Bettendorff (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Bettendorf
Lintel with the coat of arms of Bishop Dietrich II of Worms von Bettendorf , Ladenburg , area of ​​the bishop's court
Tomb of Magdalena von Bettendorff in the Notburgakirche Hochhausen
Tomb of Hans von Bettendorff at the St. Laurentius Church in Nussloch

The barons of Bettendorff , also Bettendorf or Pettendorf , were a noble family with possessions and the like. a. in Gauangelloch , Schatthausen , Mauer and Nußloch in the Rhein-Neckar district in the north of Baden-Württemberg .

middle Ages

In 1071 , Friedrich von Bettendorff , who witnessed a donation from King Henry IV, first named Pettendorf after his possession Pettendorf near Regensburg . This noble family already died out with the presumed granddaughters of Friedrich Heilika von Scheyern, the ancestral mother of the Wittelsbach family , and Heilwiga, who married Gebhard I. von Leuchtenberg .

The family of the later Barons von Bettendorff initially had their seat at Pettendorf Castle near Neunburg vorm Wald . Friedrich Pettendorfer is mentioned in 1300 and owned the castle Pettendorf and noble goods, one in Leckendorf near Nabburg, one in Altendorf an der Schwarzach as a fief.

Altmann von Bettendorf came to Heidelberg with Count Palatine Ruprecht and became Burgrave of Stahleck Castle (Bacharach) and bailiff of Bacharach . He took 1413-1414 in the wake of Elector Ludwig III. participated in the Council of Constance .

Probably changed already Frederick grandson Conrad, married to Richild of Muggenthal, in the Rhineland Palatinate, as his son Dietrich von Bettendorff (Theodoricus pettendorffer) in Heidelberg on his grave stone of 1414 as "armed Bavar '" and "camerarius" the Count Palatine Ludwig is called . Dietrich, whose wife is said to come from the von Niefern family (near Pforzheim), bought property in Nussloch . This property multiplied by the marriage of Dietrich's son Ulrich († 1440), Electoral Palatinate chamberlain and bailiff in Heidelberg, with Anna Reyp Odernheim, daughter of Heidelberger patrician and knight Arnold Reyp Odernheim, the 1427 the Nußlocher Freigut the family of Oswilre and bequeathed it to his daughter. This property could form the core of the Bettendorff property in Nussloch, which still exists today, in whose walls a stone with the date 1414 has been preserved.

The acquisition of the Palatinate fiefdom Gauangelloch south of Heidelberg in Kraichgau became more important for the family . In 1404 Ruprecht Mönch von Rosenberg sold half of the Angelloch festival to his brother-in-law Peter von Angelach. Around 1450 Ludwig von Bettendorff bought this Angelach half. Ludwig's daughter is said to be Magdalena, whose tombstone from 1493 can still be seen in Hochhausen . She married Hans Neithard Horneck von Hornberg . In 1476, the court master of the Palatinate, Philipp von Bettendorff the Elder, bought Ä. the second half of Gauangelloch by the Mönch von Rosenberg. Philip's first wife, Elisabeth Lamb von Horchheim (Lemblin de Horkheim) was buried in the church of Gauangelloch in 1478 (tombstone). The sons of Philipp and Elisabeth were Wolf and Hans von Bettendorff.

The line that remained in the Upper Palatinate died out in the 15th century. Ulrich from this line was abbot of St. Emmeram Monastery from 1402 to 1422 .

Modern times

The aristocratic family was related by marriage to the Gans von Otzberg in the 16th century and seems to have owned property in the area of Zent Umstadt . There are two grave epitaphs in the town church there, a fragment of Lucia von Bettendorf († 1554), née Landschad von Steinach , and the tombstone of Wolf von Bettendorf († 1555). Wolf v. Bettendorf was Oberamtmann of the Electoral Palatinate in the Umstadt condominium and in the Otzberg Oberamt . Wolf's sons Ludwig, 1553 Viscount on the Heidelberg Castle and Electoral Palatinate Hofmeister , 1566 also chef and Hans, pfalz-zweibrückischer Council and Judge at the Knights Court in White Castle , progenitor of the "Mainzer line" and the "Wedesheimer line" of sex.

