Chilean-Portuguese relations
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The Chilean-Portuguese relations describe the intergovernmental relationship between Chile and Portugal . The countries have maintained diplomatic relations since Chilean independence in 1821.
The bilateral relations are considered good. The points of contact today are the growing trade relations and the joint work in international fora such as the Ibero America Summit , the Latin Union , the World Trade Organization or in the developing relations between the EU and Mercosur , of which Chile is an associated member. In addition, Chile has had observer status in the community of Portuguese-speaking countries since 2018 .
The historical Portuguese immigration should also be mentioned, although this took place in Chile much less than in neighboring Argentina. In 2014, 769 citizens were registered in the Portuguese consulates in 2014 in Chile. In Portugal, 214 Chilean citizens were registered (as of 2017).
In Portugal, the name of Chile is relatively present in everyday life, for example through the advertising for the Chilean fertilizer Nitrato de Chile , which used to be very widespread throughout Portugal, or the central Lisbon square Praça do Chile , on which a statue of Magellans donated by Chile stands. The Portuguese explorer Fernão de Magalhães (Spanish: Magellan) was the first European to set foot in what is now Chile in 1520, making him an essential point of reference in the country's founding history.
history
The Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan sailed around the southern tip of Chile in 1520 and found the Strait of Magellan named after him . He was the first European to enter what is now Chile, in the area of what is now Punta Arenas .
Despite the Portuguese-Spanish Treaty of Tordesillas (1494), a large number of Portuguese traders, craftsmen, mercenaries and artists also sought their fortune in areas of South America that had been closed to Spain, including Chile. However, they came here in far fewer numbers, as there was no news of gold or silver discoveries from here.
The Portuguese government, based in Rio de Janeiro , became the first state to recognize Chile's independence in August 1821.
On February 28, 1879, the two countries concluded their first friendship, trade and shipping agreement in Santiago de Chile .
On 26 November 1912 accredited , the Portuguese writer and diplomat Abel Botelho , Portugal's ambassador to Argentina, the first Portuguese Ambassador to Chile. The country then continued to belong to the administrative district of the Portuguese representatives in Argentina, who received double accreditation in Santiago de Chile . In 1926, Portugal opened its own legation in the Chilean capital Santiago de Chile .
The Estado Novo dictatorship established in Portugal since 1932 had comparatively good relations with Chile. On July 17, 1958, a new Chilean-Portuguese trade agreement was signed. The strictly anti-communist regime in Portugal, however, came comparatively little closer to the country, especially after the election of the socialist Salvador Allende as President of Chile in 1970.
After the coup in Chile in 1973 , Portugal withdrew its ambassador from Chile and left an honorary consul as its representative.
The repressive regime of Portugal ended with the Carnation Revolution in 1974, but there was no significant revival of relations as a result of the right-wing coup in Chile in 1973 and the subsequent Pinochet dictatorship until 1990. In the Portuguese public, support for the Chilean opposition played a role at that time , also through ongoing expressions of solidarity and regular events with Chilean opposition members, for example at the left-wing Festa do Avante! , the largest cultural festival in Portugal to date.
At the official level, the two states did not come closer until the end of the Pinochet dictatorship. After initial declarations of intent in 1988 to reopen mutual embassies, direct diplomatic relations were resumed on June 26, 1989.
In particular, since the regular Ibero-American Summits (since 1991) and the Association Agreement between Mercosur and the EU (1995), Portuguese relations with Latin America have entered a new phase. In this context, the Chilean-Portuguese relations also experienced a revival. The first result was the mutual investment agreement of April 8, 1995. Among the other agreements is v. a. the reciprocal social security agreement agreed in 2001 .
Mutual state visits have also increased since then, especially after the visit of the Portuguese President Mário Soares to Chile in July 1993. The following visits include the visit of the Chilean President Ricardo Lagos to Portugal in 2001 and the visit of the Portuguese President Jorge Sampaio to Chile 2006.
In March 2007 the two countries signed a new cooperation agreement in Lisbon. a. for the areas of education, science, culture, youth and sport. A large number of other mutual visits and agreements followed, including a. a memorandum of understanding on energy issues and mutual business and business visits.
At the 12th Conference of the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries in Cape Verde on July 17 and 18, 2018, Chile was granted observer status.
diplomacy
Portugal maintains an embassy in the Chilean capital Santiago de Chile . There are no Portuguese consulates in Chile.
Chile also has its own embassy in Portugal, in downtown Lisbon . There was also an honorary consulate of Chile in Porto , but it has since been suspended.
economy
The Portuguese Chamber of Commerce AICEP maintains a representative office at the Portuguese Embassy in the Chilean capital Santiago de Chile, and with the Câmara Bilateral no Chile there is a bilateral Chilean-Portuguese Chamber of Commerce in Santiago.
