Beregovoye (Kaliningrad, Baltiysk)
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Beregowoje
Tenkitten Береговое
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Beregowoje ( Russian Береговое , German Tenkitten , Lithuanian Tenkytai ) is a 4,000 year old village in Samland , west of Primorsk (Frischhausen) . Formerly in the hinterland , today it is due to the demolition of land on the Baltic Sea . Beregovoye is located in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad and belongs to the municipality of Baltijskoje gorodskoje posselenije in the Baltiysk district .
Geographical location
Bergowoje is 34 kilometers west of the oblast capital Kaliningrad (Königsberg) and three kilometers from the former district town Primorsk (Fischhausen) , it can be reached via an impassable road in a westerly direction from the regional road 27A-016 (ex A193 ). The nearest train station is Primorsk- Nowy on the Kaliningrad- Baltiysk railway line (Königsberg-Pillau) .
history
The small village of Tenkitten was first mentioned in documents in 1493, although it is much older settlement land. In the Middle Ages it had for the Teutonic Order crowd work to do. Around 1831 the parish of the village - mainly containing clay soil - had an area of 476 acres , and there were seven arable estates here. Around 1825 a leasehold with 135.8 acres with an official estimate of 1006 thalers was offered for sale.
In 1874 the place was assigned to the district of Lochstädt (Russian: Pawlowo, no longer existent). He belonged to the district of Fischhausen in the administrative district of Königsberg in the Prussian province of East Prussia . In 1914 Tenkitten became an official village itself and remained so until 1945. In 1928 the neighboring municipality of Kalkstein (Russian after 1945: Uspeschnoje, no longer existed) was attached to Tenkitten.
In 1945 Tenkitten was placed under Soviet administration together with northern East Prussia as a result of the war . The place received the Russian name Beregovoye at an unknown time and was subordinated to the city of Primorsk . Since 2008, Beregovoye has belonged to the municipality of Baltijskoje gorodskoje posselenije in the Baltiysk district .
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1816 | 62 | |
| 1831 | 76 | |
| 1910 | 114 | |
| 1933 | 216 | including limestone |
| 1939 | 258 | including limestone |
| 2010 | 13 |
Tenkitten District (1914–1945)
On March 14, 1914, Tenkitten became the seat and eponymous place of an administrative district, which was formed by renaming the previous district of Lochstädt (Russian: Pawlowo). It belonged to the district of Fischhausen , from 1939 to the district of Samland in the administrative district of Königsberg in the Prussian province of East Prussia . The following were incorporated: the rural community Kalkstein (Russian: Uspeschnoje, later incorporated into the rural community Tenkitten), the rural community Legehnen (Popowka, later to Dargen ) and the manor district Kobbelbude, Forst (later to Tenkitten) as well as the official seat of Tenkitten.
On March 24, 1930, the three rural communities of the dissolved administrative district of Domain Fischhausen were integrated into the Tenkitten district, which - together with Tenkitten - still belonged to the Tenkitten district on January 1, 1945 - he joined the Samland district in 1939 : Dargen ( Russian: Lunino), Gaffken (Parusnoje) and Sanglienen (Chmeljowka, no longer existent).
"Tenkitter bar"
In the final phase of the war, Tenkitten was the focus of military conflicts in 1945. With the last of its strength, the German Wehrmacht defended the so-called Tenkitter bar with heavy losses in order to delay the advance of the Red Army on the port city of Pillau as long as possible. This gave the “Escape by Sea” campaign for nine more days from April 16 to 25, 1945, the opportunity to save refugees by ship or by crossing over to the Fresh Spit .
Parish
Tenkitten had its own house of worship in the period 1424–1669, the Sankt-Adalbert-Kapelle , which stood outside the village center southwest of Tenkitten near the coast and which probably belonged to Marshal Ludwig von Lanse († 1451) in memory of April 997 in this area Martyrdom suffered by the Roman Catholic missionary Adalbert of Prague . In the course of the Reformation , the chapel was rededicated as a Protestant parish church in 1525. The chapel partially collapsed during a heavy storm in 1669 and was never restored afterwards. In the 18th century, an iron cross was erected at its former location.