Wolf's brother Hans von Bettendorf (1484–1556), steward of the Elector Ottheinrich in Heidelberg, was married to Barbara von Gemmingen, daughter of Philipp von Gemmingen († 1520) and Anna von Helmstatt († 1519). Their epitaphs are preserved in the Catholic parish church in Nussloch . Her son Dietrich von Bettendorf (1518–1580) was from 1552 to 1580 as Dietrich II. Bishop of Worms . His sister Anna was the prioress of the Lobenfeld monastery , another sister, Katharina († 1573), was the abbess of the Frauenalb monastery . Of his brothers we should mention: Wilhelm († 1552), Electoral Palatinate Vitztum in Neustadt and Philipp, Oberamtmann in Boxberg and Faut in Mosbach, who married the daughter of Dietrich von Gemmingen († 1526) , who was one of the first knights in Neckarmühlbach in 1522 had introduced the Reformation in Kraichgau. In his second marriage, Philipp von Bettendorff married Veronika von Venningen, daughter of the long-time Electoral Palatinate Chancellor Florence von Venningen (1466–1538) and niece of Abbess Margaretha von Venningen († 1505).

Because of the holdings in Ladenburg and Eberbach and the possession of Eubigheim , the von Bettendorff family belonged to the Franconian knight circle . The family belonged to the castle men of the Reichsburg Friedberg .

Towards the end of the 17th century there were four family branches in Mainz , Miltenberg, Gauangelloch and Wedesheim (Weidesheim, south of Saargemünd in Westrich , today OT von Kahlhausen). The Gauangelloch branch died out in 1763 and was inherited by the Gissigheim branch that emerged from the Miltenberger. In 1773 the Mainz branch died out. The last member of the Wedesheim branch was inherited in 1831 by his nephew Karl Graf von Sparre-Kroneberg, who added the Bettendorf to his name.

Since Ludwig Wilhelm Sigmund Franz Christian Freiherr von Bettendorf (* March 10, 1862 in Bamberg; † October 25, 1942 in Nussloch), the male line of the Gissigheim branch also went out, his daughter Gertrud Freifrau von Bettendorff (1904-1999) led gender and name by adopting her grandson, Freddy Freiherr von Bettendorff Escorsell.

Foundations

In 1718 Amalia Elisabeth von Mentzingen , b. Bettendorf, the Kayserliche Reichsfreye Adeliche Creichgauerischen Fräulein-Stifft . In her will, she decreed that with her parental inheritance, noble evangelical women from the knightly canton of Kraichgau should be able to live a withdrawn but befitting life if this could not be guaranteed by the families.

Buildings

In Gauangelloch you can still find parts of the castle that came into Bettendorf's possession after it was built by the Knights of Angelach , in Schatthausen the moated castle converted into an estate, in Eberbach the Bettendorf house and in Gissigheim a baroque castle .

people

literature

  • Wilhelm Freiherr von Bettendorf, The former imperial barons of Bettendorf , 1940
  • Johann Brandmüller: Historical and Geographical Lexicon , Volume II, 1726
  • Johann Friedrich Gauhen : Genealogical-Historical Adels-Lexicon . Publisher: Johann Friedrich Gleditsch , Leipzig 1740
  • Konrad Grimm and Heinz Maag: eagles and crown of thorns, 275 years of the Kraichgau noble women's foundation. Self-published by the Kraichgauer Adeligen Damenstift, Karlsruhe 1993
  • The aristocracy enrolled in Bavaria , Volume 11, p. 184

Web links

Commons : Bettendorff  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wilhelm Freiherr von Bettendorf, The formerly imperial barons of Bettendorf , 1940, p. 13.
  2. ↑ Renate Neumüllers-Klauser, “The inscriptions of the city and the district of Heidelberg”, 1970, p. 46. No. 78.
  3. ↑ Circuit Description Heidelberg-Mannheim Vol. 2, 1968, pp 750-769.
  4. ^ District description Heidelberg-Mannheim Vol. 2, 1968, p. 537.
  5. ^ Ernst Cucuel, "The inscriptions of the districts of Mosbach, Buchen and Miltenberg", 1964, pp. 68f. No. 176 and 184; Wilhelm Freiherr von Bettendorf, The former imperial barons of Bettendorf , 1940, p. 35.
  6. ^ Renate Neumüllers-Klauser, "The inscriptions of the city and the district of Heidelberg", 1970, pp. 72–73. No. 125.
  7. ^ To the grave of Hans von Bettendorf in Nussloch
  8. ↑ Karl Pfaff, "Heidelberg und Umgebung", Heidelberg, 3rd ed., 1910, p. 351.
  9. ↑ On the funeral of Hans and Barbara von Bettendorf in Nussloch
  10. ↑ On the genealogy of the bishop's grandparents
  11. ^ On the funeral of Wilhelm in Ladenburg
  12. ↑ Biographical article on Florence von Venningen, Der Pilger , Speyer, 25 August 2011
  13. ^ Johann Gottfried Biedermann: Gender register of the Reichs Frey immediate knighthood in Francken praiseworthy place Ottenwald , Kulmbach, 1751, panel CCLV; (Digital scan)