz belonged to the Electorate of Saxony, the four places Wallwitz, Trebitz, Merkewitz and Dachritz belonged to the ore monastery of Magdeburg.

As a result of the Schmalkaldic War and the Wittenberg surrender in 1547, the Albertine Duchy of Saxony was elevated to the status of the Electorate of Saxony, making the Petersberg office an electoral Saxon office for the next 150 years. The collegiate church was destroyed by a lightning strike and the subsequent fire in 1565 and was only rebuilt almost true to the original in the 19th century.

Prussian Office Petersberg

At the time of the Thirty Years War (1618 to 1648) the office of Petersberg was on the northwestern edge of the Electorate of Saxony. It was surrounded by scattered places of the manor Ostrau , which belonged to the Electoral Saxon office of Delitzsch, but were territorially separated from it. Furthermore, places of the hall circle belonging to the ore monastery of Magdeburg bordered in the north-east and south . Since the Archbishopric of Magdeburg was assigned to the Electorate of Brandenburg in the Peace of Westphalia of 1648 as the hereditary duchy of Magdeburg, the Electorate of Petersberg bordered on Brandenburg-Prussia after this provision came into force in 1680 . Frederick I , King of Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg, saw the new territorial situation as an opportunity to round off his domain.

Since the Saxon Elector August the Strong (* 1670; † 1733) needed money to finance his Poland policy at the same time , he sold the Petersberg office with the historical burial place of his ancestors for 40,000 thalers to Elector Friedrich III in 1697. The following year, the Saxon commissioner handed over the office with the officially owned villages of Petersberg, Nehlitz and the exclave Spröda to the Brandenburg commissioners. Spröda thereby became a Brandenburg exclave in the Electoral Saxon office of Delitzsch, in return the towns of Frößnitz and Westewitz, which had remained with the Electoral Saxon office of Delitzsch, became Electoral Saxon exclaves in the Brandenburg Hall district. The villages of Frößnitz, Westewitz and Drehlitz, which remained near Kursachsen, remained subject to the Petersberg office, however. When the Francke Foundations in Glaucha near Halle (Saale) was established in 1698 , Gut Stichelsdorf , which belongs to the Petersberg district, was left to the foundations to provide their pupils with food themselves. Within Brandenburg-Prussia, the Petersberg office was incorporated into the Saalkreis in the Duchy of Magdeburg. This made the 250 meter high Petersberg the highest point in the Duchy of Magdeburg. The Petersberg office became the seventh and last office in the Prussian hall circle. In addition to the three villages Petersberg, Nehlitz and the exclave Spröda It included two outworks, five yards, two windmills, the inn Red House and the inn at the office itself. Then there was the forester in the east of Petersberg and other forest and land ownership. As a box office, the Petersberg office was now subordinate to the Brandenburg-Prussian government and chamber. The subordinates paid their taxes directly to the office. The subordinates paid their oath of homage to their new sovereign on May 5, 1699 , and in 1701 he became King of Prussia .

In 1726 the office building was moved to the foot of the mountain. In 1737 the sheep farm was established and civil servants' apartments were built on the official site. For other residential buildings, stones from the monastery ruins were used, so that only the parish and the schoolhouse remained intact on the mountain. Around 1800 the Prussian office Petersberg consisted of the places Nehlitz and Petersberg in the Duchy of Magdeburg, the exclave Spröda in the Electoral Saxon office Delitzsch as well as some free courts in the places Werben , Schrenz and Löbersdorf in the electoral Saxon office Zörbig .

Dissolution of the Petersberg office

Prussia lost about half of its territory in the Peace of Tilsit in 1807 , including all areas west of the Elbe. The Petersberg office as part of the Saalkreis was now assigned to the Halle district in the Saale department of the Kingdom of Westphalia under Napoléon's brother Jérôme . It came to the canton of Löbejün , only the Spröda exclave was assigned to the canton of Oppin .

After the defeat of Napoléon and the end of the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1813, the Prussian king and his "old provinces" took possession of the Saalkreis again. In 1815, this "old property" from before 1807 and the royal Saxon territories acquired by the Congress of Vienna became the province of Saxony . As their lower administrative authority, the Saalkreis in the administrative district of Merseburg was rebuilt on October 1, 1816 . This included Petersberg and Nehlitz, while Spröda and its surrounding area were assigned to the newly created Delitzsch district .

Officials in Prussian times

  • Amtsschösser Trentzsch (last Saxon and first Brandenburg magistrate)
  • Joachim Braun
  • Constantin Lenz (moved the office to the foot of the Petersberg in 1726)

Associated places

Official Villages
Villages subject to interest payments that belonged to the Electoral Saxon office of Delitzsch
Another possession
Villages of the parish of Petersberg
  • Nehlitz (Amtsdorf, originally Saxon)
  • Drehlitz (in Saxon language)
  • Frößnitz (in Saxon language)
  • Westewitz (in Saxon language)
  • Dachritz (arch penal Magdeburgian)
  • Merkewitz (arch penal Magdeburgian)
  • Trebitz (archdiocese-Magdeburgish)
  • Wallwitz (archdiocese-Magdeburg)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Köbler : Wettiner. In: Historical Lexicon of the German States. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 785.
  2. ↑ The Collegiate Church of St. Peter on the homepage of the parish Petersberg ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gemeinde-petersberg.de
  3. ↑ Website about Gut Stichelsdorf
  4. ^ Description of the Saale Department
  5. ^ The hall circle in the municipality register 1900
  6. ^ The district of Delitzsch in the municipality register 1900
  7. ^ Stichelsdorf on the homepage of the city of Landsberg