Manor Ostrau
The manor Ostrau was a manorial estate belonging to the Delitzsch office in the Leipzig district of the Electorate of Saxony .
Geographical location
The area of the manor Ostrau was spatially separated north-west of the Delitzsch official territory. It enclosed the Petersberg in the north, east, south-east and south-west. The northern border was the Fuhne . Separated from the main area of the manor were the places Göttnitz and Löbersdorf (share) in the north-east and Frößnitz and Westewitz in the west.
The places are today in the state of Saxony-Anhalt northeast of Halle. Most places are in the Saalekreis and belong to the municipality of Petersberg , only Oberplötz and Unterplötz are districts of the city of Wettin-Löbejün . Göttnitz and Löbersdorf belong to the town of Zörbig in the Anhalt-Bitterfeld district .
Adjacent administrative units
The Ostrauer manor area consisted of the main area in the center and two smaller separate areas in the northeast and west. The following administrative units bordered on:
- Main area around Ostrau
- Northeast: Principality of Anhalt
- North: Rittergut Cösseln (exclave of the Lauchstädt office , to the Hochstift Merseburg under Electoral Saxon suzerainty)
- East: Amt Zörbig ( Electorate of Saxony )
- South and northwest: Saalkreis ( Archbishopric Magdeburg , from 1680 as Duchy of Magdeburg to Brandenburg-Prussia )
- West: Amt Petersberg (Electorate of Saxony, 1697 to the hall of the Brandenburg-Prussian Duchy of Magdeburg)
- Frößnitz / Westewitz exclave in the west
- East: Office Petersberg (Electorate of Saxony, 1697 to the hall of the Brandenburg-Prussian Duchy of Magdeburg)
- South, west and north: Saalkreis (Hochstift Magdeburg, from 1680 as Duchy of Magdeburg to Brandenburg-Prussia)
- Exclave Göttnitz / Löbersdorf in the northeast
- North: Principality of Anhalt
- East and South: Amt Zörbig (Electorate of Saxony)
- West: Rittergut Cösseln (exclave of the Lauchstädt office, to the Hochstift Merseburg under electoral suzerainty)
history
Early history
Ostrava, whose name is recycled to the Slavic word "island", was first in 1125 in connection with the donation of the chapel Ostrava ( Capellam Ostrowe ) and four hooves country by the Margrave of Meissen and counts of Wettin , Konrad the Great to mentioned the Augustinian monastery on the Petersberg . In 1156, Hogerus von Ostrau was named a margrave-Meissnian ministerial . It is therefore assumed that there was already a medieval fortification (moated castle) in the place at this time. Otto II von Ostrau had the castle chapel built in 1237. The de Ostrowe ministerial family can be traced back to 1285 in Ostrau.
Belonging to the Electorate or Kingdom of Saxony
In 1288 Ostrau was sold as part of the County of Wettin by the Counts of Brehna to the ore monastery of Magdeburg . In the years up to 1378 the rule of Ostrau was gradually bought up by the bishops of Merseburg , whereby the archbishops of Magdeburg and the bishops of Merseburg claimed the sovereignty over Ostrau. In the 14./15. In the 19th century, the dukes of Saxony-Wittenberg also appeared as feudal carriers. The lords of Witzleben , Friedrich von Hoym in 1455 and Sigismund von Miltitz in 1470 appeared as tenants of Ostrau from around 1440 .
In 1485, the year of Leipzig's division of the Wettin electorate of Saxony , Ostrau is once again proven to be the seat of Wettin writers . Since then it has belonged to the Albertine Duchy of Saxony and belonged to the Delitzsch office , from which it was, however, territorially separated. In the partial list of the Leipzig division, the Lords of Meckau were named as the owners of the Ostrau estate. In 1471 a Herlfrecht von Meckau was mentioned from the family. In 1491, Duke Albrecht of Saxony enfeoffed Albrecht of Leipzig from the Wildenau line with Ostrau. His heirs sold it in 1509 to the Albertine captain of Quedlinburg , Veit von Drachsdorf .
As a result of the Schmalkaldic War , the Wettins' electoral dignity passed from the Ernestines to the Albertines in 1547 , whereby the Ostrau manor with the remaining Delitzsch office and the neighboring offices of Zörbig and Petersberg now belonged to the Albertine electorate of Saxony. Due to the necessary restructuring of the Saxon administration, the Delitzsch office with the Ostrau manor district has been part of the Leipzig district since then . In 1562 Hieronymus von Drachsdorf agreed to sell to Achatius von Veltheim auf Harbke . However, since other creditors first came into play, Achatius von Veltheim Ostrau was only able to take possession of those von Hagen auf Hadmersleben in 1585 . After being enfeoffed with Ostrau Castle on February 1, 1586 by Elector August von Sachsen , this formed the second main estate of the von Veltheim family's black line alongside Harbke Castle . They had the former castle converted into a four-wing renaissance castle with a spacious farm yard.
