Anton Cajetan Adlgasser

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Anton Cajetan Adlgasser (sometimes: Anton Cajetan Adelgasser ; born October 1, 1729 in Inzell - Niederachen , Bavaria ; † December 21, 1777 in Salzburg ) was a German composer and organist .

Life

Former family crypt Adlgasser (No. 63), now Schenk zu Castel

Adlgasser was the eldest son of the teacher, organist and sacristan Ulrich Adlgasser and his wife Maria Lederer. After an initial school education by his father, Adlgasser entered the third class (Grammatistae) of the Latin school attached to the Salzburg University in December 1744 at the age of 15 . At the same time, he and his brother Joseph Adlgasser (1732–1762), who later became the monastery organist of Laufen, were accepted into the prince-archbishop's chapel house. The court composer Johann Ernst Eberlin took lessons in the Kapellhaus . Adlgasser sang in a total of seven school dramas at the Benedictine University of Salzburg, for which Eberlin had written the music, until 1746. On June 19, 1748, under Adlgasser's direction, a piece (now lost) was performed by the students of the Latin school. On July 4, 1748, when he graduated from Latin school, Adlgasser received a decree from the archbishopric and received a dismissal dress and hand money. In June of the following year, Adlgasser was appointed cathedral organist. The first surviving composition dates from 1749, the cantata Der Mensch, die Schwachheit und die Grace .

In June 1750 he initially took over the position of cathedral organist from Eberlin , and on December 11, 1750 he was promoted to court and cathedral organist of Prince Archbishop Count Sigismund III. from Schrattenbach . This office was linked to the obligation to compose works for the cathedral and the court.

In 1760 Adlgasser became a piano teacher at the Kapellhaus and organist at the Dreifaltigkeitskirche .

At the request (and expense) of his employer, the generous Archbishop Schrattenbach , Adlgasser began a one-year study trip through Italy at the end of January 1764 . He was accompanied by his future wife, Maria Anna Fesemayr, who was supposed to complete a vocal training in Italy. The route led through Venice , Padua , Trento , Mantua , Verona , Milan , Bologna and Rome . The trip ended in Salzburg in February 1765. One result of this journey can be seen in Adlgasser's only opera La Ninetti , for which Pietro Metastasio provided the text and which premiered on April 6, 1766 in the Residenz in Salzburg.

Adlgasser was honored with a place at the court table in 1770. This privilege was replaced in 1772 by the annual payment of 100  florins . After his employer died in 1772, he was able to greet his new employer, Prince Archbishop Hieronymus Graf von Colloredo , with a symphonic premiere that same year .

On Sunday, December 21, 1777 Adlgasser suffered during the Vespers in the middle of organ playing a stroke . Leopold Mozart described the dramatic circumstances in the principal choir in a letter dated December 22, 1777 to his wife and son , who were in Mannheim . He died that same evening at the age of 48. In accordance with his high position in court music, he received a nocturnal burial and was buried on December 23, 1777 in the Sebastian cemetery in the family crypt (No. 63).

In 1779 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart succeeded him as court organist for two years.

Marriage and offspring

Anton Cajetan Adlgasser was married three times.

On September 21, 1752 he married a daughter of the court composer Johann Ernst Eberlin, Maria Josepha Katharina (1730–1755). The witnesses were his colleagues Leopold Mozart and the court bassist Josef Nikolaus Meissner (1725–1795), who, since he had married Maria Cäcilia Barbara Eberlin (1728–1756), was Adlgasser's brother-in-law. From this marriage two children were born; one was Maria Victoria Cäcilia (1753-1821), called "Victorl", who, together with her aunt Maria Barbara Gertrudis (1740-1806), called "Eberlin Waberl", became one of Nannerl Mozart's best friends .

A year after the death of his first wife, he married Maria Barbara Schwab, the daughter of a court official. The witnesses were Johann Ernst Eberlin, Josef Nikolaus Meissner and Leopold Mozart. Adlgasser had eight children with his second wife, but only two of them survived.

