Lepel (noble family)
Lepel ( Low German spoon , after the crest of the coat of arms) is the name of a Pomeranian and Mecklenburg prehistoric noble family .
history
According to legend, the origins of the family lie in the Mark Brandenburg . During the eastern colonization in 1136, the Brandenburg troops under Albrecht the Bear invaded Pomerania . They fought a bitter battle with the local Lutizen near Lassan between Pulow and the Bauerberg. A knight Lepel is said to have been wounded in it and then taken in and nursed back to health by a local Slavic family. The knight married the daughter of the Slav and thus established the lineage of the von Lepel family. There is no evidence for this legend.
It is also said that they came to Western Pomerania in 1189 under Duke Bogislaw II , on the other hand they first appear in a document in 1231 in Mecklenburg. Presumably immigrated from Saxony (today's Lower Saxony), they must have belonged to the nobility beforehand, as the first Lepel by name was already a knight , which presupposed knightly ancestors. They acquired the first property in 1240 in Pomerania and around 1315 in Mecklenburg.
The Lepel tribe in Mecklenburg (1231-1830)
In 1231 Gerhard Lepel was a knight and truchess of Prince Johann von Mecklenburg . When the founding of the Rehna nunnery was confirmed and its approval by Prince Johann in Gadebusch on May 16, 1236 , Gerardus Lepel is attested as being present.
Favored by marriages with important families it comes to the establishment of a Mecklenburg line of those von Lepel. The family split up and the second tribe went to Pomerania, where Gnitz on the island of Usedom is considered the closer home of the von Lepel family.
Grambow , west of Schwerin, was the headquarters of the von Lepel family in Mecklenburg from 1590 to 1766. Adam von Lepel acquired Grambow from the von Halberstadt family in 1590 in several stages until 1610. Since his wedding in 1596 he lived with Ilsabe von Pressentin on Grambow. On October 13, 1610 he received the feudal letter, after which he became a feudal man in Mecklenburg and with all rights in the Mecklenburg knighthood. Grambov was not a princely endowment for merit, but acquired for sale. Most recently there was a violent legal dispute over Grambow between von Pressentin , von Zülow and the pledge holder, with von Lepel's only passive involvement. In 1766 Joachim Otto Friedrich von Lepel auf Rambow sold the last rights to Grambow and what else was in possession to the Swedish lien holder Mathias Nicolaus Thomson. Then he left Mecklenburg and was ducal Wuerttemberg colonel sergeant in the life guard on horseback. His son Hellmuth von Lepel died in the battle of Borodino in 1812 .
Claus Friedrich Ernst von Lepel was co-heir to Finken in 1629. After the Thirty Years War it was declared completely destroyed and desolate in 1649 and went bankrupt in 1652. Oberhofmeister Johann Ernst von Lepel auf Grambow acquired Strohkirchen and Bentien in 1661 . Both goods were sold in 1766 by Joachim Leonhard Leopold von Lepel. Georg (Jürgen) Ernst Lepel auf Grambow acquired Parum and Gülzow in 1671 . Gülzow went to his brother-in-law Cuno Hans von Bülow in 1706 . Parum was sold to Baron von Wendthausen in 1708. Johann Georg Friedrich von Lepel acquired Rambow from Joachim Victor von Barsee in 1743. Since the estate was heavily in debt, he had to leave it to his creditors in 1750 and returned to the Netherlands.
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Hans Adolf von Lepel married Auguste Caroline von Plessen as a Danish major general in Copenhagen in 1739 and acquired Radegast and Rosenhagen in 1742 . As a universal heir from Christoph August von Barold auf Dobbin , he took over Dobbin, Zietlitz, Gross Bäbelin and Augustenfelde in 1746. He litigated with Duke Friedrich in 1758 for the patronage of Dobbin and lost. Joachim Friedrich Ludwig von Lepel auf Dobbin tried his hand at trading goods as a royal Danish court squire, speculated and went bankrupt in 1805. Christoph August von Lepel sold Dobbin in 1829 to the royal Prussian lieutenant Carl August von Jasmund .
