Mexican-Portuguese relations

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Mexican-Portuguese relations
Location of Mexico and Portugal
MexicoMexico PortugalPortugal
Mexico Portugal

The Mexican-Portuguese relations describe the intergovernmental relationship between Mexico and Portugal . The countries have had direct diplomatic relations since 1865.

The bilateral relations are considered to be problem-free and good. They are characterized by a slowly increasing bilateral trade and partnership in international organizations such as the Ibero America Summit , the OECD , the World Trade Organization and the Latin Union .

In 2014, 1,433 citizens were registered in Portuguese consulates in Mexico. In return, 433 citizens of Mexico were registered in Portugal in 2015, 193 of them in the capital Lisbon.

Various geographical names in Mexico go back to the presence of Portuguese in Mexico since the 16th century, including the place names Portugués (State of Queretaro ), El Portugués (State of Sinaloa ), Lagos (State of Jalisco ) or Paredes and Silva in the State of Guanajuato .

history

Heads of State at the Ibero-America Summit 2014 in Mexico, with Portuguese Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho (top row, 5 from left)

Despite the Portuguese-Spanish treaty of Tordesillas , Portuguese traders, craftsmen, mercenaries and artists also tried their luck in the parts of South America assigned to Spain, including today's Mexico.

1557 moved André de Burgos in the Portuguese Évora the book Relaçam Verdadeira dos Trabalhos que ho Governador Dom Fernando de Souto e Certos Fidalgos Portugueses Passarom no Descobrimento Provincia de Frolida . The unnamed author was a nobleman from Elvas who left Seville in 1538 on a Spanish expedition to America and died in Pánuco on the Gulf of Mexico in 1543 . Written in Portuguese with influences from Castilian , the book appeared in Spanish about four decades later and has been translated several times into English (1609), French (1658) and Dutch (1706). 14 editions of the book are known. The importance of the Relaçam lies in the significantly higher information content compared to the three other books about the expedition. As was often the case at the time, the author remained unknown in order to protect himself from political and religious accusations.

The Cathedral of Mexico City around 1880

The Portuguese architect Diogo Dias de Lisboa , involved in the construction of the Jeronimos Monastery in Lisbon ( UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983 ) and a protégé of Rui Gomes da Silva , Prince of Eboli in Madrid, came to Mexico around 1530. In the service of Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza , he worked on a number of religious and civil buildings. So he was u. a. Builders of stone carvings at the Cathedral of Mexico City , in 1532 built the aqueduct of Chapultepec and built 1535 Manueline windows in the Hospital de Jesus Nazareno one in Mexico City. Other buildings go back to his school, including the semi-Manueline facade of the Iglesia de la Inmaculada Concepción in Texcoco and the portal of the church of the Franciscan monastery of Huejotzingo (since 1994 a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the mission stations at the foot of the Popocatépetl ).

In 1865 the Visconde de Sotto Mayor accredited himself to the Mexican Emperor Maximilian I as Portugal's first ambassador to Mexico.

On August 9, 1913, Portugal recognized the new Mexican government under Victoriano Huerta .

The comparatively loose relationships began to deepen somewhat since the 1990s, especially since the regular Ibero-American summits . There followed more frequent mutual state visits. Mexico's President Enrique Peña Nieto last visited Portugal in 2014, while Portugal's President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa toured Mexico in 2017.

diplomacy

Portugal maintains its embassy in the Miguel Hidalgo (Delegación) district of the Mexican capital Mexico City, Alpes number 1370 in the Col. Lomas de Chapultepec . There are also four Portuguese honorary consulates in Cancún , Monterrey , Veracruz and Guadalajara , but the latter is vacant (as of February 2017).

Mexico has set up its embassy in the Benfica district of the Portuguese capital, Lisbon, at Estrada de Monsanto number 78. There are also two Mexican honorary consulates, in Porto and Faro on the Algarve coast .

Portuguese bullfighting tradition in Mexico: a group of forcados in Tequixquiac

Culture

Institutions

The Portuguese cultural institute Instituto Camões is located in Mexico City u. a. present with a language institute and a proofreading department , as well as various university collaborations and other projects.

literature

The most widely read Portuguese author in Mexico is José Saramago , while in Portugal Octavio Paz is the most famous Mexican writer. Saramago (1998) and Paz (1990) both received the Nobel Prize in Literature .

Marcela Ortiz Aznar, singer of the Mexican Fado Formatio Poética Saudade Fado Belém

music

The Portuguese composer, organist and conductor Gaspar Fernandes (1566–1629) also worked in Mexico. He died in Puebla, Mexico .

Portuguese music is not very present in everyday Mexican life, but it is relatively well known among music lovers in Mexico. Amália Rodrigues , who made frequent guest appearances here from 1953 and recorded a number of rancheras , made a significant contribution .

The Portuguese group Madredeus has had a large following in Mexico, particularly since the early 2000s. After a first appearance in 1998, she gained a growing following and played frequently in Mexico, mostly in front of sold-out houses.

The former Madredeus singer Teresa Salgueiro also continues to enjoy some attention here. In 2015 she dedicated her first Spanish-language album to La golondrina y el horizonte in 2015 in particular to Mexico.

The Mexican singer Marcela Ortiz Aznar has been a specialty with her Fado project Poética Saudade Fado Belém in Mexico City since 2003, as Fado singers who are not of Portuguese origin are generally known only very rarely.

economy

Bilateral trade

PEMEX refinery in Tula de Allende , in the Mexican state of Hidalgo : Fuels are Mexico's most important export good to Portugal

The Mexican-Portuguese Chamber of Commerce Câmara de Comércio e Indústria Luso-Mexicana is located in Lisbon , at 58 Avenida da República . The Portuguese Chamber of Commerce AICEP is represented in Mexico with an office at the Portuguese Embassy.

