Wuhlheide Park Railway

Wuhlheide Park Railway
Course book section (DB) :	12299
Route length:	7.50 km
Gauge :	600 mm ( narrow gauge )
Top speed:	20 km / h
Usually traveled route
Legend from depot 3.6 Item level 1 0.0 Central Station usual driving directions 0.7 Stadion 0.6 Item BÜ 21/22 from the depot 0.7 Item level 3/4 0.8 Oak frame 0.9 Item level 5 1.1 former Badesee railway station 0.2 Parking platform 0.0 1.5 Item level 7 1.6 Bathing lake to the depot / depot 0.0 0.2 Item BÜ 30 0.2 Connecting curve for the Berlin outer ring 0.4 Berlin outer ring 0.5 Wuhlheide Park Railway

The Parkeisenbahn Wuhlheide (also Berliner Parkeisenbahn (BPE)) is a narrow-gauge railway in the Wuhlheide in Berlin-Oberschöneweide, which is mainly operated by children and young people .

business

As with other former pioneer railways, children and young people take over a large part of the operation. You are responsible for almost all positions yourself. This includes conductors (from nine years), gatekeepers (from ten years), local supervisors , train drivers (from twelve years) and dispatchers (from fifteen years). Train drivers and shunting managers , on the other hand, are only allowed to be adults (aged 18 and over). In a course system, the children learn more and more qualifications as they get older and can, among other things , train to become a wagon master , train driver or telecommunications technician . Over 170 park railroaders take care of the operation of the railway. The Berliner Parkeisenbahn is recognized under tax law as a non-profit organization and in youth work as a “provider of free youth welfare ”. Child and youth work is largely in the hands of volunteers . The railway supervisory authority is the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment . The legal basis for the operation of the railway has been the building and operating regulations for pioneer railways since 1980 . An average of around 60,000 guests visit the railway every year.

history

Emergence

The Eichgestell station

Track in the park

Already in 1951 (then still in Pioneer Park "Ernst Thalmann" Berlin pioneering Republic called) a working group "Young railwayman" founded on the East Berlin Christmas market in front of the Berlin Cathedral , with the support and vehicles of Dresdner Pioniereisenbahn a miniature railway operation. The pioneer railroaders were able to gain further experience in the summer months on a narrow-gauge railway in the Zittau Mountains .

In 1954 the route in Wuhlheider Park was measured, but construction was not started until 1956: On January 3, 1956, the 80th birthday of the President of the GDR, Wilhelm Pieck , Transport Minister Erwin Kramer and the management of the Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR) announced in Pioneer Park "Ernst Thälmann" to build a pioneer railway (PE) based on the model of other pioneer railways in the GDR and the Soviet Union . The railway was completed in just six months of construction thanks to the voluntary work of a thousand railway workers and many “volunteers” from the Berlin population.

Pioneer railway

On June 10, 1956, the day of the railroad worker , it was opened by Transport Minister Kramer and handed over to the East Berlin magistrate as the legal entity. At that time it had two diesel locomotives and eight semi-open passenger cars as a vehicle fleet . It was the sixth pioneer railway in the GDR. The route length was 6.9 km. The pioneer railway also served to a considerable extent to promote young talent for the Deutsche Reichsbahn.

In 1963, the young railway workers received uniforms from the DR that largely corresponded to those of the DR. For the younger employees, however, there were also shorts.

In 1973, in preparation for the 10th World Festival of Youth and Students, all operating systems were overhauled. The vehicles were also modernized. In 1978 the DR took over the management of the railway as the only one of the pioneer railways in the GDR. All others remained communal institutions. The DR saw the railway primarily as a training facility. As a result, public interest in the railway took a back seat and no value was placed on high passenger numbers. The focus was on having a “modern” railway. This also meant that historical rolling stock was not preserved.

With the construction of the Pioneer Palace in 1979, the route south of the bathing lake had to be relocated to its north side and the former Badesee railway station had to be abandoned. The Pionierpalast station (today Eichgestell ) was rebuilt. The route length was now 7.2 km.

In 1982 another diesel locomotive was procured as an operating reserve, Ns 4 . In the second half of the 1980s, there was a rethinking of the historical value of the railway. In 1987, PE therefore received its first steam locomotive from LOWA, a restored locomotive for the Berlin rubble railway .