Adlgasser's third marriage was on June 17, 1769 with the court singer Maria Anna Fesemayr; His brother-in-law Nikolaus Strasser and Josef Nikolaus Meissner as well as Leopold Mozart were the witnesses. This marriage remained childless.

Works

Church music

  • 8 masses, 3 requiums
    • Missa a 4 vocibus, 2 violini, 2 clarini, timpano ad libid., Violone ed organo , in the archive of the Kremsmünster Abbey OCLC 746045832
    • Missa brevis in A for solos, mixed choir and organ AWK 7 OCLC 271735925
    • Missa in C major, for a voice and organ, published in 2008 by Petrus Eder, published by Petrus Eder Monuments of Music in Salzburg in the series OCLC 755427489
  • 6 Tantum ergo
  • 11 Marian and 4 sacraments litanies
    • Litania Lauretana a 4 vocibus 2 violinis, 2 clarinis ex C et Timpano cum Organo , music manuscript in the Bavarian State Library, digitized OCLC 750870270
    • Litaniae de venerabili altaris Sacramento  : in B flat major (WV 3/53), per solos (SATB), choir (SATB), trombone alto solo o organo solo, 2 clarini, timpani, 2 violinis, basso continuo (cello / fagotto / Contrabbasso / Organo), 3 Tromboni colla parte voci ad lib, published by Armin Kircher in 2005 in Carus-Verlag OCLC 62269317
  • 1 Vespers
  • 25 offers, motets
    • Come Holy Spirit with Your Grace for four-part choir, two violins and organ OCLC 856838310
    • Dicite in gentibus , motetto de cruce Domini , motet for choir, trombones, strings and basso continuo, edition for choir and piano 1988 by David Stein published by T. Presser & Co OCLC 21256684
    • Veni Creator Spiritus , Offertory for Pentecost, published in 1996 by David Stein at T. Presser & Co OCLC 49792249
    • Deo in altissimis gloria, Christmas offertory: recitative aria choir for soprano solo (alto solo ad lib.), SATB, strings and organ (trumpets and timpani ad lib.), Published in 2010 by Friedrich Hägele at Butz in Bonn OCLC 668 180 101
  • 20 Marian antiphons
    • Ave Regina OCLC 32373938
    • Salve Regina for mezzo-soprano, solo bassoon, strings and basso continuo I Allegro II Andante III Allegro con brio, recorded by Sabine Kaipainen (mezzo-soprano), Tuomas Kaipainen (bassoon) and The Moscow Baroque Soloists in April 2004 at the Blumenstein church in BE and in 2005 on the label Thorofon of Bella Musica published OCLC 725445710
  • 45 German sacred songs

