Breeches
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Breeches
City of Gützkow
Coordinates: 53 ° 55 ′ 53 ″ N , 13 ° 21 ′ 9 ″ E
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| Height : | 10 m above sea level NHN |
| Residents : | 120 (Dec. 31, 2013) |
| Incorporation : | June 13, 2004 |
| Postal code : | 17506 |
| Area code : | 038353 |
Breechen is a district of the municipality of Gützkow in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district . The place has 130 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2015).
geography
Breechen is 4.5 kilometers southwest of Gützkow on the old B 96 now L 35 and the new A 20 , as well as near the Peene .
history
It cannot be determined whether this place and the arable land "insula Olde Breeke", situated high up to the east of it, on the Gützkower town mark, are in a direct historical context.
Breechen was first mentioned as Briechem in 1574 . 1629 and then often referred to as Breichen . First in 1859 and then from 1867 onwards the current name Breechen was used forever . The name can be explained with the Slavic bereg or breg , which stands for bank or slope. This refers to the high bank of the Peene, which was formed in the Ice Age. The above mentioned field name of the "Alten Breechen" by Gützkow, which is adjacent to Breechen, also refers to this.
In 1629, Duke Bogislaw XIV awarded the village and Gut Breechen as inheritance to his chamberlain Victor Horn (later von Horn ) for his services, but also for borrowed money. At that time Breechen belonged to the princely Domanio and consisted of 4 whole hoofed and 4 half hoofed horses. Victor Horn sold the estate to Arend Bornard's widow and her two sons in 1635.
The last three farms in Breechen were laid (expropriated) in 1684 in favor of the property .
Rittmeister Normann was then named as the owner on Breechen in 1708.
Breechen became a border town between Prussia and Swedish Pomerania in 1720 and was given a Swedish border and customs post. On the Swedish military map from 1760, slightly west of the village, you can see the border hill and the small customs building. Both are no longer identifiable today, they were removed after 1815 when the border was removed.
Major Alexander von der Hardt became the owner of the village and estate Breechen in 1782. In 1794 he sold the village with 35 inhabitants and Gut Breechen to Gottlieb Homeyer (1765-1847). Von Homeyer, ennobled in 1797, received it as a fiefdom in 1802 .
As a result, Eggebrecht was named as the tenant of the Breechen domain in 1822. Here is another break in the history of the property. It suddenly appears here as a domain, i.e. state property, this may have happened as early as 1815 when ownership changed from Swedish-Western Pomerania to the Prussian province of Pomerania , why has not yet been determined.
The Breechen estate went back to the Wolgast factory owner Schmidt as private property in 1834, and his son leased the estate from 1866 onwards.
The first Peene bridge was built in Jarmen in 1863 after the stone railway (cobblestone road) Greifswald - Breechen had been completed shortly before. This meant that the ferry traffic from Breechen to Jarmen was eliminated.
The report of January 1, 1865 gives the following figures: Population: 72 inhabitants in 12 families, of which the tenant family 6 people, 1 administrator, 1 housekeeper, 6 servants and boys, 8 maids, 10 male and 9 female day laborers, 4 servants. Buildings: 8 residential buildings, 8 farm buildings. In 1905 a windmill was also mentioned.
From 1897 onwards, the Greifswald - Jarmen small railway touched Breechen without touching it directly or setting up a stop. A special feature, however, was the bridge over the Peene on the Breechener district. It was a rare swing bridge, which, like the rails and all moving material, was not dismantled and transported to the Soviet Union as reparations, but remained on site until 1958 and then dismantled by the Reichsbahn and used as a pedestrian bridge in Stralsund station until 1989.
The last private owner in Breechen appeared in 1927, Ernst von Heyden , who managed well, but whose family lived beyond their means and the property was heavily in debt.
On February 22, 1928, the Gützkow magistrate applied for the manor districts to be incorporated into the city of Gützkow. On February 10, a precautionary application was made to incorporate the estates Breechen, Neuendorf , Kuntzow, Fritzow , Dargezin , Owstin and Pentin , as Jarmen made claims on Breechen, Neuendorf and Kuntzow. At the same time as the estate districts were dissolved in 1928, the city of Jarmen acquired the Breechen estate, but had no economic success. In 1929 Jarmen handed over the Breechen estate to the Greifswald Cultural Office, which then relocated the estate.
On July 1, 1950, the name of the community was changed from Neuendorf to Breechen .