After the turn

Wuhlheide-Parkeisenbahn station

1990 was Pioniereisenbahn Berlin in Berlin park railway renamed initially but the management remained in the hands of the DR, where it was run as a department of the maintenance work for the signaling and telecommunications technology. On the one hand, the economic consequences of the reunification of Germany posed a threat to the continued existence of the BPE; on the other hand, supporting associations emerged, the Schmalspurbahn-Freunde Berlin e. V. and the Friends of the Berliner Parkeisenbahn e. V. Since 1992 at the latest, the Deutsche Reichsbahn has been pressing to be released from responsibility for the BPE. During this difficult time, the project to connect the Berlin Park Railway to the Berlin Wuhlheide station of the S-Bahn Berlin was tackled: For the season opening on March 28, 1992, the then Senator for Youth and Family , Thomas Krüger , once proposed a pioneer railroader himself , symbolically insert the first sleeper nail for the project. However, construction did not actually begin until August 15, 1993.

In 1992 the 2nd International Light Railroad Meeting took place in Wuhlheide, at which numerous guest vehicles could be seen on the tracks of the park railway. It became a brilliant advertising success for the Berlin Park Railway and gave the impetus to transfer the railway to a limited liability company . In the same year, two more steam locomotives went into operation on loan: the Merapi and the Bielefeld . Shortly before Christmas 1992, three steam locomotives could be operated simultaneously for the first time. A fourth steam locomotive, Luise Las , followed - also on loan - in 1994.

On April 1, 1993, operations were transferred to the “Berliner Parkeisenbahn non-profit company” (BPE), whose shareholders are now the “Schmalspurbahn-Freunde Berlin” (SBF) and Dampf-Kleinbahn Mühlenstroth associations .

On 15 October 1993, the new, 0.6 km long distance from the train station was bathing the S-Bahn station Wuhlheide open - again by the Senator for Youth and Family, Thomas Krüger. The planning was still carried out by the DR, the construction was financed by the Berlin Senate. In 1995, after the fleet had grown steadily, the company workshop was expanded to include a new workshop hall. On October 3, 1995, the Governing Mayor , Eberhard Diepgen , visited the Berlin Park Railway.

Since 1997, a so-called self-control operation was set up in the Badesee signal box, operations on this route can be carried out automatically when the signal box is unoccupied.

Recent developments

Youth work at the BPE: AG Telecommunication Technology

In 2006, the BPE was renamed “Parkeisenbahn Wuhlheide”, while the operating company continues to operate under the name “BPE Berliner Parkeisenbahn Zivilnützige Gesellschaft mbH”.

In spring 2007, numerous vehicles were destroyed or damaged by arson in the BPE depot. Much of the damage was repaired by the end of 2007.

On March 27, 2010, the new Haus Natur und Umwelt station , located on the Badesee - Freilichtbühne route , went into operation.

Abuse affair

In October 2011 it became known that there had been sexual abuse of children and adolescents by adults working for the Park Railway in previous years. The perpetrators were prosecuted. Some of the accused also worked for other railway associations. A round table was set up at the Berlin Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science to review what was happening and to realign the park railway. The former mayor of Treptow-Köpenick, Klaus Ulbricht , was appointed as the representative for the processing and further development process at the facility . The operating company reacted after it became aware of the incidents by immediately dismissing the suspects and informing the parents of all park railroaders and the authorities. Seminars on abuse prevention were held, police clearance certificates were requested from all employees and volunteers, and a new educational concept was developed. In addition, a child protection officer was hired, the children and young people being cared for were given greater say and transparency was created through structural measures.

vehicles

Steam locomotives

Klaus

Klaus
Steam locomotive Klaus at the main station
Numbering:	44
Manufacturer:	LKM - No. 16 045
Year of construction (s):	1950
Axis formula :	Bn2t
Gauge :	600 mm
Empty mass:	9.2 t
Service mass:	12 t
Top speed:	25 km / h
Traction power:	70 hp

After the end of the Second World War , the transport capacities of the existing outdated field railways were insufficient to drive the huge masses of rubble out of the city. New light rail locomotives were urgently needed. The traditional Orenstein & Koppel locomotive factory in Potsdam-Babelsberg on the outskirts of Berlin - renamed Lokomotivbau Karl Marx Babelsberg in 1948 on the instructions of the Soviet military administration in Germany (SMAD) - resumed production of construction locomotives in 1950.