Music for school dramas, oratorios (“Geistliche Singspiele”), cantatas

  • Man, weakness, and grace ( human weakness strengthened by active grace in God's love ), cantata, 1750, Salzburg, Nonnberg monastery
  • Christ on the Mount of Olives , oratorio, Holy Week 1755, Salzburg
  • The active grace of God ( David in penance ), Geistliches Singspiel, April 1756, Salzburg
  • Esther (?), Sacred Singspiel (?), Ca.1760, Salzburg
  • Via viri in adolescentia ( Dorotheus martyr ), school drama (visitation), June 22, 1762, Salzburg, University Theater
  • Israel et Albertus, school drama (final comedy), August 31, 1762, Salzburg, University Theater
  • Ochus regnans ( Paternae poena indulgentiae ), school drama (visitation), June 1763, Salzburg, University Theater , published by Mayr in Salzburg in 1763 OCLC 633287748
  • Bela Hungariae princeps , school drama (final comedy), August 30, 1763, Salzburg, university theater
  • Abraham and Isaak , Geistliches Singspiel, approx. 1765, Lambach Abbey
  • Anysis Aegypti rex , school drama (final comedy), August 30, 1765, Salzburg, university theater
  • Chalcis expugnata , school drama (final comedy) with the singspiel Iphigenia mactata , August 29, 1766, Salzburg, University Theater
  • The obligation of the first commandment , Part 3, Geistliches Singspiel, March 26th (?) 1767, Salzburg, Feb. Residence, great hall
  • Hannibal Capuanae urbis hospes , school drama (final comedy), August 28, 1767, Salzburg, university theater
  • Freund in der Not , Geistliches Singspiel, January 21, 1768, Schärding
  • The struggle of penance and conversion , part 1, sacred singspiel, April 2, 1768, Salzburg, residence
  • Philemonis cum Baucide felicitas , April 10, 1768, Salzburg, University, Sacellum
  • Clementia Theodosii , school drama (final comedy), August 30, 1768, Salzburg, University Theater , at Mayr in Salzburg 1768, published OCLC 631 888 651
  • Emperor Constantin I , Part 1, Sacred Singspiel, February 28, 1768, Salzburg, Residence, White Hall (Marcus Sitticus Hall)
  • Synorix et Camma , school drama (final comedy), September 1, 1769, Salzburg, University Theater
  • Three examples of true penance , Part 1 ( The Purified Magdalena ), Spiritual Singspiel, April 3, 1770, Salzburg, Residence OCLC 916205345
  • Human wandering , part 1 ( Der Laue Christ ), Geistliches Singspiel, March 1771, Salzburg, Residenz
  • Pietas in Deum , school drama (visitation), July 8th 1772, Salzburg, University Theater (Great Aula), facsimile of the autograph score from the possession of the Archabbey of St. Peter Salzburg as Volume 11 of the Monuments of Music in Salzburg by Werner Rainer (* 1937 ) and Franz Witek 2004 in Selke Verlag OCLC 906709074
  • Pietas in hospitem , school drama (final comedy) with the singspiel The richly rewarded hospitality , September 2, 1772, Salzburg, University Theater
  • Oratorium de Passione Domini Nostri Jesu Christi , Good Friday, 1773 (?), Berchtesgaden

Opera

Instrumental works

  • 10 symphonies
    • In 1980 Werner Rainer published three symphonies as volume 131 of the series Monuments of Music in Austria by the Academic Printing and Publishing Company OCLC 633374232 :
      • Sinfonia in B flat AWK 122
      • Sinfonia in A AWK 125
      • Sinfonia in C AWK 126
    • In 1982 Werner published 4 more symphonies at Garland in Salzburg and New York OCLC 159822908 :
      • Sinfonia AWK 118
      • Sinfonia AWK 121
      • Sinfonia AWK 123
      • Sinfonia AWK 124
  • 4 piano concerts
  • 2 piano sonatas, 7 movements for piano
    • In 2008, Petrus Eder published the volume Works for Piano OCLC 319496837 in the series Monuments of Music in Salzburg :
      • Sonata in A major
      • Sonata in B flat major
      • Andante in A major
      • Andantino in G major
      • Andantino in F major
      • Allegro assai in C major
      • Divertimento
      • Andante in C major
      • Andante in C major
  • 4 organ works

Theory works, letters

  • Fundamenta compositionis OCLC 750870270
  • Score foundation by famous authors, H. Cajetan Adelgasser and H. Michael Haydn
  • 9 letters to Leopold Mozart, 1762–1771 (lost)
  • 3 letters to Giovanni Baptista Martini in Bologna, 1764