On March 1, 1960, the farmers united to form the Type I agricultural production cooperative. This LPG was named "Diamond" because the village-based couple Wörle celebrated their diamond wedding on February 24th. In 1972 the merger with Neuendorf took place under Type I. In 1974 both LPGs, Breechen and Neuendorf, were converted to Type III and then integrated into LPG (P) Gützkow in 1977. In 1982, the LPG looked after 96 calves in Breechen.
The population was 138 in 1982.
In 1962, a municipal reform was implemented in the GDR by law. Breechen and Neuendorf were merged into an independent municipality.
At Jarmen, the new Peene Bridge was completed in 1967 as part of the B 96 . For Breechen, the western bypass through the former park was realized.
In 1977 a pumping station with an inlet channel from the Peene was built near Breechen for the LPG (P) Gützkow and the Bandelin dairy cattle facility. A kilometer-long ring pipeline was attached to the pumping station, which had hydrant connections for the mobile irrigation systems distributed over the arable land. The Bandelin dairy cattle facility was also connected to the network, from where the manure was mixed with the Peene water and then rained on the arable land. Both clear water and mixed liquid manure irrigation were possible. For the pumping station Breechen that ramified Verregnungsanlagen and other melioration total of 16,500,000 were Mark invested. At the same time, the farm roads in the LPG catchment area were modernized and in some cases newly established. For Breechen, this meant that the road from Gützkow to the dairy was paved and the land route from the dairy to Breechen was paved with concrete slabs. This created a short connection from Breechen to Gützkow.
In 1984 LPG (P) Gützkow cultivated 5,760 hectares of agricultural land in 16 villages and districts.
In the 1980s, a shoe manufacturing facility was set up in the old manor house, which has since been converted into a restaurant, to create jobs for women. The work stopped in 1990.
On July 8, 1995, A-20 opponents from BUND began to build a hut village for the protesters near Breechen. They received an eviction notice from the district administration, which was not followed. In 1996, despite the harsh winter, around 10 A-20 opponents were still camping in the Hüttendorf in the meadows near Breechen.
On July 3, 1997, the archaeologists of the State Office for Monument Preservation found what they were looking for for the first time with datable material on the future A-20 route near Breechen . Remnants of urns and stone packings from around 5500 BC u. Z. exposed. Thus, a settlement of the area around Breechen was proven since the Mesolithic.
On July 15, 1997, the opponents of the motorway construction near Breechen cleared the hut village after two years. On July 16, District Administrator Kautz ordered the leveling and removal of the abandoned hut village. The clearing of the hut village and the removal of the rubbish left behind cost 15,000 DM.
On January 1, 2005, the community of Breechen-Neuendorf was incorporated into Gützkow as a district at the request of its citizens.
On December 31, 2014, Breechen had 124 residents with a main residence and 6 with a secondary residence.
On December 31, 2015, Breechen had 123 residents with a main residence and 7 with a secondary residence.
literature
- Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen , IV. Part Volume II, Anklam 1868, pp. 136-216, online on Google books .
- Walter Ewert : Gützkow, the count town on the Peene. Gützkow 1935.
- Werner Wöller: "The villages of the community association", 1983, self-published
- Wolf-Dietrich Paulsen, Karl-Eberhard Wisselinck: Gützkow - 875 years . MV-Verlag, Greifswald 2002
- Wolf-Dietrich Paulsen: Chronicle of the City of Gützkow - printed form from 1997 350 p. In the museum - update from 1996 - 600 p. - digitized in the museum PC
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Züssow office, residents of the Züssow administrative area, as of December 31, 2015
- ^ Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern . Collection of sources and literature on place names. Vol. 2: Mainland. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 2), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 . P. 14
- ^ A b Ludwig Gebhardt: Homeyer, Eugen von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , p. 589 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Hormann / Machel, Greifswalder Kleinbahnen, Verlag Neddermeyer, Berlin, 2014, p. 149. ISBN 978-3-941712-37-9
- ^ Log book of the Gützkow magistrate - original in the city's museum
- ^ Züssow office, residents of the Züssow administrative area, as of December 31, 2014
Gützkow | Breechen | Dargezin | Dargezin-Vorwerk | Fritzow | Gützkow dairy | Gützkower ferry | Kölzin | Lüssow | Neuendorf | Owstin | Pentin | Schulzenhof / Torney | Upatel | Wieck