The 70 hp variant was mainly used on the Berlin rubble railways, including locomotive 44. Little is known about its use after the rubble railway era, but there are many indications that it was used by the Bau-Union - later VEB Tiefbau . Most recently it was in operation as a heating locomotive in the Crimmitschau brick combine . After a long period of storage, it was recovered there in 1979 by the Transport History Working Group and brought to Berlin with the help of the Märkisches Museum . In eight years of leisure work, the locomotive was restored to working order. It has been back in service with the Berlin Park Railway since 1987.

Luise Las

Luise Las
Luise Las in the depot
Manufacturer:	Fablok
Year of construction (s):	1952 - serial no. 3043
Axis formula :	Cn2t
Gauge :	600 mm
Empty mass:	9.5
Service mass:	12 t
Top speed:	20 km / h

After the invasion of the German Reich to Poland in 1939, the Polish locomotive factory was Fablok in Chrzanów war committed (Krenau) and the Henschel assumed Corporation. Among other things, Henschel had one hundred 600 mm Bn2t construction locomotives of the Riesa type manufactured in Krenau. After the war, Chrzanów continued the production of the locomotive in a slightly revised concept, mainly with a 750 mm gauge, as the Rys (lynx) type. In order to reduce the axle load, which is very high for weak track material of 5.5 t, and to increase the friction weight of the locomotive, two locomotives with three-axle chassis were built in 1948, which were still equipped with Rys boilers from the Sosnowiec boiler factory (Chrzanów never had its own boiler production had) were equipped. In 1952 the Chrzanów factory delivered the 3043 locomotive with the Torun 1640/52 boiler to the sugar factory in Wożuczyn in south-east Poland. It was in use there until around 1978.

After about 15 years of idle time, it was brought to the ZNTK Pila repair shop (Schneidemühl), re-gauged from 750 to 600 mm, subjected to a full inspection, equipped with a Kobel chimney for use on the Berlin Park Railway and sold to Germany via Interlok Pila. The owner has placed the locomotive in the fleet of the Berlin Park Railway through the borrower SBF. This was where the approval by the railway supervisory authority of the State of Berlin took place on September 30, 1994. On October 1, 1994, the locomotive was used for the first time in passenger transport.

Merapi

Merapi
Merapi at the main train station
Manufacturer:	Hanomag
Year of construction (s):	1925 - serial no. 10 409
Axis formula :	Dn2t
Gauge :	600 mm
Empty mass:	14.0 t
Service mass:	17.7 t
Top speed:	20 km / h
Traction power:	80 hp

From 1923 Hanomag delivered ten identical steam locomotives to the Oie Tiong Ham Fabrieken Semarang on Java . Another machine was delivered to the Klein Wanzleben sugar factory near Magdeburg . The Merapi was one of the vehicles delivered to Java, where it drove on the customer's extensive sugar cane plantations . The Rejo Agung sugar factory, where the machine was last located before it returned to Germany, operated a route network of almost 80 km in length with around 25 steam locomotives. The name is reminiscent of the volcano of the same name on Java . The locomotive is on loan from the Mühlenstroth Small Steam Railway .

99 1138

The 1918 with the serial number 16020 at & Henschel & Son in Kassel built Brigadelok arrived 2004 Berlin park railway, where it is in use since the 2011th

Diesel locomotives

Diesel locomotives type Ns1

Diesel locomotive type NS1 in the Wuhlheide-Parkeisenbahn

This type was originally designed as a 15 hp diesel locomotive, but was later built as a 10 hp machine because the engine it was intended for was initially not available. 699 locomotives of this series were manufactured between 1952 and 1960 by VEB Lokomotivbau Karl Marx Babelsberg (LKM) for gauges of 500 and 600 mm. The locomotives at LKM were equipped with a water-cooled single-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. This proved its worth until around the end of the 1970s. Due to problems with spare parts and signs of wear and tear, an air-cooled four-cylinder four-stroke V-diesel engine from the Cunewalde engine plant was installed as the replacement engine . The manufacturer installed two-speed gearboxes with a cone clutch in the locomotives .