The von Lepel family of the Dobbin family proved to be shy of marriage. Since the sale of Dobbin in 1829, the Mecklenburg von Lepel were no longer wealthy in the country and were extinct. Members of the families came to the country from Pomerania, but they did not own the indigenous community . In the registration book of the Dobbertin monastery from 1696-1918 there are two entries by daughters of the von Lepel families from Grambow and Neuendorf .
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The Lepel tribe in Pomerania (1240–1945)
During the German eastward expansion, the Lepels moved with the Schwerines through Mecklenburg to Pomerania. There they were active, called by the Pomeranian rulers, as locators for the farmers from northwest Germany who were moving with them. At Neuendorf on the Gnitz peninsula on Usedom there is still a tower mound ( Motte ) as a remnant of a castle of the Lepels dynasty from the time of the German eastward expansion after 1230. In 1240 the first property on the Gnitz was mentioned in a document. 1251 a knight Gerhard and 1256 a knight Dietrich Lepel were mentioned on Usedom and received their feudal letters.
Even before the middle of the 13th century, the von Lepel family were recorded on the island of Usedom and the adjacent mainland. They owned the goods on the Gnitz peninsula on the island of Usedom, with Lütow , Neuendorf, Netzelkow and the island of Görmitz from 1240 to 1945. Wehrland-Bauer, Müggenburg , Seckeritz and Zemitz were the most important on the Pomeranian mainland. They also owned the Wieck estate near Gützkow from 1696 to 1931, but had to go bankrupt after the global economic crisis. The relatively large families also provided a livelihood for many smaller goods that were only briefly in possession as lease or pledge. The Beseritz estate near Altentreptow (1854–1879), an inheritance from the Rodbertus family, had to be given up in 1879 by Wilhelm (1829–1886).
On the island of Wollin there was a branch on the Chinnow estate with the pertinances Reckow and Swantust, the owner was previously the governor of the island of Wollin. In Western Pomerania it was Gut Karwitz near Dramburg, which was briefly owned from 1888 to 1910. There were smaller possessions, for example. B. in and with Lassan. A suburb of Wehrland was called Lepelsruh.
A count's branch, which had its origins on the Gnitz, bought extensive goods around Nassenheide near Stettin from 1720 , with the pertinances Blankensee, Böck and Neuhof. The acquirer Otto von Lepel was governor of the Küstrin fortress and was elevated to the rank of count by the Prussian king for his services. After 1826 these goods came to other families via the female line.
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All of these goods were in Pomerania.
The Hessen-Kassel State Minister ret. D. Georg Ferdinand von Lepel (1779–1873) from the Pomeranian tribe acquired Hattenbach Castle near Bad Hersfeld in Hesse in 1854 . It was followed by his son Carl (1821–1901) and grandson Emil (1872–1941), who sold it in 1892 to his brother-in-law Robert Patry (1868–1924), whose descendants still have it.
Görmitz Island - Pertinenz zu Neuendorf
Nassenheide manor, seat of the Counts of Lepel
Hattenbach Castle , Hesse
Nobility uprisings
- Hereditary Prussian count status on August 26, 1749 for Friedrich Wilhelm von Lepel (1716–1783), House Nassenheide, landlord on Boeck and Nassenheide
- Non-hereditary Prussian count on April 26, 1837 with a diploma from June 14, 1837 for Friedrich Wilhelm von Lepel (1774–1840), House Wieck, royal Prussian major general and adjutant of Prince Heinrich of Prussia.
- Royal Westphalian count status on January 10, 1812 for Hellmuth von Lepel (1773-1812), House of Grambow, royal Westphalian major general and first stable master of King Jérome.
