Babí (Náchod)
| Babí | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Královéhradecký kraj | ||||
| District : | After that | ||||
| Municipality : | After that | ||||
| Area : | 216.3665 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 26 ' N , 16 ° 10' E | ||||
| Residents : | 769 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 547 01 | ||||
| License plate : | N / A | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Náchod - Pavlišov - Hronov | ||||
| Railway connection: | Choceň – Meziměstí railway line | ||||
Babí (German babe , earlier also baby ) has been a district of the city of Náchod in the Czech Republic since 1951 . It is located two kilometers northeast of the center of Náchod.
geography
Babí is located on a hill in the Náchodská vrchovina . Neighboring towns are Pavlišov (Paulisch) in the north, Velké Poříčí and Malé Poříčí (Klein Poritsch) in the northeast, Běloves (Bielowes) in the east and Kramolna in the southwest. Across the border with Poland, which can be reached via the Słone border crossing , is Kudowa-Zdrój (Bad Kudowa) to the northeast .
history
Babi, which belonged to the old Bohemian Königgrätzer Kreis , was first mentioned in a document in 1415. At that time, King Wenceslas IV confirmed the possession of Náchod and the Nachod places belonging to the Náchod Castle to Boček II of Podebrady . Since it did not have its own house of worship, it belonged to the parish church of St. Laurentius in Náchod for pastoral care purposes. The oldest known owner of the outdoor farm in Babí is recorded for 1545 with Albrecht Třebešovský of Chleny (z Chlen a na Babí) , who also had a residence on Náchoder náměstí (main square) . The outdoor farm presumably stood on the site of an earlier wooden fortress , which was surrounded by a wall and a moat, the traces of which were still visible in the 1890s. In 1836 Babí consisted of 29 houses in which 111 people lived.
After the replacement of patrimonial in 1848 Babí formed an independent municipality, the first mayor (starosta) Antonín Hejzlar was. From 1850 Babí belonged to the Neustadt an der Mettau district . In the same year Babí was merged with the municipality of Malé Poříčí (Klein Poritsch) , with which it remained connected until 1909.
There was a significant economic boom in 1864 when the textile entrepreneur Isaac (Izák) Daniel Pick (1824–1904) set up a linen spinning mill with 4000 spindles in the meadows of Dolní Babí to the south-east of the village, employing more than 700 workers. After its bankruptcy in 1869, it was bought by Simon Katzau and converted into a cotton mill. After his death in 1873 the factory was inherited by his sons Dr. Felix Katzau (1848–1926) and Richard Katzau (1849–1924). In 1875 Babí received a stop on the Choceň – Meziměstí railway line (Chotzen - Halbstadt) . In the 1890s the Katzau company employed more than 400 workers, the number of which doubled by 1914. The number of spindles had increased fivefold by 1909. Correspondingly, the population of Babí had more than tripled from 284 in 1880 to 935 in 1910. The voluntary fire brigade was founded in 1887, the first school was built in 1895 and in 1897 Babí was given a post office. In 1899 Babí was incorporated into the newly formed Náchod district. In 1908 the Katzau company built workers' apartments based on a design by the Viennese architect Viktor Postelberg (1869–1920).
After the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918, a local chronicle was created in Babí. The entry on the first page comes from the then President Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk , who was then in transit. Due to the influence of the left-wing party, strikes broke out in the Katzau company in 1922. 1928–1930 the Katzau company built a row house colony with workers' apartments based on the design of the Viennese architect Adolf Loos . Since Babí was only a few kilometers from the eastern border with the German Empire , defenses of the Czechoslovak Wall were built in the municipality from 1936 . Before the war began in 1939, the Katzau company was Aryanized . During the war, aircraft engines for Deutsche Lufthansa AG were manufactured and repaired in the factory buildings for war purposes .
The eastern corridors of Babi have bordered Poland since the end of the war in 1945. The former Katzau company was nationalized in 1945 and incorporated into the Tepna textile association. The planned construction of a chapel did not come about because the communists came to power in 1948. Subsequent reprisals by the Jednotné zemědělské družstvo agricultural cooperative were directed against, among other things, farmers who were not prepared to transfer their land, agricultural equipment and stables to the cooperative. In 1951 Babí was incorporated into the city of Náchod. On March 3, 1991 the place had 738 inhabitants; in the 2001 census, there were 769 people in Babí's 226 houses.
Attractions
- Row house colony Na Vyšehradě 154, designed by the architect Adolf Loos; it was added to the list of monuments in 1958.
- Stone cross from 1832 in memory of the plague epidemic.
- Memorial plaque made of marble on the school building, in memory of Johann Amos Comenius , who had to leave his Moravian homeland as a religious refugee and is said to have been adopted in Babí. This is a legend because the crossing over the Bohemian border actually took place near Babí north of Trautenau .
- Bell tower, built in 1927 on the site of the old wooden bell tower. The Náchod architect Bedřich Kuchař created the design.
- Statue of St. Johannes von Nepomuk at the former fire station.
literature
- Jan Karel Hraše: Dějiny Náchoda 1620–1740 . Náchod 1994, ISBN 80-900041-8-0 , pp. 16, 61 and 96
- Lydia Baštecká, Ivana Ebelová: Náchod . Náchod 2004, ISBN 80-7106-674-5 , pp. 55, 111, 176, 180, 183, 185, 203, 215, 219, 227, 246 and 259
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ area
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 4: Königgrätzer Kreis, Prague 1836, p. 225 digitized
- ↑ Viktor Postelberg
- ↑ http://www.beloves.wz.cz/tovarni.htm
- ↑ 2001 census
- ↑ Description