Évora

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Évora
coat of arms map
Coat of arms of Évora
Évora (Portugal)
Évora
Basic data
Region : Alentejo
Sub-region : Alentejo Central
District : Évora
Concelho : Évora
Coordinates : 38 ° 34 ′  N , 7 ° 55 ′  W Coordinates: 38 ° 34 ′  N , 7 ° 55 ′  W
Residents: 56,596 (as of June 30, 2011)
Surface: 1 307.06  km² (as of January 1, 2010)
Population density : 43 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 700x
Évora district
flag map
Flag of Évora Location of the Évora district
Residents: 56,596 (as of June 30, 2011)
Surface: 1 307.06  km² (as of January 1, 2010)
Population density : 43 inhabitants per km²
Number of municipalities : 12
administration
Administration address: Câmara Municipal de Évora
Edifício Paços do Município Páteo do Salema
7004-506 Évora
President of the Câmara Municipal: Carlos Pinto de Sá ( CDU )
Website: www.cm-evora.pt

Évora ( IPA [ 'ɛvuɾɐ ]) is a city in Alentejo in Portugal , whose historic center, 1986 in the list of World Heritage of UNESCO was taken. It has about 57,000 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2011) and is the capital of the district of the same name . It is also the seat of the Archdiocese of Évora and a state university.

Panorama Évora

history

The city gate Porta de Aviz , 1839

The megaliths in the Évora district testify to the prehistoric settlement of the area . There are numerous relics of prehistoric times near the city. The largest megalithic complex in Portugal, the " Anta Grande do Zambujeiro ", is located on the small river Ribeira . The founding of the Roman city Ebora Liberalitas Julia goes back to the imperial era, the well-preserved Diana temple with its monumental columns still bears witness to the Roman heritage today.

In the year 715 Évora (Arabic: Yabura ) was conquered by the Moors and expanded with a castle and mosque. In September 1165 Geraldo sem Pavor (= "Gerald without fear") conquered Évora for King Afonso Henriques through a ruse . With the support of the Order of Avis , the Moors were finally driven out. The order of knights made Évora its initial seat in 1166, initially also called the order of knights Évora and surrounded the city with a wall, which has largely been preserved to this day.

The Portuguese kings have been elected in Évora since the 12th century. Her court in Évora became a center of Portuguese humanism in the 15th and 16th centuries through the humanists Garcia and André Resende , the chronicler Duarte Galvão , the theater poet Gil Vicente , and the sculptor Nicolas Chanterene .

In 1559 the cardinal and later King Dom Henrique founded the Jesuit University. After the annexation of Portugal by Spain from 1580 to 1637, Évora lost a lot of its importance. With the closure of the university in 1759 by the Marquês de Pombal , Évora finally lost its former rank. In 1973 the University of Évora was re-established.

The Temple of Diana in Evora (night shot)

Attractions

The Diana temple, the castle and the aqueduct " Aqueduto de Água de Prata " date from Roman times . Further sights are the cathedral of Évora in the center , the former royal seat Paço dos Condes de Basto and the university, which has existed since the 15th century but only reopened in 1979.

In some streets of the old town - for example in the Travessa das Nunes, the Rua do Cano or the Rua do Salvador - you can see how the aqueduct was redesigned for residential purposes over time. In the narrow street Travessa Alcárcova de Cima , a well-preserved piece of Roman walls as well as Roman foundations in the basement of a residential building are noteworthy.

The downtown Praça do Giraldo called square with the marble fountain and the arches are also part of the attractions, including the ossuary Capela dos Ossos (Chapel of Bones), a church building, are stacked on the walls of human bones.

On the outskirts, about one kilometer northwest of the old town of Évora, is the Cartuxa Santa María de Scala Coeli , a former monastery of the Carthusian Order . The Charterhouse was inhabited by the monks until 2011 and is now used as a cultural and event center under the name Convento da Cartuxa . The site is open to the public.

  • Historic downtown of Évora

  • Roman aqueduct in the Travessa das Nunes

  • Capela dos Ossos in Évora

  • At the central Giraldo square

administration

Évora district

Évora is the capital of the Évora district and the seat of a district of the same name ( concelho ). The neighboring districts are (starting in the north clockwise) Arraiolos , Estremoz , Redondo , Reguengos de Monsaraz , Portel , Viana do Alentejo and Montemor-o-Novo .

The Évora district is divided into the following municipalities ( Freguesias ):

Évora district
local community Population
(2011) 		Area
km² 		Density of
population / km² 		LAU
code
Bacelo e Senhora da Saúde 18,233 46.50 392 070522
Canaviais 3,442 19.41 177 070515
Évora (São Mamede, Sé, São Pedro e Santo Antão) 4,738 1.13 4.187 070523
Malagueira e Horta das Figueiras 22,379 64.43 347 070524
Nossa Senhora da Graça do Divor 486 84.14 6th 070502
Nossa Senhora da Tourega e Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe 1,151 263.34 4th 070525
Nossa Senhora de Machede 1,123 185.19 6th 070503
Sao Bento do Mato 1,151 66.55 17th 070506
São Manços e São Vicente do Pigeiro 1,302 193.23 7th 070526
Sao Miguel de Machede 794 81.52 10 070509
São Sebastião da Giesteira e Nossa Senhora da Boa Fé 1,082 75.38 14th 070527
Torre de Coelheiros 715 226.24 3 070513
Évora district 56,596 1,307.06 43 0705

Population development

Population in Évora County (1801–2011)
year 1801 1849 1900 1930 1960 1981 1991 2001 2011
Residents 18 620 16 995 25 563 35 903 50 095 51 572 53 754 56 519 57 073

Municipal holiday

  • June 29th

Town twinning

Evora maintains city partnerships with

Évora train station

traffic

Évora is connected to the country's rail network via the Linha de Évora .

The city is on the A6 motorway .

The Évora Airport is used for private and sport aviation and for training purposes.

Évora is integrated into the national long-distance bus network of Rede Expressos .

The public transport in the urban area by buses of Transportes de Évora Rodoviários served (TREVO).

sons and daughters of the town

Explorer Pedro Fernandes de Queirós (Portuguese spelling)

A number of well-known personalities were born in Évora, especially in the 16th century, including the chronicler and poet Garcia de Resende († 1536), the military leader Cristóvão da Gama (1516–1542, son of Vasco da Gamas ), Prince Johann Manuel of Portugal ( 1537–1554, father of the fateful King D. Sebastião ), the discoverer Pedro Fernandes de Queirós (1565–1614) or the composer Gaspar Fernandes (1566–1629).

More recently, the physicist João Magueijo (* 1967), the fado singer Duarte (* 1980) and the handball goalkeeper Hugo Laurentino (* 1984) should be mentioned.

Web links

Commons : Évora  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b www.ine.pt - indicator resident population by place of residence and sex; Decennial in the database of the Instituto Nacional de Estatística
  2. ↑ a b Overview of code assignments from Freguesias on epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu
  3. ↑ TREVO website ( Memento of the original from March 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 7, 2014 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / trevo.com.pt