Liebenstein Castle (Wartburg district)
| Love stone | ||
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 Liebenstein ruins |
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| Creation time : | Middle Ages (14th century) | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Standing position : | Local nobility | |
| Place: | Bad Liebenstein | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 49 '3 " N , 10 ° 21' 43" E | |
| Height: | 460 m above sea level NN | |
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The castle ruin Liebenstein is a former hilltop castle at 460 m above sea level. NN on the southwest slope of the Thuringian Forest . It is located north above the town of Bad Liebenstein on the castle or castle hill.
history
prehistory
Liebenstein Castle is only about three kilometers (as the crow flies) east of Altenstein Castle on a moderately steep mountain above today's spa town of Bad Liebenstein. There are diverging opinions in the literature about their builders and their motives. Both the Lords of Stein at Altenstein Castle and possibly the Counts of Frankenstein are being considered. In the 13th century, the power interests of the Landgraves of Thuringia , the Counts of Henneberg , the Würzburg diocese , the Archdiocese of Mainz and the monasteries Fulda and Hersfeld, which were still represented with rich property, overlapped in the area between Eisenach and Breitungen / Werra . This resulted in the construction of numerous castles and fortifications, the disturbed balance of power was one reason for the outbreak of the Thuringian War of Succession. Neuchâtel Castle, mentioned in 1330 ( novum castrum in lapide ), and in 1352 also the nüwe sloz czu dem Steyne refers to the Markgrafenstein Castle near Altenstein . Altenstein, which is directly adjacent to this castle, was sold in 1360 by Wenzel II vom Stein to the militarily successful Thuringian landgrave Balthasar.
The Liebenstein line of the Herren vom Stein
After the handover of the Altenstein you can find the Knights from Stein from 1386 on the Liebenstein, thus establishing the Liebenstein line " Stein zu Liebenstein ". The building should therefore fall in the period from 1360 to 1375. In 1406 the name "Lybinstein" appears for the first time. The temporary pledge of the Bailiwick of Brotterode ( vogetye Brungarterode ) by Heinrich von Henneberg († 1405) to them in 1393 can be seen as evidence of the renewed rise of the Knights of the Stone . The castle district belonging to the Liebenstein cannot result from the former Altensteiner possessions, because in the border descriptions and protocols to the forest ownership of Brotterode, only their successors in the Altensteiner office , the dogs from Wenckheim auf Altenstein, are named as western neighbors .
In the Peasants' War in 1525, the Liebenstein Castle was saved, as the lord of the castle Lips von Stein submitted to the peasants for pretense and was able to save his property from destruction and looting. A fire mentioned in 1567 destroyed parts of the castle. It came into being when the Reich Execution Army captured the Liebenstein, which was set off to Thuringia with the settlement of the Grumbach trade in order to restore peace in the country. Hermann von Stein repaired the castle until 1599 and recommended the newly discovered mineral spring to his liege Casimir (1610), and the Sauerbrunnen settlement was built around this spring . After the von Stein castle owners died out , the Liebenstein served as a widow's residence until 1667. With the extinction of the Liebenstein line of the Lords of Stein, all property fell in 1673 as a settled fiefdom to Ernst the Pious .
The Liebensteiner castle ruins
In the course of the division of the Ernestine duchies, the castle came to the ducal house of Saxony-Meiningen . Around 1800 Duke George I had the first renovation work carried out on the ruins. The missing drawbridge was replaced by a stone arch bridge. With the sights of Altensteiner Park and the Liebenstein castle ruins, the flourishing spa town of Liebenstein offered the majority of the aristocratic spa guests a wide range of romantic excursion destinations and motifs for souvenir items. One example is the richly illustrated travel guide by Rohbock and Koelster. The motifs shown can be found in hand-colored copies as album sheets, some were also realistically colored by the ducal porcelain factory and reproduced as miniatures on teacups.