The SBF has succeeded in acquiring several Ns1 diesel locomotives from disused industrial railways and making them available to BPE for use.

Diesel locomotives type Ns2f

Diesel locomotive Siegfried at the main station

The Ns2f was developed from the Ns2 type in 1952. From 1952 to 1959, due to the great demand, more than 1000 copies were built by LKM. In the GDR, the Ns2f was the most common series on the narrow-gauge factory railways and has proven itself very well in light mainline and shunting services. The locomotives have an outer frame and a rod drive with a jackshaft. When delivered, the locomotives were equipped with a water-cooled two-cylinder four-stroke V diesel engine of the Aktivist type. At the end of the 1970s, the engines were so worn out due to the high requirements that they had to be replaced. Many machines now received the air-cooled two-cylinder four-stroke in-line diesel engine from Schönebecker Dieselmotorenbau .

The association succeeded in acquiring two diesel locomotives of the Ns2f series, the refurbishment of which has been started and has been completed for one locomotive since the 1992 light rail meeting. In 2003 the second locomotive was also put into operation. This means that both locomotives are available for running at the BPE.

Diesel locomotive 199 102-5

Diesel locomotive type V10C at the main station

In 1959/60, the Ns4 was transformed into the 102 hp V10C. Its appearance was fundamentally changed compared to the Ns4, the edges were rounded and thus adapted to the shape of the diesel locomotives of the time from VEB Lokomotivbau Karl Marx Babelsberg (LKM). LKM built over 500 machines of this type from 1957 (prototype) to 1975. From 1971 LKM received a new production profile and traded under the name VEB Luft- und Kältetechnik "Karl Marx" Babelsberg. Nonetheless, standard-gauge and narrow-gauge shunting and works locomotives continued to be produced. The V10C locomotives for gauges from 600 to 762 mm had outer frames, those for gauges from 900 to 1067 mm had inner frames and a slightly narrower side skirt. A modified version was also made for export to tropical regions. In the GDR, the V10C was a typical works locomotive on railways with high load requirements.

Locomotive 199 103-3 in the depot

In 1970/71 the pioneer railway Berlin received two brand new locomotives of the V10C series, as more powerful locomotives were required with the use of the older wagons, which had been taken over from there after the Mecklenburg-Pomerania Narrow Gauge Railway (MPSB) had ceased operations in 1969. In 1980 the two locomotives were added to the DR numbering scheme and were given the numbers 199 101-7 and 199 102-5.

Locomotive 199 103-3

To strengthen the two V10C diesel locomotives, the 1957 type Ns4 (199 103-3) diesel locomotive was purchased from VEB Ziegelei Ueckermünde in 1982. This became necessary in order to have an operating reserve in two-train operation.

Diesel locomotive 199 105-8

199 105-8 in the Wuhlheide-Parkeisenbahn station

The locomotive manufactured by Schöma was officially put into operation on June 2, 2012. It was financed from the assets of parties and mass organizations in the GDR. The locomotive weighs 12 tons and has a 130 HP motor and a “Kdi” type air brake. The generic name is: "Bdh".

Passenger cars

6306 summer carriage

Reconstructed four-axle passenger cars are available for passenger traffic. Car bodies were modernized in what was then RAW Schöneweide on old chassis from wagons of the former Mecklenburg-Pomerania Narrow Gauge Railway (MPSB) . Some equipment details such as the doors, windows or the interior with wooden benches show similarities with earlier vehicles on the Berlin S-Bahn . A car from this series was converted into a saloon car in 2000.

In addition to the Reko cars, five summer cars are in use, four open cars and one open car with a roof. In addition, the Berlin Park Railway has two historic passenger cars that were in operation at the MPSB as so-called optional cars for the transport of people or goods. Since the end of 2009, a historic combined passenger / baggage car from 1910, which also comes from the MPSB, has been in use.

Freight wagons

A number of freight cars are used for internal purposes. For example, a baggage car built for the MPSB was converted into an emergency train . In addition, BPE u. a. an open freight car, numerous tipping trucks and some ballast wagons.

