Wieck (Gützkow)

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Wieck
City of Gützkow
Coordinates: 53 ° 56 ′ 31 ″  N , 13 ° 23 ′ 59 ″  E
Height : 15 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 135  (1905)
Incorporation : 1928
Postal code : 17506
Area code : 038353
Wieck Castle 1905
Wieck Castle 1905

Wieck is a district of Gützkow in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district . The former manor district is also known as Gützkow-Wieck . Wieck is located northwest of the city on the federal highway 111 and west of the Swinowbach.

history

In the past and present, the Wieck Feldmark has had many archaeological sites, from the Neolithic (5500 to 1800 BCE) with many stone tools, to the urn grave field of the pre-Roman Iron Age (600 BCE to 0), to a Slavic settlement (600 to 1200) on the western outskirts and on the later manor.

Stone and flint axes - Feldmark Wieck

In 1996, during renovation work on the manor house, old foundations with early German dates (monastery-sized bricks) and early German (1230 to 1400) ceramic shards were found on the estate. This points to the traditional castle of the count's ministerials, the knights of Gützkow . Wieck belonged in the Middle Ages as a so-called Bauwieck to the castle district of the Counts of Gützkow . From there, the count's residence was supplied and the extensive estates were administered.

The name interpretation of the Slavic foundation is based on the Pomeranian suburbium designation "Vik" (= city or market).

After the counts of Gützkow died out (around 1372), the property fell back to the feudal lords, the dukes of Pomerania, and thus became dominal. It is unknown when the place was passed on as an after-fief . In 1447, almost a hundred years after the extinction of Gützkower Count was Wieck in the fief of the family of Neuenkirchen (Nienkerken), which resold the fief to the family of Spandow. That was also the first written mention of the place. After the Spandows became extinct, ownership reverted to the griffin dukes . Gerd von Nienkerken made claims to Wieck in 1523, but compared himself to Duke Bogislaw X in the following year . Wieck became a dominial property of the Dukes of Pomerania.

Wieck matriculation card (excerpt) based on the Swedish survey of 1694

In 1628, Marcus von Eickstedt came into pledge ownership of the goods (then called farms) Wieck and Groß Kiesow . The sum of 8,500 Reichstalers pledged to the Duke was to be paid off along with interest from the income from the estate. Until 1645 the von Eickstedt received no income due to war and plague and after that only very little because everything was destroyed and the fields were devastated or lay fallow. In 1651 the Swedish Queen Christina confirmed the legality of the pledge after checking. After the death of Marcus von Eickstedt († 1661) and his wife († 1676), Jürgen Heinrich I von Lepel, the Eickstedts' son-in-law, had owned the estate since 1664. When his wife died in 1686 and his uncle Levin Friedrich von Lepel married her sister, he was one of the heirs to the property as a son-in-law. From 1894 to 1897 Gut Wieck was also checked by the Swedish reduction. After long negotiations with the Swedish Reduction Commission, it was finally approved for the Eickstedt and Lepel family. In 1700 the co-heirs from the Eickstedt family were paid out by Caspar Mathias von Lepel on Gut Gnitz, the brother of Jürgen Heinrich I. In the same year Levin died and Jürgen Heinrich I re-entered the property. In 1707 the estate was officially removed from the Dominial and converted into a fief. In 1719 Jürgen Heinrich I died and because his son Jürgen Heinrich II von Lepel (1715–1796) was a minor, the estate was managed by administrators until 1743. Then Jürgen Heinrich II came into possession. In 1785 his 12th son Franz Heinrich Erich I (1760–1811) took over the estate.

Landlord Franz HE von Lepel (1803–1877) on Wieck

From 1793 to 1797 Franz Heinrich Erich I von Lepel had a manor house built, the financing was probably provided by von der Lancken's marriage dowry and the sale of the Groß Kiesow estate to von Behr. In 1815 he had the brewery built in the city of Gützkow am Schlossberg. After his death and the death of his only underage son, his brother Friedrich Wilhelm I von Lepel (1768-1825) took over the Wieck estate. After his death, his son Franz Heinrich Erich II von Lepel took over the property. He was the most successful owner of the property. He had the buildings on the western farm yard built, after 1835 the Meierei farm and in 1837 the old Wiecker school. In 1840 he bought the Schlossberg with a pond and water mill in the city, and in 1855 the Gützkower ferry. In 1846 he had the manor house expanded and modernized like a castle. Furthermore, the Wieck funerary chapel was built in 1859 by the architect Richard Lucae and an English landscape park was laid out all around.