The castle ruins have been owned by the Free State of Thuringia since 1920 . The Liebensteiner Castle municipality in 1932 created a rise in the ruins for use as a lookout. The log cabin at the foot of the ruin was built for management purposes. During the GDR era, the castle ruins were looked after by friends of the GDR culture association. Regular guided tours for spa guests were organized and the site was structurally secured and maintained within the framework of limited possibilities. From 1991, a newly founded association of nature and homeland friends Bad Liebenstein took over the monument. It has been owned by the Thuringian Palaces and Gardens Foundation since 1998 . In the course of the due renovation work, water and electricity connections were relocated to the castle ruins. Extensive renovation measures and excavations accompanying construction have been taking place since 2006.
The two maple trees ( sycamore ) in front of the castle ruins were designated as a natural monument in 1958 .
Historical views
Ludwig Rohbock : Liebenstein ruins (1862)
Georg Lilie: View from the Southwest (1905)
Georg Lilie: View from the Zwinger (1906)
Georg Lilie: Bird's Eye View (1906)
Panorama picture
literature
- Ludwig Bechstein : Liebenstein and Altenstein. A tour guide . Verlags-Comptoir, Gotha 1842.
- Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia. 430 castles, castle ruins and fortifications . Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , p. 315–316: Liebenstein castle ruins .
- G. Brückner : Historical sketch of the castle and Bad Liebenstein . Brückner & Renner, Meinigen 1872.
- Roland Geißler : hiking guide to Bad Liebenstein and the Inselsberg. Hikes and bike tours between Bad Salzungen, Ruhla, Eisenach, Trusetal, Brotterode and the Rennsteig Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2007, ISBN 978-3-938997-79-6 .
- Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces . Jenzig-Verlag Köhler, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , p. 174: Liebenstein, (Bad Liebenstein) .
- Friedrich Mosengeil : The Bad Liebenstein and its surroundings . Ettingsche Buchhandlung, Gotha 1815 ( archive.org ).
- Friedrich Mosengeil: Liebenstein and the new Arcadians. Nature painting and narration . With 7 views. 2nd, much larger edition. Wilmanns, Frankfurt am Main 1826.
- Hans Patze , Peter Aufgebauer (Ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 9: Thuringia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 313). 2nd, improved and supplemented edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-520-31302-2 , pp. 244-246.
Web links
- Christine Seige: Liebenstein castle ruins. Retrieved November 27, 2015 .
- http://heimatfreundebali.jimdo.com/ WEB appearance of Natur- und Heimatfreunde eV Bad Liebenstein
Individual evidence
- ↑ Werner Mägdefrau , Rainer Lämmerhirt , Dana Lämmerhirt: Thuringian castles and fortifications in the Middle Ages . Verlag Rockstuhl, Bad Langensalza 2001, ISBN 3-934748-43-0 , p. 184 .
- ↑ G. Voss: District court districts Salzungen and Wasungen (= architectural and art monuments of Thuringia. 2: Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen. Volume 1: Meiningen district. ). 2nd division = booklet 35. Fischer, Jena 1909, pp. 81–86. .
- ↑ P. Pumpkin: On the forest history of the Brotteroder Centwaldes in the Thuringian Forest. In: Messages from forestry and forest science. 13. Vol., 1942, ZDB -ID 208258-5 , pp. 352-376.
- ↑ Manfred Salzmann (Ed.): Between Ruhla, Bad Liebenstein and Schmalkalden (= values of our homeland . Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Ruhla and Schmalkalden . Volume 48 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-05-000378-2 , pp. 81–90: Chapter: Bad Liebenstein .
- ↑ Ludwig Rohbock : The Kingdom of Saxony, Thuringia and Anhalt. Represented in picturesque original views of their most interesting areas, cities, seaside resorts, churches, castles and other excellent architectural monuments of old and modern times. Taken after nature . Engraved in steel by the most distinguished artists of our time. With historical-topographical text. Lange, Darmstadt 1862.
- ↑ Natur- und Heimatfreunde Bad Liebenstein eV (Ed.): Bad Liebenstein and the sights in the vicinity of the castle ruins . Leaflet. Bad Liebenstein 2010, p. 12 .
- ^ Biedermann: Natural monuments in the Wartburg district . District Office Wartburgkreis, 2014, p. 60