Dasylirion

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Dasylirion
Dasylirion miquihuanense In Tamaulipas

Dasylirion miquihuanense
In Tamaulipas

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily : Nolinoideae
Genre : Dasylirion
Scientific name
Dasylirion
Zucc.

Dasylirion is a genus of plants that belongs to the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). The botanical name is derived from the Greek words dasys for 'dense', 'rough', 'scruffy' and leirion for ' lily ' and was probably chosen because of the long, disordered leaves.

description

Vegetative characteristics

The species of the genus Dasylirion are low-growing, stem-forming, perennial shrubs. At the end of the thick, unbranched trunks, the leaves stand together in rosettes . Sometimes the leaf rosettes are more or less stemless. The leaves are linear, hard and fibrous. Their edge is finely sawn or prickly or unreinforced.

Generative characteristics

The elongated inflorescence is paniculate, has showy bracts and is up to 6 meters high. The flower stalk is divided at the flower base. The small, perennial flower cover is whitish. The six stamens are stunted in female flowers . The ovary carries two to three ovules . The very short stylus is upright. The thin-walled fruits are small capsules that contain only one seed .

distribution

The genus Dasylirion is common in Mexico and the southern United States from sea level to altitudes of 3000 meters. Most of the species are native to Mexico. They grow in the states of Chihuahua , Coahuila , Nuevo León , Tamaulipas , San Luis Potosí , Durango , Sonora , Hidalgo , Puebla , Querétaro , Oaxaca , Aguascalientes , Zacatecas , Guanajuato , Jalisco , Guerrero and México . In the southern United States, the distribution area includes the states of New Mexico , Arizona and Texas .

Locations are dry forest areas and bush formations, steppe areas, in grasslands as well as on stony, flat or steep slopes, with calcareous or volcanic subsoil and on gypsum dunes.

Systematics

External system

Dasylirion belongs to the tribe Nolineae of the subfamily of nolinoideae in the family of asparagaceae (Asparagaceae) within the monocotyledonous plants ( monocots ). Phylogenetic studies confirmed the close relationship with the genera Beaucarnea , Calibanus and Nolina , which was already assumed by William Trelease :

 Nolineae clade 


Dasylirion


   

Beaucarnea


   

Calibanus




   

Nolina




All four genera have narrow, fibrous leaves, small, unisexual flowers and dry, capsule-like fruits that contain one to three seeds. They differ mainly in the morphology of the fruit. Nolina has fruits with three well-developed chambers and usually three seeds. Calibanus also has three-chambered fruits, but only one of the three ovules matures into a seed and crushes the other two chambers. Beaucarnea and Dasylirion form three-winged fruits with only one chamber and one seed. Dasylirion can be easily distinguished by the pointed spines on the leaf margins.

Internal system

Dasylirion
Detail from the inflorescence of Dasylirion serratifolium

The genus was first described in 1838 by Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini . William Trelease divided the genus in 1911 into the two sections Dasylirion and Quadrangulatae . Fritz Hochstätter added the Glaucophylla section in 2011 .

The genus Dasylirion is poorly known. According to Fritz Hochstätter (2011), it includes the following species:

proof

literature

  • David J. Bogler: Ph. D. Dissertation: Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Dasylirion (Nolinaceae) . In: The University of Texas and Austin . 1994, pp. 1-584
  • David J. Bogler: Systematics of Dasylirion: taxonomy and molecular phylogeny . In: Boletin de la Sociedad Botanica de Mexico . Volume 56, 1995, pp. 69-76
  • David J. Bogler, BB Simpson: Phylogeny of Agavaceae based on ITS rDNA sequence variation . In: American Journal of Botany . Volume 83, 1996, pp. 1225-1235, doi : 10.2307 / 2446206 .
  • David J. Bogler: Three new species of Dasylirion (Nolinaceae) from Mexico and a clarification of the D. longissimum complex . In: Brittonia . Volume 50, Number 1, 1998, pp. 71-86, doi : 10.2307 / 2807720 .
  • David J. Bogler: Dasylirion . In: Flora of North America . Volume 26, 2003, p. 422, (online)
  • Fritz Hochstätter : Dasylirion Zucc. (Nolinaceae) Revisione del genere / Revision of the genus. Part 1 . In: Piante Grasse . tape 31 , no. 1 , 2011, p. 21-26 .
  • Fritz Hochstätter: Dasylirion Zucc. (Nolinaceae) Revisione del genere / Revision of the genus. Part 2 . In: Piante Grasse . tape 31 , no. 3 , 2011, p. 106-122 .
  • Fritz Hochstätter: Dasylirion Zucc. (Nolinaceae) Revisione del genere / Revision of the genus. Part 3 . In: Piante Grasse . tape 31 , no. 4 , 2011, p. 147, 162-181 .
  • Gary Irish: Agaves, yuccas, and related plants: A gardener's guide . Timber Press, 2000, ISBN 0881924423 . P. 44.
  • Paul S. Martin, David A. Yetman, Mark E. Fishbein, Philip D. Jenkins, Thomas R. Van Devender: Gentry's Rio Mayo Plants . The University of Arizona Press, 1998, ISBN 0816517266 , p. 48, p. 54, p. 172 and p. 491.
  • Joachim Thiede: Nomenclatural status of unranked names published by Trelease (1911) in Beaucarnea, Dasylirion, and Nolina (Asparagaceae-Nolinoideae) . In: Phytoneuron . Number 2012-77, August 13, 2012, pp. 1–4 ( PDF ).
  • William Trelease : The desert group Nolineae. Dasylirion . In: Proceedings, American Philosophical Society . Volume 50, 1911, pp. 431-441, (online) .
  • CC Walker: Dasylirion . In: Urs Eggli (Hrsg.): Succulent lexicon. Monocotyledons . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3662-7 , pp. 302-304 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ DJ Bogler, BB Simpson: Phylogeny of Agavaceae based on ITS rDNA sequence variation . 1996, p. 1231.
  2. ^ DJ Bogler, BB Simpson: Phylogeny of Agavaceae based on ITS rDNA sequence variation . 1996, pp. 1233-1234.
  3. ↑ Prof. Dr. Zuccarini: About a new genus from the family of the Bromeliaceae together with remarks about some Mexican agaves . In: General garden newspaper . Volume 6, number 33, 1838, p. 258, (online) .
  4. ^ William Trelease: The desert group Nolineae. Dasylirion . In: Proceedings, American Philosophical Society . Volume 50, 1911, p. 440, (online) .
  5. ^ Fritz Hochstätter: Dasylirion Zucc. (Nolinaceae). Revision of the genus. Part 1 . In: Piante Grasse . Volume 31, number 1, 2011, pp. 21-26.

Web links

Commons : Dasylirion  - collection of images, videos and audio files