Building lottery plate

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The Bauschlotter Platte is an approx. 80 km² arid karst plateau made of Triassic limestone in the north-western Enzkreis . It borders in the south on the slopes of the Enz valley in Pforzheim and in the north on the city of Bretten .

The name comes from the place Bauschlott , which is located in the center of the plate.

View over the Bauschlotter Platte from Eisinger Loch to the east-southeast

Natural space

The Bauschlotter Platte is defined as a natural spatial sub- unit in the system of the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany :

The northernmost point of the sub-unit is north of the city of Knittlingen ; from here the border runs south-east to north of Mühlacker and then follows the edge of the Enz Valley to north of Pforzheim. The western border of the sub-unit follows the edge of the valleys of the Kämpfelbach and its tributaries and runs from the Neulingen district of Nussbaum - crossing the Salzach and Weißach - to the north-northeast towards Knittlingen.

A geological publication sees the Enz in the south and southeast as the natural boundary of the Bauschlotter Platte; adjacent areas are the Stromberg in the east and the red sandstone slab around Langensteinbach and Auerbach west of the Pfinz . There is no morphologically sharp boundary to the west, northwest and north; the Bauschlotter Platte merges into the hilly landscape of the central Kraichgau.

In the handbook of the natural spatial structure , the Bauschlotter Platte is characterized as the Korngäu type (122.41) in the Pfinzhügelland, whereby the superordinate Pfinzhügelland due to its peripheral location to the Black Forest is assigned a certain relationship to the Upper Gäu (122.4). Hardly cut by valleys, soft trough shapes predominate on the Bauschlotter Platte . The mostly deforested plateaus are between 280 and 390 meters above sea level.

geology

The subsurface of the Bauschlotter Platte consists of rocks from the Upper Muschelkalk and Keuper . The shell limestone accounts for the main part of the subsoil structure, it consists of limestones , marls and dolomites and is partly karstified , so that rainwater seeps away very quickly and passes into the groundwater .

New Eisinger Loch

Among the most famous geotopes the Bauschlotter plate include the Old and the New Eisinger hole , two Trichterdolinen in Eisingen that on a rejection by leaching of gypsum - and rock salt deposits in the Middle Muschelkalk have emerged. The New Eisinger Loch collapsed on December 15, 1966 and soon afterwards reached a depth of over 45 meters with a base area of ​​14 by 7 meters.

Part of the Bauschlotter Platte is the Katharinentaler Senke (also Katharinentalerhof Senke ), with 10.6 km² one of the largest areas in Germany without above-ground runoff. The depression mainly drains via the Fuchsloch , a shrinkage east of the Katharinentalerhof. Another karst basin without above-ground drainage is the 3.1 km² Enzenloch in the area of ​​the Pforzheim-West junction of the Federal Motorway 8 and the Wilferdinger Höhe industrial area there .

In hydrogeological dyeing tests carried out mainly in the 1970s , connections between shrinkage in the karst area and several springs were found . It was found that the construction gravel plate has a pronounced direction of flow to the north, which corresponds to the layer falling. An important drainage element is the Enzbrunnen on the Salzach south of Bretten; The aquifer continues to the north under the spring and feeds the Schwallenbrunnen near Bruchsal-Heidelsheim. Unambiguous groundwater dividers cannot be established because the drains fork at several points and there are tributaries to the southwest to the Kämpfelbach and thus to the Pfinz and to the southeast to the tributaries of the Enz . So water from the foxhole in the Katharinentaler Basin emerged first and mainly in the Enzbrunnen 10 kilometers away; a secondary outlet followed in the Kämpfelbach spring just under four kilometers away.

The soil is very fertile due to the partly heavy ice age deposits of loess sediments , but the number of frost and ice days is increased compared to the rest of the Kraichgau due to the location in the corner between the Black Forest and Stromberg .

Water management

Settlements such as Bauschlott, Göbrichen or Kieselbronn were founded at springs that emerge from the Lower Keuper , mostly above dammed layers of marl . The catchment area of ​​the springs was small, the discharge low, but relatively constant. Today the communities are mostly connected to the Lake Constance water supply.

Some of the dyeing tests carried out in the 1970s were used to investigate possible dangers to drinking water wells . The approximately 72 km² water protection area Bretten, Bauschlotter Platte was designated in September 1992 to protect the groundwater in the catchment areas of deep wells near Bretten and Neulingen - Nussbaum from pollutants. The water protection area includes central areas of the Bauschlotter Platte and areas around the city of Bretten.

