Christian V. (Denmark and Norway)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Christian V of Denmark and Norway
King Christian V by Christian Nerger , 1680s, National Museum Warsaw

Christian V (born April 15, 1646 in Flensburg on the Duburg ; † August 25, 1699 in Copenhagen ) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1670 to 1699 .

Life

Christian V was the son of King Friedrich III. and Sophie Amalie from Braunschweig-Lüneburg . At the age of four he was elected to succeed his father in 1650.

As a young man he went on the Grand Tour , which he u. a. led to the court of the absolutist French ruler Louis XIV . Soon after his return in 1663 he was involved in government affairs and thus prepared for his royal duties. 1665 to that of Peder Griffenfeld formulated King law of absolutism and the hereditary monarchy introduced. Christian V was the first hereditary king of Denmark. For his coronation in 1671 a new crown and a new imperial sword were made.

Like his father, he restricted the influence of the nobility and allowed commoners access to state offices, for which the new title feudal count was created. One of the most important of his civic advisors was Peder Schumacher Griffenfeld. He recommended to Christian the establishment of the Dannebrog Order . However, since he warned against the war against Sweden in 1675, he fell out of favor. Immediately after taking office, he replaced Christoffer von Gabel, who was influential under his father, with Friedrich von Ahlefeldt .

From 1675 to 1679 Christian led an unsuccessful battle against Sweden for the provinces of Skåne , Blekinge and Halland during the Scena War . Immediately after the end of the war, he married his sister Ulrike Eleonore to the Swedish King Karl XI.

With effect from April 15, 1683, Christian V had the previously valid rights in the individual areas of Denmark ( Jutian law , Scena law and Zeeland law ) replaced by the Danish code of law "Danske Lov".

In 1686 he besieged the Free Imperial City of Hamburg with an army of 16,500 men in order to take it ( siege of Hamburg ), but after a settlement had to give up the plans for conquest despite the most violent fighting. Christian also had to give up the occupation of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf and the Duchy of Saxony-Lauenburg after the Altona Treaty (1689) and the Hamburg settlement (1693) .

ancestors

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Frederick II, King of Denmark and Norway (1534–1588)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Christian IV. King of Denmark and Norway (1577–1648)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sophie of Mecklenburg (1557–1631)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Friedrich III. King of Denmark and Norway (1609–1670)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Joachim Friedrich Elector of Brandenburg (1546–1608)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Anna Katharina of Brandenburg (1575-1612)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Catherine of Brandenburg-Küstrin (1549–1602)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Christian V King of Denmark and Norway
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wilhelm the Younger of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , (1535–1592)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Georg von Braunschweig-Calenberg (1582–1641)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dorothea of ​​Denmark (1546-1617)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sophie Amalie of Braunschweig-Calenberg (1628–1685)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ludwig V of Hessen-Darmstadt (1577–1626)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Anna Eleonore of Hessen-Darmstadt (1601–1659)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Magdalena of Brandenburg (1582–1616)
 
 
 
 
 
 

Marriage and offspring

The 21-year-old Crown Prince Christian married Charlotte Amalie (* 1650; † 1714), a daughter of Wilhelm VI , in Nykøbing / Falster on June 25, 1667 . von Hessen-Kassel , with whom he had the following children:

  • Frederick IV (October 21, 1671 - October 12, 1730)
  • Christian (December 1, 1672 - January 25, 1673)
  • Christian (March 26, 1675 - June 27, 1695)
  • Sophie Hedwig (born August 28, 1677; † March 13, 1735)
  • Christiane Charlotte (born January 18, 1679 - † August 24, 1689)
  • Carl (born October 26, 1680 - † July 8, 1729)
  • Wilhelm (February 21, 1687 - November 28, 1705)
Sophie Amalie Moth, Countess of Samsø, ancestor of the Counts of Danneskiold-Samsøe

With his mistress Sophie Amalie Moth (* 1654; † 1719), whom he had already noticed at the age of 22, Christian V had five children out of wedlock, whose paternity he publicly recognized:

  • Christiane (7 July 1672 - 12 September 1689)
  • Christian (February 28, 1674 - July 16, 1703)
  • Sophie Christiane (* 1675; † August 18, 1684)
  • Anna Christiane (* 1676; † August 11, 1689)
  • Ulrich Christian (born June 14, 1678; † December 8, 1719)

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Christian V. (Denmark and Norway)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Legal text (Danish) retsinformation.dk, accessed July 22, 2012
predecessor Office successor
Friedrich III. King of Denmark
King of Norway
1670–1699 		Friedrich IV.
personal data
SURNAME Christian V.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Denmark and Norway
DATE OF BIRTH April 15, 1646
PLACE OF BIRTH Flensburg
DATE OF DEATH August 25, 1699
Place of death Copenhagen