In 2016, Portugal exported goods and services worth EUR 272.4 million to Mexico (2015: 232.2 million; 2014: 227.4 million; 2013: 217.4 million; 2012: 212.3 million .). Of the goods, 29.0% were machines and devices, 11.6% plastics, 11.5% metals and 9.5% chemical-pharmaceutical products.

In the same period, Mexico delivered goods and services worth 180.0 million euros to Portugal (2015: 171.6 million; 2014: 67.3 million; 2013: 66.2 million; 2012: 155.8 million .). The goods included 65.1% fuel, 9.5% plastics, 7.1% agricultural products and 6.8% optical and precision instruments.

In 2015, Mexico ranked 25th as a buyer and 36th as a supplier for Portuguese foreign trade. In Mexican foreign trade in 2015, Portugal ranked 50th among buyers and 42nd among suppliers.

tourism

Mutual tourism is still relatively modest, but is growing.

With overnight expenses of 11.9 million euros, Mexican tourists represented 0.09% of Portuguese tourism in 2016.

During the economic crisis in Portugal from 2008 onwards, the number of Portuguese tourists in Mexico fell to around 17,000 in 2012, and has increased steadily since then. During hurricane Wilma in summer 2016, 380 Portuguese vacationers were stranded in Mexico and made headlines in Portugal.

Lineup of the game Portugal-Mexico on June 21, 2006 in Gelsenkirchen at the 2006 World Cup

Sports

The Mexican national soccer team and the Portuguese men's selection have played against each other three times (as of February 2017). They met for the first time on April 6, 1969 in the friendly game in the Portuguese capital Lisbon, it ended 0-0. In the following two encounters, Mexico lost to the Portuguese.

Mexican players often play for top Portuguese clubs , such as FC Porto (e.g. Héctor Herrera , Jesús Corona , Omar Govea , Miguel Layún , Diego Antonio Reyes ) or Benfica Lisbon ( Raúl Jiménez ).

The Mexican women's national team and the Portuguese women's national team have met five times so far (as of February 2017). For the first time they played against each other at the Algarve Cup 2005 in Portugal, Mexico won 2-1. Since then, three more Mexican victories have followed, once the Portuguese got the upper hand.

Web links

Commons : Mexican-Portuguese Relations  - Collection of Pictures, Videos, and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Overview of diplomatic relations between Mexico and Portugal , diplomatic institute in the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs , accessed on May 4, 2019
  2. ↑ Website on Mexican-Portuguese migration (Table A.3) at the Portuguese Scientific Observatório da Emigração , accessed on March 23, 2017
  3. ↑ Totals of the number of Mexicans in the official immigration statistics by district , Portuguese Immigration and Border Agency SEF, accessed on March 23, 2017
  4. ↑ a b Fernando Cristóvão (Ed.): Dicionário Temático da Lusofonia. Texto Editores, Lisbon / Luanda / Praia / Maputo 2006 ( ISBN 972-47-2935-4 ), p. 790
  5. ↑ Fernando Cristóvão (Ed.): Dicionário Temático da Lusofonia. Texto Editores, Lisbon / Luanda / Praia / Maputo 2006 ( ISBN 972-47-2935-4 ), p. 789
  6. ↑ List of Portuguese diplomatic missions abroad , website of the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, accessed on March 23, 2017
  7. ↑ Contact details for the Mexican consulates in Portugal on the website of the Mexican embassy in Portugal, accessed on March 23, 2017
  8. ↑ Overview of the activities in Mexico , website of the Instituto Camões, accessed on March 23, 2017
  9. ↑ Catalog book for the exhibition Amália no Mundo (July 30 to November 15, 2009 in the Panteão Nacional ), p. 83ff
  10. ^ Entry of an Amália album with Rancheras on Allmusic , accessed on March 25, 2017
  11. ↑ Madredeus-Mexico , Mexican Madredeus fansite, accessed on March 25, 2017
  12. ^ Salwa Castelo-Branco: " Enciclopédia da música em Portugal no século XX, LP ". Temas & Debates, Lisbon 2010 ( ISBN 978-989-644-108-1 ), p. 729
  13. ↑ Madredeus encerra turnê Movimento no México [“Madredeus ends Movimento tour in Mexico”], article dated December 6, 2003 on the Brazilian music website Cifra Club News , accessed on March 25, 2017
  14. ↑ Mexican TV report about Teresa Salgueiro on the occasion of the presentation of her album in Mexico , recorded on YouTube , accessed on March 25, 2017
  15. ↑ México inspira a Teresa Salgueiro ["Mexico inspires Teresa Salgueiro"], article from October 15, 2015 from www.ejecentral.com.mx, accessed on March 25, 2017
  16. ↑ Overview of the activities in Mexico , website of the Portuguese Chamber of Commerce AICEP, accessed on March 23, 2017
  17. ↑ a b c d Bilateral economic relations between Portugal and Mexico , Excel file retrieval from the Portuguese Chamber of Commerce AICEP, accessed on March 23, 2017
  18. ↑ Turismo português no México cresce 15% até Agosto ["Portuguese tourism in Mexico grows by 15% until August"], article from October 24, 2013 in the Portuguese tourism portal Turisver , accessed on March 25, 2017
  19. ↑ Portugueses retidos no México chegaram com muitas críticas [" Detained Portuguese return from Mexico with a lot of criticism"], article of June 7, 2016 in the Portuguese newspaper Jornal de Notícias , accessed on March 25, 2017