After the death of Franz Heinrich Erich II, his grandson took over the Fideikommiss Wieck established in 1874. Franz I von Lepel (1851–1906) was the son of Hedwig and Bernhard von Lepel (writer). He had the buildings of the eastern farm yard, including the inspector's house, built in the 1880s and 1890s. He had two light railroad lines built to the Meierei farm. He was actually Dr. the chemical and reluctant farmer, nevertheless he runs the estate very successfully.

In 1897 Wieck was connected to the Greifswald-Jarmener Kleinbahn GJK, which enabled the estate to operate more economically thanks to the improved transport options. In 1906 Franz I died in a fire in the coach house after a heart attack. He was followed by his brother Heinrich (1854–1918) and his nephew Franz II (1854–1918) as early as 1911, who, however, had to pay a purchase price for his uncle's financial security. In return he had to sell his Karwitz estate in Western Pomerania. Franz II built the new Wiecker school in 1913. He dies in 1918 during the November riots. His sister Mathilde von Brockhusen takes over the administration, since the Fideikommiss is still active and only male heirs are allowed. The Fideikommission therefore notifies the brother of Franz II, Wilhelm II von Lepel (1856–1933), who was married in Paraguay. In 1922 he came to Wieck with his eldest son Wilo (1896–1968) and took over the estate. Mathilde von Brockhusen continued to manage the estate because Wilhelm made long trips to Italy, etc. The estate got increasingly into financial difficulties, inflation and the beginning world economic crisis.

In 1928, after the estate districts were dissolved, they were incorporated into Gützkow. When Wilo von Lepel had to file for bankruptcy of the property in 1931, the mansion with the park and chapel was bought by the city or assumed by the city as a tax liability for the property. The Gützkower School was established in the manor house. The estate was settled by the Stettiner Landsiedelgesellschaft. 50 settlers from Lower Saxony and from the area around Gützkow each received 10 hectares and built the farms that are still visible today. The large old manor buildings were also divided up. By 1960 everyone, except those who left the GDR and thus lost their country, became members of the LPG.

In 1972 the city built a new school, which made the castle vacant and handed it over to VEB RWN Gützkow as an apprentice dormitory and cultural center. During the GDR times, the district was mainly characterized by agriculture, the LPG (P) set up an operations center there in 1977. In the 1990s, the city of Gützkow set up an industrial park north of the B 111. After 1991 the castle was converted into a grammar school and expanded with new classrooms. In 2006 and 2011 two shopping centers were built. For this purpose, the two large manor buildings with the legendary Dreiteufelsscheune were demolished in 2005/2006. Unfortunately, a relatively well-preserved manor ensemble was destroyed despite being a listed building.

Representative of the Lepel family (Haus Wieck)

Mathilde von Lepel, b. Rodbertus (1804-1886)
Park and Castle Wieck

Attractions

→ See: List of architectural monuments in Gützkow

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Part 4, Vol. 2, Dietze, Anklam 1868, p. 256 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Dirk Schleinert : The beginnings of the v. Lepel on Wieck. In: Ivo Asmus, Heiko Droste, Jens E. Olesen (eds.): Common acquaintances. Sweden and Germany in the early modern period. LIT Verlag, Berlin-Hamburg-Münster 2003, p. 253 ( digitized version ).
  • Historisch-Genealogisches Handbuch des Familie v. Lepel (Lepell). Developed by Andreas Hansert and Oskar Matthias Frhr on the basis of family history sources. v. Lepel with the assistance of Klaus Bernhard Frhr. v. Lepel and Herbert Stoyan. German Family Archives, Volume 151, Verlag Degener & Co., owner Manfred Dreiss, Insingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-7686-5201-8 .
  • Walter Ewert : Gützkow, the count town on the Peene. Gützkow 1935.
  • Werner Wöller: The villages of the community association. Self-published, 1983.
  • Wolf-Dietrich Paulsen, Karl-Eberhard Wisselinck: Gützkow - 875 years . MV-Verlag, Greifswald 2002
  • Wolf-Dietrich Paulsen: Chronicle of the city of Gützkow. - Print form from 1997 350 p. In the museum - Update from 1996 - 600 p. - Digitized in the museum PC

Web links

Commons : Wieck  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern . Collection of sources and literature on place names. Vol. 2: Mainland. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 2), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 . P. 145