Arthur Breusing

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Arthur Breusing

Friedrich August Arthur Breusing (born March 18, 1818 in Osnabrück , † September 28, 1892 in Bremen ) was a German geographer and navigation teacher. Most recently he was director of the Bremen Seafaring School.

Life

Breusing was the third son of a provincial tax director in Osnabrück . He attended the grammar school Osnabrück and the grammar school Georgianum (Lingen) and from 1838 studied mathematics, physics, natural sciences, meteorology and literature at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität (1838), the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität (1840) and the Georg- August University (1841-1848). Breusing was a member of the Corps Hansea Bonn I (1843) and Hanseatia Berlin. In 1847 he passed the teaching examination for mathematics , physics and German literary history . In 1889 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences .

However, he followed the advice of relatives and decided to become a navigation teacher . In 1847 he was a seaman for a short time on a scholarship. In 1848 he served as an ordinary seaman on a schooner and sailed to Rio de Janeiro . From February 1850 he was a navigation teacher at the Bremer Steuermannschule , which was founded in 1798 as a navigation school. One of his important students was the polar explorer Carl Koldewey . In 1858 he became director of the helmsman's school. On behalf of the Bremen Senate , he visited the navigation schools in Berlin , Küstrin , Bromberg , Danzig and Königsberg i by train in the summer of the same year . Pr. The detour to Pillau was only possible with the stagecoach. On the way back he came to the Hamburg navigation school via Danzig, Grabowo (Stettin) and Lübeck . Due to his reputation and his activities, the Bremer Steuermannschule developed into the leading German navigation school. In 1877 she moved into a new building. In 1860 he revised and supplemented the Guide to Little Helmsman's Art (1852) to include the nautical auxiliary tables first published in 1857 . He published the entire work under the title Steuermannskunst , the 5th edition of which appeared in 1890. With the Steuermannskunst he was in 1861 by the Georg-August University for Dr. phil. PhD .

During the German Revolution , Breusing played a leading role in the student body from February to May 1848. Nevertheless, he became an ardent supporter of Otto von Bismarck . His son, who was born on July 15, 1866, was baptized in the name of Siegfried Bismarck . Arthur Breusing was a member of the Bremen citizenship . He died at the age of 74 and was buried in the Waller Friedhof .

Works

Helmsman School in Bremen
  • Four-digit logarithms for use in schools . Bremen 1851.
  • Little helmsman's skill. Guide to teaching. Bremen 1852.
  • Nautical information boards . Bremen 1857. Various reprints, later titles: “Breusing's Nautische Tafeln” and “Nautische Tafeln”.
  • Helmsman's skill . Bremen 1860. Various reprints, later titles: "Breusing's Steuermannskunst" and "Steuermannkunst. Navigation textbook ”.
  • with Adolph Bermpohl : Catechism of the art of helmsmen and seamanship . Bremen 1863. Various reprints, later title: "Fraglehre für Seefahrtsschulen".
  • On the history of geography . 1. Flavio Gioja and the ship's compass . 2. Regiomontanus, Martin Behaim and the Jacob's staff . 3. The Catena a poppa at Pigafetta and the Logge . Journal of the Society for Geography in Berlin 4 (1869), Issue 1, pp. 31–51; Issue 2, pp. 97-115.
  • Gerhard Kremer called Mercator, the German geographer . Duisburg 1869 and 1978.
  • The nautical book of the sea. Nautical introduction to Karl Koppmann: Das Seebuch . Bremen 1876.
  • Vernier or vernier? Astronomische Nachrichten 96 (1879), pp. 129-133.
  • Life news from Bernhard Varenius . Dr. A. Petermann's Mittheilungen from Justus Perthes' Geographischer Anstalt 26 (1880), pp. 136-145.
  • On the history of cartography . Journal for Scientific Geography 2 (1881), pp. 129-133 and pp. 180-195.
  • Guide through the cradle age of cartography up to 1600 with a special focus on Germany . Frankfurt am Main 1883.
  • Mercator, Gerhard M. (Kremer) . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie 21 (1885), pp. 385-397.
  • Nautical about Homeros . New Yearbooks for Philology and Education, Vol. 131 (1885), pp. 81-102; 133: 81-92 (1886); Vol. 135 (1887), pp. 1-12.
  • The nautical of the ancients . Bremen 1886.
  • The solution to the puzzle. Odysseus' wanderings, along with additions and corrections to the nautical science of the ancients . Bremen 1889.
  • The nautical instruments up to the introduction of the mirror sextant . Bremen 1890.
  • The leveling of the sphere surface for graticule designs. A guide to teaching . Leipzig 1892.

memory

Two fish steamers were named after Breusing ; the imaged ran in 1907 by the stack and ran to 1914 for the Hanseatische ocean fishing in Bremerhaven . In the First World War by the Imperial Navy complained, he sank in 1918 after a mine hit .

The First and Second German North Polar Expeditions , both led by Breusing's pupil Carl Koldewey , each named a cape after him, the north-western cape of the island Wilhelmøya in the Svalbard archipelago and a cape in the east of the island of Clavering Ø off the coast of East Greenland.

  • FD Arthur Breusing

  • University of Bremen

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Kösener corps lists 1910, 22 , 12; 8 , 18
  2. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 49.
  3. ↑ G. Oestmann: A Bremen navigation teacher on a “trip abroad” - Arthur Breusing's visit to the navigation schools in Prussia, Lübeck and Hamburg in 1858 (2007)
personal data
SURNAME Breusing, Arthur
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Breusing, Friedrich August Arthur (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German navigation teacher, Member of the Bundestag
DATE OF BIRTH March 18, 1818
PLACE OF BIRTH Osnabrück
DATE OF DEATH September 28, 1892
Place of death Bremen