Beaucarnea

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Beaucarnea
Beaucarnea gracilis in Mexico

Beaucarnea gracilis in Mexico

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily : Nolinoideae
Genre : Beaucarnea
Scientific name
Beaucarnea
Lem.

Beaucarnea is a genus of plants that belongs to the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). It is common in Central America .

description

Beaucarnea stricta

Vegetative characteristics

The species of the genus Beaucarnea grow shrubby to tree-shaped. The elongated stems are swollen at the base and tapered towards the tip. Due to the remains of the leaf bases, their surface appears irregularly pitted. The perennial leaves that stand together in rosettes have broad, linear, stiff, tapered, furrowed leaf blades that are widened at their base. The leaf margins are serrated, smooth or slightly rough.

Generative characteristics

The paniculate inflorescence contains numerous stalked flowers . The relatively small, fragrant flowers are threefold and unisexual, only a few are hermaphroditic. The two by three bracts are white, yellow or cream-colored. Male flowers are short-lived. The ovary contains two to three ovules . Three-winged capsule fruits are formed.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Beaucarnea is distributed in Central America in Mexico , Guatemala , Belize , Honduras and possibly Nicaragua .

The genus Beaucarnea is according to Bogler et al. 1996 closely related to the genera Nolina and Calibanus :

 Nolineae clade 


Dasylirion


   

Beaucarnea


   

Calibanus




   

Nolina




According to Rojas-Piña et al. In 2014, Beaucarnea and Nolina are separate genera, but the species in the genus Calibanus will be incorporated into the genus Beaucarnea .

The genus Beaucarnea was established in 1861 by Charles Lemaire . Type species is Beaucarnea recurvata Lem. The botanical genus name Beaucarnea honors Jean-Baptiste Beaucarne, a Belgian succulent lover and notary in Ename , who was the first to achieve flowers in Beaucarnea recurvata .

William Trelease divided the genus in 1911 into the two sections Beaucarnea and Papillatae . The genus Beaucarnea is poorly known. The following types belong to it:

Fritz Hochstätter divided the genre in 2016 differently than Trelease 1911, and differentiated:

  • Section Mexicanae Hochstätter with the type species Beaucarnea hookeri and the species: Beaucarnea recurvata , Beaucarnea sanctomariana , Beaucarnea gracilis , Beaucarnea compacta , Beaucarnea glassiana , Beaucarnea purpusii , Beaucarnea stricta and Beaucarnea hiriartiae .
  • Section South-Americanae Hochstätter with the type species Beaucarnea pliabilis and the species Beaucarnea guatemalensis and Beaucarnea goldmanii .

proof

literature

  • Mary Irish, Gary Irish: Agaves, yuccas, and related plants: A gardener's guide. Timber Press, 2000, ISBN 0-88192-442-3 . Pp. 184-190, plates 53-55.
  • CC Walker: Beaucarnea . In: Urs Eggli (Hrsg.): Succulent lexicon. Monocotyledons . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3662-7 , pp. 299-301 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ DJ Bogler, BB Simpson: Phylogeny of Agavaceae based on ITS rDNA sequence variation. In: American Journal of Botany. Volume 83, 1996, p. 1231 ( doi: 10.2307 / 2446206 ).
  2. ↑ a b c Vanessa Rojas-Piña, Mark E. Olson, Leonardo O. Alvarado-Cárdenas, Luís Enrique Eguiarte: Molecular phylogenetics and morphology of Beaucarnea (Ruscaceae) as distinct from Nolina, and the submersion of Calibanus into Beaucarnea. In: Taxon , Volume 63, 2014, pp. 1193-1211. doi : 10.12705 / 636.31
  3. ^ Charles Lemaire: L'Illustration horticole. Volume 8, 1861, Misc. P. 59 ( online ).
  4. ↑ Beaucarnea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed September 16, 2016.
  5. ↑ Joachim Thiede: Nomenclatural status of unranked names published by Trelease (1911) in Beaucarnea, Dasylirion, and Nolina (Asparagaceae-Nolinoideae). In: Phytoneuron . Number 2012–77, August 13, 2012, pp. 1–4 ( PDF ).
  6. ^ William Trelease : The desert group Nolineae. Beaucarnea. In: Proceedings, American Philosophical Society. Volume 50, 1911, pp. 427-431, (online) .
  7. ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Beaucarnea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved February 17, 2020.
  8. ↑ Calibanus hookeri at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  9. ^ Fritz Hochstätter : Beaucarnea Lem., Nolina Michx., Dasylirion Zucc. (Nolinaceae). 2016. ISSN 2364-5210. PDF.

Web links

Commons : Beaucarnea  - collection of images, videos and audio files