Spice calf's caper

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Spice calf's caper
Chaerophyllum aromaticum kz4.JPG

Spice calf's caper ( Chaerophyllum aromaticum )

Systematics
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Tribe : Scandiceae
Sub tribus : Scandicinae
Genre : Calf heads ( Chaerophyllum )
Type : Spice calf's caper
Scientific name
Chaerophyllum aromaticum
L.
Spice calf's caper ( Chaerophyllum aromaticum )
Infructescence with fruits

The spice calf's goiter ( Chaerophyllum aromaticum ), also called aromatic calf's goiter or scented calf's goiter , is a species of plant in the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae). It occurs in Central , Southeastern and Eastern Europe .

description

Appearance and foliage leaf

The Spice Chervil is a spicy-smelling and perennial , herbaceous plant . It is strong, reaches heights of up to 2 meters and has a long, creeping root . The upright, branched stems are bristly haired with white, backward-facing trichomes .

The alternate leaves have a petiole and a leaf sheath . The leaf blades are usually bi-pinnate. The 4 to 10 centimeters long leaflets are lanceolate to egg-shaped and, next to the wedge-shaped narrowed base of the base, glabrous or slightly downy and hairy with white hair. The upper end of the leaflets is pointed and the upper leaflets are usually long pointed. The edge of the leaves is roughly serrated . There are no stipules .

Inflorescence, flower and fruit

The flowering period extends from July to August. The flowers stand together in multi-flowered, doldy partial inflorescences ; the curved back leaflets are ciliate. The flower stalks diverge radially and hardly thicken when fruit is formed .

With the exception of the gynoeceum, the five-fold flowers are inconspicuous and have no sepals . The five free, white petals are edged, bent back and not ciliate. There is only one circle with five free stamens . Two carpels have become an under constant ovary grown. Two styluses sit on the flat, conical stylus pad.

The fruits , which sit on curved fruit stalks, are 8 to 15 millimeters in length, narrowly ovate-elongated and slightly compressed at the sides. They have broad and rounded ribs each with an oil streak.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Occurrence

The spiced calf's goiter is widespread in Central Europe, northern Italy , the Balkan Peninsula , eastern Europe, Turkey and Georgia. In Norway and Sweden the species is a neophyte. The spiced calf's goat colonizes moist habitats such as brook meadows , wooded banks or shady, moist forests. It is a character species of the Chaerophylletum aromatici from the association of the Aegopodion.

In Austria the spiced calf's goiter occurs absent-mindedly or rarely in the federal states of Burgenland , Lower Austria , Vienna and Upper Austria ; only inconsistent in Styria and Salzburg .

Taxonomy

Chaerophyllum aromaticum was in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , vol 1, page 259, first published . A synonym for Chaerophyllum aromaticum L. is Chaerophyllum euboeum Halácsy .

Common names

The other German-language trivial names Wilde Engelwurz and Mattenkörfel also existed or existed for the spice calf's cap.

swell

literature

  • John Francis Michael Cannon : Chaerophyllum. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1968, ISBN 0-521-06662-X , pp. 324-325 (English, limited preview in the Google book search - Chaerophyllum and Chaerophyllum aromaticum - from the unmodified reprint from 2010 ( ISBN 978-0-521-15367-6 )).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 837-838 .
  2. ↑ She Menglan, Mark F. Watson: Chaerophyllum. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . tape 17 : Verbenaceae through Solanaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X , pp. 25 (English, online ).
  3. ↑ Chaerophyllum aromaticum , chromosome number at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ↑ a b Chaerophyllum aromaticum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
  5. ↑ a b Ralf Hand: Apiaceae, Details for: Chaerophyllum aromaticum. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, January 2011, accessed on May 17, 2018 (English).
  6. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  701 .
  7. ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum . 1st edition. tape 1 . Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 259 ( online ).
  8. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 88. ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Spiced Calf's Cap ( Chaerophyllum aromaticum )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files