- Westphalian recognition of the baron status on March 26, 1812 with a patent dated May 30, 1812 for Gottlieb Christoph Gustav von Lepel (1746–1813), House of Gnitz, royal Westphalian division general, chamberlain, member of the Council of State and governor of Kassel.
- Grand Ducal Hessian baron on May 13, 1825 for Victor von Lepel (1794–1860), House of Grambow, later Grand Ducal Hessian Chamberlain, Bundestag envoy and authorized representative in Berlin
- Grand Ducal Hessian recognition of the baron status on January 10, 1828 for Ernst von Lepel (1796–1859), House Grambow, princely Ysenburg forest master in Offenbach.
- Prussian recognition of the baron status on September 30, 1882 for Wilhelm von Lepel (1833–1895), House Grambow, royal Prussian lieutenant colonel and commander of the Uhlan regiment No. 2.
- Saxony-Coburg u. Gothic recognition of the baron class on September 4, 1900 for Emil von Lepel (1872–1941), Haus Gnitz, royal Prussian lieutenant colonel ret. D.
The count's lines have died out, the barons von Grambow and Gnitz have passed on to the namesake who are still alive.
coat of arms
The ancestral coat of arms of the Pomeranian and Hessian lines of the family shows silver a red diagonal bar . On the helmet with red and silver covers, a small shield with nine silver spoons in a fan shape. It corresponds to the coat of arms on the grave slab in Teterin - with a resemblance to the grave slab in Eldena Monastery from 1388.
The coat of arms of the Mecklenburg line shows a red oblique left bar in silver. On the helmet with red and silver covers, five silver spoons; later a growing crowned maiden dressed in red , whose crown is equipped with nine silver spoons or peacock feathers in a fan shape . It corresponds to the illustration on the Netzelkow bell around 1350.
The artistically most appealing form of the coat of arms is that from the Kreishaus in Greifswald - similar to the form on the Lubin map (1618) and in the document from 1812. The von Lepel were, through their possession in Wieck / Gützkow, members of the estate district council in the Greifswald district .
Grave slab of the Lepel in Teterin around 1350 (tracing)
Grave slab of the Lepel brothers in Eldena Monastery, 1388
Coat of arms of Lepel / Hessen 1812
Coat of arms of the Barons von Lepel - Bagmihl 1842
Coat of arms of the Counts of Lepel - Bagmihl 1842
Coat of arms of Lepel in the Greifswald district building - 1900
Known family members
Chronologically
- Otto Gustav von Lepel (1657–1735), Haus Nassenheide, Prussian major general, 1729 governor of the Küstrin fortress
- Hans Adolf von Lepel auf Radegast (1697–1770), House of Grambow, Danish major general
- Karl Matthias von Lepel (1704–1766), Prussian major, knight of the Pour le Mérite
- Friedrich Wilhelm von Lepel (1716–1783), House Nassenheide, landlord on Nassenheide, Prussian officer, art collector, knight and commander of the Order of St. John
- Philipp Sigismund von Lepel (1738–1815), Prussian district administrator
- Joachim Friedrich Diederich von Lepel (1740–1802), House of Grambow, Danish chamberlain
- Karl Helmuth von Lepel (1742–1813), House of Grambow, Danish major general
- Gottlieb Christoph Gustav von Lepel (1746–1813), House of Gnitz, royal Westphalian division general, chamberlain, member of the Council of State, governor of Kassel
- Christoph August von Lepel (1748–1830), House of Grambow, Danish Chamberlain
- Wilhelm Heinrich von Lepel (1755–1826), House Nassenheide, Prussian chamberlain, envoy to Stockholm / Sweden, art collector
- Hellmuth von Lepel (1773–1812), House of Grambow, royal Westphalian major general
- Friedrich Wilhelm von Lepel (1774–1840), House Wieck, Prussian major general, adjutant to Prince Heinrich of Prussia
- Georg Ferdinand von Lepel (1779–1873), House of Hattenbach / Hessen, German diplomat, Hessian Minister of State
- Victor von Lepel (1794–1860), House of Grambow, chamberlain to the Grand Duke of Hesse, envoy to the Bundestag and authorized representative in Berlin