Between 1657 and 1738 the manor Ostrau belonged as part of the Delitzsch district with all accessories to the Albertine secondary school principality of Saxony-Merseburg . Since 1697 made sales of the Office Petersberg at Brandenburg-Prussia the places Frößnitz and Westewitz formed an electoral Saxon enclave in Saalkreis of belonging to Prussia Duchy of Magdeburg . However, with Drehlitz, they continued to pay interest to the now Prussian Petersberg Office. Ecclesiastically, too, all three places continued to belong to the Petersberg parish . Otto Ludwig von Veltheim had the old buildings of Ostrau Castle demolished from 1713 and a French Baroque style castle built by the French architect Louis Remy de la Fosse by 1718 . Today it is one of the most valuable baroque buildings in what is now Saxony-Anhalt.
In 1806, almost simultaneously with the appointment of the Electorate of Saxony to the Kingdom of Saxony , the neighboring town and office of Petersberg and the Prussian Saalkreis were occupied by French troops. As a result, the now royal Saxon places of the Ostrau manor bordered from 1807 on the Halle district in the Saale department of the Kingdom of Westphalia . After the defeat of Napoleon and the end of the Kingdom of Westphalia, they were again Saxon-Prussian border towns from 1813.
Belonging to Prussia
As a result of the resolutions of the Congress of Vienna , the places of the manor district of Ostrau, like most of the places of the Saxon Delitzsch office, became part of Prussia in 1815. The main part of the manor district of Ostrau and the exclave of Göttnitz / Löbersdorf were assigned to the district of Bitterfeld in the administrative district of Merseburg of the province of Saxony in 1816. The Frößnitz / Westewitz exclave came to the Saalkreis like its surroundings.
Between 1744 and 1927/38, the succession (legal succession) in the main estates of the von Veltheim family was regulated by a Fideikommiss . The last owner of Ostrau was the orientalist and writer Dr. Hans Hasso von Veltheim . He initiated the renovation of the palace park between 1929 and 1933. He also completed the baroque palace building by expanding the north-east wing.
In the course of the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone , von Veltheim was forcibly expropriated in 1945. The library and cultural assets were partly brought to the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , confiscated or plundered by the Soviet occupiers.
The places Ostrau, Drehlitz, Drobitz, Kütten, Oberplötz, Unterplötz and Werderthau, which were formerly part of the Ostrau manor, became part of the Saalkreis during the first district reform in the GDR in 1950 , only Löbersdorf and Göttnitz remained in the Bitterfeld district.
Components
Ownership of the manor
The castle island of Ostrau with the Ostrau castle belonged to the "manor" in the narrower sense . Since the Ostrauer castle lords belonged to the baron class, they were also referred to as "knights" by the population. The extended ownership of the Ostrau manor included the extensive landscaped park, some residential and farm buildings in the village and the patronage church. Thus, the estate of the Ostrau manor had an area of 700 hectares by 1945.
Places under the patrimonial jurisdiction of the Ostrau manor
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Another possession
- Rittergut Cösseln with jurisdiction over Cösseln , Möst and Werderthau (Cösselner estate share). It belonged as a collegiate fiefdom to the territorially separate Merseburg office of Lauchstädt under the sovereignty of the Electorate of Saxony.
- Beidersee : The sovereignty over the place lay with the princes of Anhalt-Koethen , who bestowed the higher courts and inheritance courts to the lords of Veltheim. The Feldmark of Beidersee was part of the Office Giebichenstein in Saalkreis of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg , the 1680 Duchy of Magdeburg to Brandenburg-Prussia came.
- Manor Großweißandt with its Vorwerk Gahrendorf in the Principality of Anhalt-Köthen : It was transferred in 1751 from the Harbker line to the Ostrauer line of those of Veltheim
Fiefdom or owner
- Lords of Ostrava (Ministeriale from around 1156 to 1285)
- Lords of Witzleben (from approx. 1440)
- Friedrich von Hoym (from 1455)
- Sigismund von Miltitz (from 1470)
- Lords of Meckau (from approx. 1471/85)
- Lords of Leipzig from the Wildenau line (1491 to 1509)
- Lords of Drachsdorf (1509 to 1562)
- various tenants, u. a. Lords of Hagen on Hadmersleben (1562 to 1585)
- Lords of Veltheim , Harbker Line (1585 to 1945)
literature
- The manor Ostrau and its locations in the book Geography for all estates , p. 519
Web links
- The Ostrau estate archive in the state archive of Saxony-Anhalt
- The Ostrau manor on the homepage of the Ostrau Church
Individual evidence
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 56 f.
- ^ Streiflichter from the history of the Petersberg office (1) by Dr. Werner Dietrich ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Description of the Saale Department (PDF)
- ^ The district of Bitterfeld in the municipality register 1900
- ^ The hall circle in the municipality register 1900
- ^ The manor Cösseln and its places in the book Geography for all estates , p. 691
- ^ Biedersee [sic!]. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Supplement 3, Leipzig 1752, column 1174.
