Sooneck Castle

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Sooneck Castle from the southeast (2011)

The Sooneck even Saneck or Sonneck or earlier Castle Sonneck called, is a hillside castle in the upper Middle Rhine Valley in Mainz-Bingen ( Rheinland-Pfalz ). It stands on the northeastern steep slope of the Binger Wald not far from Niederheimbach between Bingen and Bacharach am Rhein .

Sooneck Castle has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 ; it is also a protected cultural asset under the Hague Convention .

history

Johann III. Marshal von Waldeck on a grave slab from 1364 in St. Martin's Church in Lorch (Rheingau) .
Sooneck Castle from the northeast (aerial photo from 2015)
Sooneck Castle, view from the right bank of the Rhine
Sooneck Castle around 1832 on an engraving after Tombleson

According to new investigations, the first mention must be set to the year 1271. Like the neighboring Reichenstein Castle , it was the Lords of Hohenfels who managed the castle as bailiffs of the imperial abbey Kornelimünster near Aachen. The siege of 1282 by King Rudolf von Habsburg is secured . His troops captured and destroyed the castle, which was prohibited from rebuilding. The king expressly confirmed this again in 1290. The ban was only lifted in 1349 by King Charles IV , after the property and bailiwick had fallen to Kurmainz .

In April 1346, the Archbishop of Mainz, Heinrich III. the knight Johann Marschall zu Waldeck with Sooneck Castle, who had the facility rebuilt in the following years. After his death it fell to four of his heirs as a joint fief ; Sooneck thus became a Ganerbeburg .

The branches of the family who lived there were sometimes not very friendly and fought over their inheritance. Multiple had the truce among the inhabitants of the castle Sooneck be closed.

When the von Waldeck family died out with the death of Philipp Melchior in 1553, the von Breidbach zu Bürresheim family (previously co-owners of the complex) were given the castle alone. When this aristocratic tribe also died out, Sooneck began to decline.

In the course of the War of the Palatinate Succession , Sooneck - like all castles on the left bank of the Rhine - was destroyed in 1689 by the troops of the French King Louis XIV .

In 1774, the Mainz Cathedral Chapter ceded the ruins to four residents of Trechtingshausen , who planted vineyards there. The plant later came into the possession of the Niederheimbach community.

In 1834 the then Prussian Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm IV. And his brothers, Princes Wilhelm, Carl and Albrecht, bought the completely dilapidated Sooneck Castle and had it rebuilt as a hunting lodge between 1843 and 1861. Sooneck Castle was largely rebuilt while retaining the historical structures and adding romanticized buildings. The royal Prussian coat of arms above the northern castle gate (original entrance on the other side) dates from this time. Due to royal family disputes and the effects of the March Revolution in 1848, the castle could never be used as a hunting lodge. In 1861, the reconstruction was completed according to plans by the military architect Carl Schnitzler .

With the compensation for the prince after the First World War , Sooneck Castle became state property. After the Second World War she came to the State of Rhineland-Palatinate and from 1948 to the State Palace Administration of Rhineland-Palatinate (today: General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate Directorate for Castles, Palaces, Antiquities Rhineland-Palatinate). It can be viewed on guided tours.

Furnishing

The living rooms are mainly furnished with neo-Gothic and Biedermeier furniture. Some paintings from the possession of the Hohenzollern family and, since 1991, the köth-wanscheidsche family foundation, with drawings and sketches by Johann-Caspar Schneider , among others , enrich the interior appearance.

literature

  • Castles, palaces, antiquities, Rhineland-Palatinate (Hrsg.): State castles, palaces and antiquities in Rhineland-Palatinate . Schnell + Steiner, Regensburg 2003, ISBN 3-7954-1566-7 .
  • Michael P. Fuhr: Who wants to be the keeper of the river? 40 castles and palaces on the Middle Rhine. 1st edition. Schnell + Steiner, Regensburg 2002, ISBN 3-7954-1460-1 , pp. 30–33.
  • Irene Haberland et al. Alexander Thon: Sooneck Castle (Edition Castles, Palaces, Antiquities Rhineland-Palatinate - Guide booklet 8). Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7954-2601-9 .
  • Ursula Rathke: Sooneck Castle . Leader of the administration of the state palaces of Rhineland-Palatinate, issue 8. Mainz 1995.
  • Alexander Thon: Cities against castles. Actual and presumed sieges of castles on the Middle Rhine by the Rhenish Federation 1254-1257 . In: Yearbook for West German State History . No. 34, 2008, pp. 17–42, here pp. 33–36 (on the siege of 1254).

Documents

  • Image of the Sonneck ruins in JF Dielmann et al .: FC Vogel's panorama of the Rhine, images of the right and left banks of the Rhine . Lithographic institute FC Vogel, Frankfurt 1833.

Web links

Commons : Burg Sooneck  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.welt-der-wappen.de/Heraldik/aktuell/galerien3/galerie2134.htm
  2. ↑ https://www.lagis-hessen.de/de/subjects/gsrec/current/17/sn/gdm?q=Lorch

Coordinates: 50 ° 1 ′ 10.2 ″  N , 7 ° 49 ′ 29.8 ″  E