Until 1945 Tenkitten was integrated into the Protestant parish of the parish in Lochstädt , whose pastors lived in Tenkitten and which belonged to the parish of Fischhausen (Primorsk) in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . Today Beregovoye is in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Swetly , a branch congregation of the Resurrection Church in Kaliningrad in the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
The altar of Mary
The Marien altar from the St. Adalbert Chapel near Tenkitten in Samland shows the coronation of the Mother of God in the middle and St. Barbara and St. James on the side wings. This altar from 1504 - probably from a Nuremberg workshop - was a joint gift from Grand Master Friedrich von Meißen , Lochstadt caretaker von Reitzenstein and Amber Master Leo von Waiblingen to the church in Tenkitten. After the chapel collapsed, it was briefly moved to the Lochstedt castle chapel , but was soon sold. It can be concluded from this that Lochstedt has always been a place of worship for Saint Adalbert. At the end of the 1660s, Mr. von Blell – Tüngen acquired the altar and donated it, along with many other collectibles, to the Marienburg. Today the altar can be viewed in the Marienburg Museum.
St. Adalbert Cross
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On the site of the ruins of the St. Adalbert Chapel, which can still be seen, a 9.5 m high wooden cross was erected from an oak trunk in 1822 , which did not withstand the storms for long.
The Polish Countess Wielopolska donated an almost equally high iron cross (8.78 m) because she found refuge in Fischhausen in the November uprising in 1831. Count Dohna-Wundlaken , Consistorial President in Königsberg i. Pr. , Had the iron tendrils incorporated. The cross stood until the Battle of Königsberg in April 1945. For the 1000th anniversary of the martyrdom of St. Adalbert in 1997 a new cross was erected.
literature
- Leopold Krug : The Prussian Monarchy; presented topographically, statistically and economically. According to official sources . Part I: Province of Prussia . Berlin 1833, p. 133.
- Ernst August Hagen : About the St. Adalbert's Chapel in Tenkitten . In: New Prussian Provincial Papers . Volume 5, Koenigsberg 1848, pp. 256-276.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Lange : News about the iron cross erected at Tenkitten in memory of St. Adalbert . In: Prussian provincial sheets . Volume 12, July-December 1834, pp. 441-454.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Lange : Addendum to the description of the St. Adalbert Cross erected near Tenkitten in the Provinzial-Blatte November issue 1834 . In: Prussian provincial sheets . Volume 17, Königsberg 1837, pp. 385-386.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ R. Kuhlemann: The village of Tenkitten
- ↑ Tenkitten at genealogy.net
- ↑ D. Lange, Ortsinformationen Bildarchiv Ostpreußen: Tenkitten (unfortunately confusion with Tenkieten in the case of Russian names and year of foundation )
- ↑ a b c d Leopold Krug : The Prussian Monarchy; presented topographically, statistically and economically. According to official sources . Part I: Province of Prussia . Berlin 1833, p. 133.
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Lochstädt / Tenkitten district
- ↑ census data
- ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 5: T – Z , Halle 1823, p. 10, item 367.
- ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, Fischhausen district
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. samland.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). >
- ↑ According to the census
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Tenkitten district
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Robert Kuhlemann: The Adalbert Cross
- ^ Robert Albinus: Königsberg Lexicon . Würzburg 2002, ISBN 3-88189-441-1
- ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Lange : Message about the iron cross erected at Tenkitten in memory of St. Adalbert . In: Prussian provincial sheets . Volume 12, July-December 1834, pp. 441-454.
- ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Lange : Addendum to the description of the St. Adalbert Cross erected at Tenkitten in the Provinzial-Blatte November-Heft 1834 . In: Prussian provincial sheets . Volume 17, Königsberg 1837, pp. 385-386.