Working groups

AG telecommunications technology

A telecommunications technology group has existed since 1989. Technically interested park railroaders aged twelve and over can work as a telecommunications mechanic at BPE. During the training the basics of electrical engineering and electronics as well as the functionality of telephones , electrical clock systems and other telecommunications technology are explained. The AG participants are also involved in the care and maintenance of the railway's communication systems.

Communication at the BPE takes place through various telephone systems, in particular through so-called OB telephones.

Youth Work Committee

The committee, which was founded in 1992, offers the park railroaders a wide range of events and also supports the BPE in the organization and implementation of events for passengers. The program of events for the park railroaders includes holiday camps in Germany and abroad, excursions and sporting events.

Other working groups

There is a technical brigade responsible for maintaining the vehicles. The brigade also takes on the training of train drivers, stokers and wagon masters. Another working group takes care of the railway's signaling and safety equipment.

Train stations

According to the service regulations of the Berlin Park Railway, the BPE also calls stops when dealing with passengers as train stations.

Central Station

Central station
With its proximity to the main entrance of the leisure and recreation center, this station represents the operational center of the park railway. Originally, a Mitropa restaurant called " Mäxchen Pfiffig" was located in one part of the station . Today the management and management of the BPE sit here.

Eichgestell
The station was built in 1978 as a replacement for the abandoned Badesee station. The stretch of the 500mm light rail project also begins at the calibration frame . A block of the same name was located a little south of today's train station until the 1970s.

Bathing lake
Today's Badesee railway station used to be called a puppet theater . After the nearby puppet theater was closed, the station was renamed the Pioneer Center . With the political change it got its current name.

There was already a bathing lake station on the stretch south of the bathing lake, which was demolished in 1978 when the pioneer palace was built. The swimming lake is about 200 m away; Closer to the lake is the Parkbühne Wuhlheide station, which went into operation in 2010 .

Wuhlheide Parkeisenbahn
The station was inaugurated in October 1993 when the line was extended to Wuhlheide S-Bahn station . It has a platform with a ticket booth and a transfer platform.

Parkbühne Wuhlheide
This stop was built in 2009 and put into operation on March 27, 2010. Until the renaming at the beginning of the 2019 season, the stop was called "Haus Natur und Umwelt". The structures are limited to one platform. From here, the Park Stage (formerly the Kindl Stage), the Nature and Environment House and the swimming lake can be reached directly.

Stadium
The station was initially called a roller-skating rink , and then until 2016 as an open-air stage . The station building dates back to the early days of the park railway and is located directly on the small open-air stage.

Bahnbetriebswerk
With the car hall, engine hall , workshop and social rooms, the Bahnbetriebswerk is the technical center of the Berlin Park Railway . Most of the locomotives and wagons have been repaired and serviced here since 1956. Events for the public are occasionally held here.

House of nature and the environment
The station was initially called Bärenzwinger . Later, the management of the pioneer railway moved into the building, which was previously located in the "Waldhaus" - where the Wald stop was located. In this context, the name of the station was changed to "Betriebsbahnhof". It has not been used since 2008 because of a bridge over the Rohrlake in need of renovation . The rehabilitation of the section was completed in 2019. In this context, the name is to be changed to “Bahnhof Haus Natur und Umwelt”.

Driving operation

Operation takes place from March to October. On weekends, the train runs every 17/18 minutes or every 35 minutes (every 35 minutes during the summer holidays) and every 35 minutes on holiday weekdays (Tuesdays to Thursdays) via the main train station, Eichgestell, Badesee, Wuhlheide Park Railway, Nature and Environment House and open-air stage. In winter, the draisine is used on selected weekends at the main train station. The historic train is used regularly.

In the winter months, the train is only used in exceptional cases, e.g. B. for St. Nicholas trips in the Advent season.

In 2018 the park railway had 70,000 passengers.