Editions

  • Offertory "Ave Maria", G major, 5.11 a. Motetto de Cruce Domini "Dicite in gentibus" (1766) , E flat major, 5.23, arr. v. KA Rosenthal u. C. Schneider, in: DTÖ 80, Vienna 1936, pp. 44-52 and 53-60
  • 103 Versetten for organ with figured bass , 18.03, ed. v. Josef Friedrich Doppelbauer, Altötting 1966
  • Three symphonies , in C-, B- a. A major, 04/15, 08/15 a. July 15, ed. v. W. Rainer, DTÖ 131, Graz 1980
  • Four Symphonies , in C-, G-, B- u. E flat major, 15.01, 15.06, 15.09 a. 15.10, ed. v. W. Rainer, in: The Symphony, 1720-1840 , vol. B, VIII, 2, New York 1982, p. 57-175
  • Pietas in Deum , 10.14, Faks., Text, commentary, etc. Perioche, ed. v. W. Rainer et al. Franz Witek, Salzburg 2004
  • Litaniae de venerabili altaris Sacramento , B flat major, 3.53, ed. v. Armin Kircher, Stuttgart 2005
  • Works for piano, with an Andante Adlgasser from Mozart's first music book , ed. v. Petrus Eder, Munich 2008
  • Missa in C major, for voice and organ , 1.06 a. 18.02, published by Petrus Eder, Munich 2008
  • Sinfonia in C , 15.01, ed. v. W. Rainer, Munich 2009
  • Christmas offertory "Deo in altissimis gloria", October 5th, Bonn 2010
  • Scene music for Pietas in Deum , 10.14, ed. v. W. Rainer, Munich 2015
  • “Turkish” aria in D , 02/14, ed. v. W. Rainer, Munich 2016
  • Regina coeli in C , 6.21, ed. v. Dominik Šedivý, Munich 2016

literature

  • (Leopold Mozart): News of the current state of music, Sr. High Princely Grace of the Archbishop of Salzburg in the year 1757. In: Fr. W. Marpurg : Historisch-krit. Contributions to the recording of music , Vol. 3, Berlin 1757, pp. 183–198
  • Werner Rainer: AC Adlgasser's instrumental work, including biography and catalog raisonné. Phil. Diss. (Mschr.), Innsbruck 1963
  • Hellmut Federhofer : A Salzburg theoretician group. In: AMl 36 (1964), pp. 50-79
  • Werner Rainer: Anton Cajetan Adlgasser. In: MGSLK 105 (1965), pp. 205-237
  • Ernst Hintermaier: The Salzburg court orchestra from 1700 to 1806: organization and staff. Phil. Diss. (Mschr.), Salzburg 1972
  • Manfred Hermann Schmid : Mozart and the Salzburg tradition , Tutzing 1976
  • Heiner Boberski : The Benedictine Theater at the Old University of Salzburg (1617–1778). Vienna 1978
  • Christine D. de Catanzaro: Sacred Music in Mozart's Salzburg: Authenticity, Chronology, & Style in the Church Works of C. Adlgasser. Phil. Diss., Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 1990
  • Christine D. de Catanzaro / Werner Rainer: Anton Cajetan Adlgasser (1729–1777): A Thematic Catalog of His Works. Stuyvesant 1999
  • Heinz Schuler : Mozart's Salzburg friends and acquaintances . Biographies and Commentaries, paperbacks on musicology, Volume 117, Wilhelmshaven 1998, ISBN 3-7959-0653-9 .
  • Werner Rainer:  Anton Cajetan Adlgasser. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, personal section, volume 1 (Aagard - Baez). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1111-X , Sp. 156–160 ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
  • Christine de Catanzaro:  Anton Cajetan Adlgasser. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ^ Adlgasser enrolled on December 4, 1744, grammar at the University of Salzburg. In: University Archives Salzburg [1]
  2. ↑ digitized version
  3. ↑ Heinz Schuler : Mozart's Salzburg friends and acquaintances . Biographies and Commentaries, Wilhelmshaven 1998, p. 140.
personal data
SURNAME Adlgasser, Anton Cajetan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer and organist
DATE OF BIRTH October 1, 1729
PLACE OF BIRTH Niederachen , Inzell
DATE OF DEATH December 21, 1777
Place of death Salzburg