- Franz Heinrich Erich II. Von Lepel (1803–1877), House Wieck, Prussian captain and member of the manor house
- Bernhard von Lepel (1818–1885), Prussian officer and writer
- Bruno von Lepel-Gnitz (1843–1908), director of the royal court theater in Hanover, royal Prussian chamberlain
- Hedwig von Lepel-Gnitz (1850–1925), German painter and fairy tale author
- Victor von Lepel (1863–1918), Prussian major general
- Egbert von Lepel (1881–1941), German radio technician
- Felix von Lepel (1899–1979), German music historian and theater and music writer
- Gunther von Lepel (1903–1993), film producer
Genealogical
1st tribe (Mecklenburg)
- Burchardt Hartwig (1640–1703)
2nd tribe (Pomerania)
- Hans Ernst (1617–1688), 1st line
- Axel Philipp (1660-1715)
- Ernst Friedrich (1704–1775)
- Philipp Sigismund (1738-1815)
- Ernst Friedrich (1704–1775)
- Axel Philipp (1660-1715)
- Caspar Andreas († 1679), 2nd line
- Caspar Matthias (1660–1723), 1st branch ( Hattenbach house )
- Karl Matthias (1739–1791) 1st branch
- Gottlieb Christoph Gustav (1746–1813), 2nd branch
- Ferdinand (1779–1873)
- Jürgen Heinrich I. († 1719), 2nd branch (House Wieck )
- Jürgen Heinrich II. (1715–1796)
- Bernhard (1738–1787), 1st branch
- Friedrich (1753–1813), 2nd branch
- Wilhelm (1768–1825), 3rd branch
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Franz (1803–1877), 1st house ∞ Mathilde Rodbertus (1804–1886), sister of Karl Rodbertus
- Hedwig (1827–1893), 1st wife Bernhard von Lepels (1818–1885)
- Wilhelm (1829–1886) ∞ Jelka von Schlippenbach (1835–1917)
- Franz (1854–1918) ∞ Adelaide de Luchet (1851–1899) from Mexico
- Wilhelm "Willi" (1856–1933) ∞ Godoy Estigaribia (1873–1958) from Paraguay
- Wilo (1896–1968)
- Jelka (1857–1942) ∞ Franz-Hubert Graf von Thiele-Winckler (1857–1922)
- Valeska (1893–1949) ∞ Gerhard Graf von Kanitz
- Maria (1869–1940) ∞ August von Dönhoff (1845–1920)
- Marion Countess Dönhoff (1909–2002)
- Georg (1815–1874), 2nd house
- Felix (1817–1891), 3rd house
- Adelaide (1839–1917) ∞ Erich von Caprivi (1836–1882), brother of Leo von Caprivi
- Bruno (1843–1908) ∞ Hedwig Greve
- Wilhelm (1873–1927)
- Felix (1899–1979)
- Egbert (1881-1941)
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Franz (1803–1877), 1st house ∞ Mathilde Rodbertus (1804–1886), sister of Karl Rodbertus
- Jürgen Heinrich II. (1715–1796)
- Caspar Matthias (1660–1723), 1st branch ( Hattenbach house )
House Nassenheide in Pomerania:
- Ernst († 1637)
- Joachim (1620–1686)
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Otto Gustav (1657–1735), bought Nassenheide in 1720
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Friedrich Wilhelm (1716–1783), raised to the rank of count in 1749
- Wilhelm (1755-1826)
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Friedrich Wilhelm (1716–1783), raised to the rank of count in 1749
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Otto Gustav (1657–1735), bought Nassenheide in 1720
- Joachim (1620–1686)
- Ernst († 1637)
Literature and Sources
literature
- Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. IV. Volume: The district court districts of Schwaan, Bützow, Sternberg, Güstrow, Krakow, Goldberg, Parchim, Lübz and Plau. Schwerin 1901, reprint 1993, ISBN 3-910179-08-8
- Friedrich Schlie: The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume 5: The district courts of Teterow, Malchin, Stavenhagen, Penzlin, Waren, Malchow and Röbel. Schwerin 1902, reprint 1993, ISBN 3-910179-09-6
- Historisch-Genealogisches Handbuch des Familie v. Lepel (Lepell). Developed by Andreas Hansert and Oskar Matthias Frhr on the basis of family history sources. v. Lepel with the assistance of Klaus Bernhard Frhr. v. Lepel and Herbert Stoyan. German Family Archives, Volume 151. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Manfred Dreiss, Insingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-7686-5201-8
- Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume VII, Volume 97 of the complete series. CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1989, ISBN 3-7980-0700-4 , p. 290.