During the 2019 summer holidays, the Park Railway welcomed its 4,000,000 passengers since it opened in 1956. The 1,000,000th passenger since privatization in 1993 was counted for the Nikolaus driving operation in 2016.

literature

• Gerhard Arndt, Ursula Arndt: Pioneer and exhibition railways. Transpress - VEB Verlag for Transport, Berlin 1981, p. 69ff.
• Hans-Joachim Hütter: New cars for PE Berlin . In: Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter . Issue 4/1979, p. 61f.
• Bernd Kuhlmann: Pioneer Railway Berlin . In: Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter , issue 1/1981, p. 2ff.
• H. Martin: 1950–1970 - 20 years of the “Ernst Thälmann” pioneer park . In: The model railroader . Issue 8/1970, p. 221ff.
• Sô Nishimori: I am a young railroad worker! Translated from the Japanese by Katrin-Susanne Schmidt. Self-published, Berlin 2006.
• 40 years of the Berliner Park Eisenbahn - FEZ Wuhlheide-Köpenick. It's always going on with us . Berlin 1996.
• Pioneer Railway Berlin: Pioneer Railway Berlin. Own print, Berlin 1986.
• Uwe Poppel: 50 years of LOWA rubble locomotive 44 . In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Issue 12/2000, p. 236.
• Editing of Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter: 50 years of the narrow-gauge railway in Berlin's Wuhlheide . In: Verkehrsgeschichtliche Blätter . Issue 4/2006, p. 86ff.
• Schmalspurbahn-Freunde Berlin e. V .: 50 Years of the Rubble Railway Locomotive 44. Self-published, Berlin 2000.

Web links

Commons : Berliner Parkeisenbahn  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

• www.parkeisenbahn.de - Homepage of the Berlin Park Railway
• Time travel on mdr.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 40 years . P. 2.
2. ↑ 40 years . P. 3.
3. ↑ 40 years . P. 4.
4. ↑ 40 years . P. 4, 7.
5. ↑ 40 years . P. 6.
6. ↑ 40 years . P. 7.
7. ↑ 40 years . P. 8.
8. ↑ 40 years . P. 10.
9. ↑ 40 years . P. 8.
10. ↑ 40 years . P. 10.
11. ↑ 40 years . P. 11.
12. ↑ 40 years . P. 14.
13. ↑ 40 years . P. 11.
14. ↑ 40 years . P. 16.
15. ↑ 40 years . P. 14.
16. ↑ 40 years . P. 16.
17. ↑ 40 years . P. 16.
18. ↑ Der Preß'-Kurier, issue 2/2010, p. 37.
19. ^ Uta Eisenhardt: Before the court - abuse in the amusement park . The daily newspaper of March 13, 2012.
20. ↑ Andreas Kopietz: Child molester: Pedophiles discover narrow-gauge railways for themselves . Berliner Zeitung from November 7, 2011.
21. ↑ Press release of the Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science of March 12, 2012.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
22. ↑ Press release of the Berlin Park Railway from October 26, 2011.
23. ^ Thomas Loy: After cases of abuse - Park railway: New concept presented . The daily mirror of November 15, 2011.
24. ↑ More transparency and participation in the Park Railway . Berliner Morgenpost from March 15, 2012.
25. ↑ ^{a b c d e} According to: 40 years . P. 24.
26. ↑ Peter Bauchwitz: The Berlin Park Railway is celebrating its 60th anniversary. In: Berliner Verkehrsblätter 6/2016, pp. 105, 107.
27. ↑ Dieter Müller: Steam locomotive spectacle at the park railway in Bln.-Wuhlheide. Part 1: Brigadelok Henschel 16020/1918, myheimat.de, June 12, 2013 (accessed on February 21, 2018).
28. ↑ 40 years . P. 6.
29. ^ Senate Department for Finances (Berlin): Press release No. 09-068. Senate reports on the use of funds from the assets of parties and mass organizations (PMO funds) in the GDR . ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. October 20, 2009, accessed on April 6, 2013 (PDF; 188 kB). 
30. ^ Bimmelbahn-Forum: Our new locomotive is here - 199 105-8 . ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Article from May 17, 2012, accessed April 5, 2013. 
31. ↑ Der Preß'-Kurier, issue 6/2009, p. 37; Issue 2/2010, p. 37.

Coordinates: 52 ° 27 ′ 29 ″  N , 13 ° 32 ′ 37 ″  E

This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on November 1, 2005 .