Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy

Monument to Arosemena on the Malecón 2000 in Guayaquil

Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy (born August 24, 1919 in Guayaquil ; † March 5, 2004 ibid) was an Ecuadorian lawyer and politician. Between 1961 and 1963 he was president of his country.

Arosemena was the son of the banker Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola from Guayaquil, who was President of Ecuador in 1947/48. The future president Otto Arosemena (1966–68) was his cousin. Arosemena Monroy studied law at the University of Guayaquil , where he also received his doctorate and later taught as a professor of international law. Arosemena Monroy was a supporter of the populist politician José María Velasco Ibarra and during his third presidency (1952-56) temporarily Minister of Defense (1952) and co-founder and general secretary of his party Federación Nacional Velasquista . In the presidential elections in 1960, he ran as a vice-presidential candidate for the victorious Velasco. Nonetheless, he expressed public protest against various measures taken by the president in support of public protests. Velasco tried to overthrow the vice president but was eventually deposed by Congress himself. Arosemena succeeded him on November 9, 1961 .

Arosemena's presidency was marked by strong ideological disputes as a result of the Cuban revolution . Arosemena eventually distanced itself from the new Cuban government, but did not take a clear stance for the United States. He was nationalist and anti-imperialist. Internally, he governed unions with an open mind and, among other things, passed decrees on the 40-hour week and the payment of a thirteenth monthly salary. The airline TAME was founded during his presidency .

He was repeatedly criticized by opposition politicians for excessive alcohol consumption on official occasions and survived impeachment proceedings. On July 11, 1963 , he was deposed by a military junta led by Rear Admiral Ramón Castro Jijón , who also took over the affairs of state. Arosemena had made criticism of America the previous evening at a speech at the reception for US investors. He was exiled to Panama.

In the new free elections in 1966 he ran for the Ecuadorian parliament , in which he moved for the second time after 1952. He was re-elected to Congress in 1968, 1980 and most recently in 1992. In 1969 he founded his own party, which was initially called Movimiento Nacional Arosemenista (Eng. "Arosemenist National Movement "), then Partido Nacionalista Revolucionario (Eng. "Nationalist Revolutionary Party") and was viewed as a populist party of the center.

In 1994 Arosemena was a judge at the Supreme Court of Ecuador.

literature

• Carlos Arosemena Monroy , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 35/1967 of August 21, 1967, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely available)

Web links

• Simón Espinosa Cordero, Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy , on edufuturo.com , the educational portal of the prefecture of the Pichincha province (Spanish)
• Humberto Oña Villarreal, Dr. Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy , on explored.com.ec , an online service of the Diario HOY newspaper, Quito (Spanish)
• Silvia Coello, Murió ayer ex presidente Carlos Julio Arosemena , El Universo (daily newspaper in Guayaquil), March 6, 2004 (provided by http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/ by Antonio de la Cova at Indiana University ; Spanish)