In the mid-1990s, the city of Pforzheim designated the Hohenäcker industrial park , which is located south of the Federal Motorway 8 and within the Katharinental Valley. In order to keep sewage and polluted rainwater away from the shrinkage of the depression, the Obsthofstollen , a 1000 meter long sewage tunnel to the catchment area of ​​the Enz, was completed in 1999 . The designation of the Buchbusch industrial park north of the Autobahn met with protests around 2000, with reference to the highly productive agricultural areas and the importance of the Katharinental Basin for local recreation and cold air production. A pumping station was built to drain the new industrial area, which lifts the water to the fruit farm tunnel . In 2012, an Amazon logistics center was put into operation in Buchbusch .

literature

  • Gudrun Tenhaeff, Werner Käss: Karst hydrological investigations in the area of ​​the Bauschlotter Platte (North Baden). In: Annual books of the Geological State Office Baden-Württemberg. ISSN  0408-1560 , 29 (1987), pp. 209-254.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich Huttenlocher , Hansjörg Dongus : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 170 Stuttgart. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1949, revised 1967. →  Online map (PDF; 4.0 MB)
    Josef Schmithüsen : Geographical survey of the country: The natural units on sheet 161 Karlsruhe. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1952. →  Online map (PDF; 5.1 MB)
  2. ↑ Tenhaeff, Käss, Karsthydrological Investigations , p. 212.
  3. ^ Friedrich Huttenlocher, Hansjörg Dongus: Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 170 Stuttgart. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1949, revised 1967, pp. 53, 55.
  4. ↑ Jesús María Vías, Christoph Neukum, Heinz Hötzl & Bartolomé Andreo: Statistical comparison and control of different vulnerability mapping methods in Bauschlotter Platte aquifer (Germany). (pdf file, 10.5 MB) (No longer available online.) p. 263 , formerly in the original ; accessed on January 31, 2010 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www1.unine.ch  
  5. ↑ Profile Geotope Old and New Eisinger Loch E from Eisingen at the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining , as of November 22, 2016 (pdf, 1.8 MB).
  6. ↑ Tenhaeff, Käss, Karsthydrological Investigations , p. 229 f.
  7. ↑ Christoph Neukum: Determination of a validation parameter for the comparison of vulnerability concepts in karst areas. (= Series of Applied Geology Karlsruhe , Volume 74) Dissertation University of Karlsruhe, 2006, pp. 28–30, 32.
  8. ^ Landscapes and soils in the administrative district of Karlsruhe. (pdf file; 10.8 MB) (No longer available online.) p. 51 , archived from the original on September 16, 2011 ; accessed on January 31, 2010 .
  9. ↑ Tenhaeff, Käss, Karst Hydrologic Studies , p 219;
    Joachim Bartz: On the geology of the area around Bauschlott. A "scene" from the development of the Kraichgau landscape. In: Johannes Canis: Bauschlott. Documentation from history, culture and economy. Published by the community of Bauschlott, Bauschlott 1971, pp. 10–11, here p. 11.
  10. ↑ Lake Constance water supply: overview map of the pipeline network. (pdf, 1.4 MB);
    Bodensee water supply: Association members of the special purpose association Bodensee water supply. As of November 13, 2018 (PDF, 21 kB).
  11. ↑ Tenhaeff, Käss, Karsthydrological Investigations , p. 244.
  12. ↑ Map of the water protection area Bretten, Bauschlotter Platte on: Landesanstalt für Umwelt Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( Notes )
    Ordinance of the Karlsruhe Regional Council on the protection of groundwater in the catchment area of ​​the groundwater wells deep wells "II, III and IIIb" and deep wells "Diedelsheim" of the city of Bretten and deep well "Binzenlöchle" of the municipality of Neulingen (water protection area "Bauschlotter Platte") from September 7, 1992 at LUBW (PDF, 383 kB).
  13. ^ Regine Einfeld: The Katharinentaler Senke - a walk with insights and views. In: The Enzkreis. ISSN  0935-9125 , 14 (2012) pp. 21-39, here pp. 36 f.

Coordinates: 48 ° 58 '  N , 8 ° 43'  E