- [Editor]: Lepel, von (Pomeranian noble family). In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 14, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-428-00195-8 , pp. 301-304 ( digitized version ).
- Deutsche Adelsgenossenschaft (Ed.): Yearbook of the German Adels , 1898, Volume 2. Verlag von WT Bruer, p. 403, digitized
- Wolf Lüdeke v. Weltzien: Families in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Volume 3. Nagold 1992.
- Claus Heinrich Bill: Mecklenburg nobility in the early modern period 1550–1750. Series of publications by the Institute for German Aristocracy Research, Volume 15.Sønderburg 1999.
- Oskar Matthias Frhr. v. Lepel: Nassenheide in Pomerania. History of a manor . Barton Verlag, Metternich 2014, ISBN 978-3-934648-03-6 .
Printed sources
Unprinted sources
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State Main Archive Schwerin Genealogical Collections.
- Claus Josias von Behr: Mecklenburgische Adelschronic until around 1749.
- Conrad Lüder von Pentz : 1766–1775
- Cuno von Rodde : Information on the von Lepel family and cross-checking of the family records.
- LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Provincial Monastery / Monastery Office Dobbertin No. 88, 89.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: The Lepel in Mecklenburg. 1992, p. 115.
- ↑ MUB I. (1863) No. 453.
- ^ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: The Lepel in Mecklenburg. 1992, p. 123.
- ^ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: The Lepel in Mecklenburg. 1992, p. 123.
- ^ Wolf Lüdeke von Lepel: The Lepel in Mecklenburg. 1992, p. 125.
- ^ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: The Lepel in Mecklenburg. 1992, p. 127.
- ^ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: The Lepel in Mecklenburg. 1992, p. 133.
- ^ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: The Lepel in Mecklenburg. 1992, p. 132.
- ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village Dammwolde. 1901, pp. 626-629.
- ↑ Friedrich Schlie: The estate and church village Ludorf. 1902, pp. 512-520.
- ^ Friedrich Schlie: The parish village Parum. 1901, pp. 282-286.
- ^ Friedrich Schlie: The branch church village Dobbin. 1901, pp. 338-341.
- ^ Friedrich Lorenz: Groß Bäbelin In: The manor villages, manor complexes and parks in the nature park and its surroundings. Edited by the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide Nature Park 2007, p. 74.
- ↑ Berlinische Nachrichten von Staats- und schehrte Dinge, 1819, 1/3
- ^ Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen, IV. Part Volume II, Anklam 1868
- ^ Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Volume 1. W. Dietze, Anklam / Berlin 1865, pp. 333-336. ( Google Books ).
- ^ Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldatisches Führertum . Volume 1, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632764 , pp. 138-139, no. 212.
- ^ Kurt von Priesdorff: Soldatisches Führertum. Volume 4, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632799 , pp. 472-473, no. 1397.
- ↑ Kürschner's German Scholars Calendar . Volume 7, 1950.