Bilateral trade is growing. In 2016, 445 Portuguese companies were already trading with Chile, compared to 307 in 2012.
In 2016, Portugal exported goods worth 109.0 million euros to Chile ( 2015 : 103.1 million; 2014 : 90.3 million; 2013 : 77.4 million; 2012 : 86.4 million) , of which 34% machines and devices, 26.2% cork and wood, 12.5% metal goods, 8.6% plastics and rubber, 7.3% paper and cellulose and 5.3% textiles.
In the same period, Chile delivered goods worth 52.2 million euros to Portugal ( 2015 : 39.2 million; 2014 : 44.9 million; 2013 : 31.9 million; 2012 : 24.7 million) , of which 84.6% agricultural products, 5.5% paper and cellulose, 3.1% machines and devices, 2.00% food and 1.7% leather and hides.
In 2016, Chile ranked 44th as a buyer and 60th as a supplier for Portuguese foreign trade in goods, while Portugal was in 60th place among buyers and 38th among suppliers in Chilean foreign trade in goods.
Culture
The Portuguese cultural institute Instituto Camões is u. a. Represented with a language center in Santiago de Chile and one lecturer at the state university Universidad de Chile and one at the Universidad de Santiago de Chile , also the supervision of the Lusitanistik chair Cátedra Fernão Magalhães at the Universidad de Valparaíso should be mentioned.
During the Pinochet dictatorship , songs of the Chilean opposition were popular, which were also close to the songs of the Portuguese resistance, which had been successful in the Portuguese Carnation Revolution . Some well-known songs from Chile were also sung by Portuguese musicians, such as the well-known El pueblo unido or the song Venceremos, which was translated into Portuguese .
Sports
Football is the undisputed national sport in both countries. The Chilean national soccer team and the Portuguese national team have played against each other four times (as of March 2019), for the first time on May 27, 1928 in the preliminary round at the Olympic Games in Amsterdam, the game ended 4: 2 for Portugal. Overall, Portugal was twice successful, twice they were drawn.
The Chilean women's national soccer team and the Portuguese women's national team have met once so far (as of March 2019). At the Algarve Cup they parted 0-0 on March 4, 2011 without a goal.
Chilean footballers also play more often in Portugal, such as national player Nicolás Castillo , who has been under contract with Benfica Lisbon since 2018 . Other national players such as Pablo Contreras , Matías Fernández , Mauricio Pinilla , Manuel Iturra , Rodrigo Tello , Jaime Valdés and the German-born Alexander von Schwedler also played in Portuguese clubs.
Chile's Fernando Riera was coach in Portugal several times. a. at Benfica Lisbon, where he was twice Portuguese football champion in the 1960s .
Web links
- Website of the Chilean Embassy in Portugal
- Website of the Portuguese Embassy in Chile
- Overview of the diplomatic relations between Portugal and Chile in the diplomatic portal of the Portuguese Foreign Ministry
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Overview of diplomatic relations with Chile in the diplomatic portal of the Portuguese Foreign Ministry , accessed on April 10, 2019 (Portuguese)
- ↑ Website on Portuguese-Chilean migration at the Portuguese Scientific Observatório da Emigração , accessed on April 10, 2019 (Portuguese)
- ↑ Official Portuguese aliens statistics by district , Portuguese Aliens and Borders Authority SEF, accessed on April 11, 2019 (Portuguese)
- ↑ Fernando Cristóvão (Ed.): Dicionário Temático da Lusofonia. Texto Editores, Lisbon / Luanda / Praia / Maputo 2006 ( ISBN 972-47-2935-4 ), p. 789
- ↑ a b c d Website on Chilean-Portuguese relations of the Embassy of Chile in Portugal (Spanish), accessed on April 25, 2019
- ↑ a b c d e Overview of Chilean-Portuguese trade relations (PDF download), Portuguese Chamber of Commerce AICEP, accessed on April 30, 2019 (Portuguese)
- ↑ CPLP: OBSERVADORES ASSOCIADOS , website of the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries CPLP on observer status, accessed on September 1, 2019
- ↑ Contact details of AICEP in Chile , Portuguese Chamber of Commerce AICEP, accessed on April 30, 2019 (Portuguese)
- ↑ Overview of the activities in Chile , Portuguese cultural institute Instituto Camões , accessed on May 2, 2019
- ↑ Cover of the CD compilation 25 April? April 25! (2007, Companhia Nacional de Música), a compilation of songs from the time of the Carnation Revolution
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