Karl Gottlob Sunday

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Karl Gottlob Sunday

Karl Gottlob Sunday (* 22. August 1765 in Radeberg , † July 17 jul. / 29. July  1827 greg. In Riga ;. Latvian Karlis Gotlobs Zontāgs German as Carl) was a German Protestant theologian who from 1788 as a top pastor and School director in Riga and from 1803 as general superintendent of Livonia . His particular merits are the spiritual, societal and social unification of the multitude of ethnic groups in Livonia and the development and dissemination of a uniform Latvian language as the basis of today's official language of Latvia .

He was a member of the Kurland Society for Literature and Art and editor of the Rigas City Gazette .

Life

Karl Gottlob Sonntag was born on August 22, 1765 in Radeberg as the first child of the trimmings master and later councilor , quarter master and senator Johann Gottfried Sonntag (1738–1799) and his wife Christiane Elisabeth (1742–1801 ), who belonged to the Radeberg manufacturer and mayor dynasty Rumpelt ) born. Karl Gottlob Sonntag received his first school lessons from his father, after which he received one in the Radeberg city school under the rector Johann Michael Klemm, who was also the private tutor of the family of the Radeberg judicial officer Langbein and whose son, the poet August Friedrich Ernst Langbein , had taught comprehensive training, also in basic sciences. On May 8, 1778, he was admitted to the Fürsten- und Landesschule Schulpforta , he had received one of the two school fee-free exemptions that the city of Radeberg was entitled to. Closed Sunday in February 1783

"With the most favorable certificates of his teachers and with honorable discharge"

- Christian Wilhelm Brockhusen : Personal details . In: As a souvenir on Sundays. Riga 1827

as well as with a speech given in Latin about the great merits of Saxony and Germany's scholarship since the Reformation, the state school. On May 12, 1784 Sunday began his studies at the University of Leipzig and disputed there already on February 3, 1785. In the philosophical and theological studies was released Sunday by the professors Morus , Platner and Rose Mueller as well as Johann August Ernesti , a leading representative of the Enlightenment , taught. He studied philology with Christian Daniel Beck , later rector of Leipzig University. At Midsummer Day (June 24th) 1786, Sunday took the position of tutor and educator for the children of superintendent Rosenmüller in Leipzig. At the same time, he continued his academic studies. In September 1786, at the age of 21, Sonntag became a master by diploma .

Because Sonntag saw little chance of rapid professional advancement in the Electorate of Saxony , he initially became a private lecturer in Leipzig. Here he met Johann Gottfried Herder in 1788 , who worked as a teacher at the cathedral school in Riga from 1764 and held various offices there until 1769.

On Sunday, his former teacher in Leipzig, More, placed him in Riga, where the position of director of the cathedral school had become vacant. The acquaintance with Herder, who had also worked at the cathedral school, was motivating for Sunday to go to the predominantly German-influenced Baltic States . In May 1788, Sonntag traveled to Riga.

After he established himself firmly in Riga and was rector of the cathedral school and then of the lyceum as well as Dr. phil. and Magister had achieved a high social position, he married on November 20th jul. / December 1,  1789 greg. Gertrud Hedwig Grave, the daughter of the businessman and "Elders of the Great Guild " Ludwig Grave and Johanna Sophia, born. Schwartz, from the Riga mayor dynasty Schwartz. Karl Gottlob Sunday's brother-in-law, Karl Ludwig Grave , succeeded Sunday as senior pastor at the Kronskirche and later also made a great career. Sunday's marriage remained childless, but the couple took on two foster children.

In August 1797, Sonntag traveled to his parents in Radeberg on the occasion of his 32nd birthday. On this occasion, the parents wrote a poem of joy or a hymn of praise for their son. They had this multi-page poem printed and bound in the electoral court book printer in Dresden. That was the first and last visit to Radeberg and the last reunion with his parents and siblings.

Act

On September 13th Jul. / September 24,  1788 greg. Sunday took up his post as rector of the cathedral school (today " 1st Riga State High School "). In August 1789 he was appointed rector of the then Lyceum (now the Pushkin Lyceum Riga). In the 18th and 19th centuries, this school (government grammar school from 1804) was the most prestigious school in Riga and all of Livonia, which prepared students for university. This position of the rector was connected with the diaconate of the "Kronskirche zu St. Jakob", which the senior pastor Christian Adolf Ludwig Dingelstädt held until his death in January 1791. So Sonntag took his position from January 1791, but remained rector of the lyceum until 1793 because no successor could be found.

In January 1799 he became assessor in the Imperial Livonian Upper Consistory, d. H. Assessor in the highest administrative authority in Livonia.

Honors

The Jenaische Latinische Societät appointed an honorary member on Sunday 1802, in 1805 he received the "Honorary Diploma of a Doctor of Theology" from the Imperial University of Dorpat . He found high recognition as a member of the literary-practical citizens' association and the Kurland Society for Literature and Art .

Emperor Alexander I paid tribute to Sunday's services in 1819 "by allocating the Colberg crown estate to 12 years". In 1823 the emperor awarded him the Order of St. Anne, 2nd class.

Sunday's reputation had become so well known that it was called to the Petrikirche in St. Petersburg . The University of Dorpat appointed him professor of church history and theological literature. Sunday turned down two offers from 1804 and 1812 to come to Berlin as a professor , just as he turned down the offers to go to Danzig as consistorial counselor and to Königsberg and later to Coburg as professor .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Radeberger Chronik 1550-1839 . Handwritten manuscript. Archive no. 00003476. Museum Schloss Klippenstein Radeberg
  2. ↑ a b As a souvenir on Sundays. Printed by Wilhelm Ferdinand Häcker. Riga 1827. OCLC 313154632 .
  3. ↑ Heinrich v. Martius: Radeberg and its surroundings. Bautzen 1828
  4. ^ JG and CE Sunday: feelings on the birthday of our beloved son M. Karl Gottlob Sunday , senior pastor at the Kronskirche in Riga, August 22, 1797, Dresden . Online resource SLUB Dresden
personal data
SURNAME Sunday, Karl Gottlob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Baltic German theologian
DATE OF BIRTH August 22, 1765
PLACE OF BIRTH Radeberg
DATE OF DEATH July 1827
Place of death Riga