Copiapoa
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| Britton & Rose |
Copiapoa is a genus of plants from the cactus family(Cactaceae). The botanical name of the genus is derived from theChilean city of Copiapó , located in the Atacama Desert .
description
The genus Copiapoa is known for its dense cushions of hundreds of large individual plants. In addition, there are also species that only develop isolated plants. The shoots are spherical or elongated-cylindrical. The species are usually densely hairy on the vertex. The ribs are clearly developed. Most of the thorns that are present are shaped variably.
The yellow flowers appear in the apex. They are bell-shaped to funnel-shaped and open during the day. The short, top-shaped pericarpel is bald. The flower tube is short and wide.
The small, smooth fruits contain large, shiny black seeds with a large hilum .
Systematics and distribution
The genus Copiapoa is common in the coastal deserts of northern Chile .
The plants known today as Copiapoa were initially listed under Echinocactus . Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose used the name Copiapoa for the first time in the third volume of their overview work The Cactaceae, published in 1922 . They distinguished six Copiapoa species. Many new species were first described later by Friedrich Ritter . The genus Pilocopiapoa F.Ritter , established in 1961, was made a synonym for Copiapoa in 1990 .
The type species of the genus is Echinocactus marginatus . According to Edward F. Anderson , the following species belong to the genus Copiapoa :
- Copiapoa ahremephiana N.P. Taylor & GJCharles
- Copiapoa atacamensis Middled.
- Copiapoa bridgesii (Pfeiff.) Backeb.
- Copiapoa calderana F. Knight
- Copiapoa cinerascens (Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose
- Copiapoa cinerea (Phil.) Britton & Rose
- Copiapoa conglomerata (Phil.) Lembcke
- Copiapoa coquimbana (Karw. Ex Rümpler) Britton & Rose
- Copiapoa dealbata F. Knight
- Copiapoa decorticans N.P. Taylor & GJCharles
- Copiapoa echinoides (Lem. Ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose
- Copiapoa esmeraldana F. Knight
- Copiapoa fiedleriana (K.Schum.) Backeb.
- Copiapoa gigantea Backeb.
- Copiapoa grandiflora F. Knight
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Copiapoa humilis Hutchison
- Copiapoa humilis subsp. humilis
- Copiapoa humilis subsp. australis Hoxey
- Copiapoa humilis subsp. longispina (F.Ritter) Doweld
- Copiapoa humilis subsp. tenuissima (F.Ritter ex DRHunt) DRHunt
- Copiapoa humilis subsp. tocopillana (F.Ritter) DRHunt
- Copiapoa humilis subsp. varispinata (F.Ritter) DRHunt
- Copiapoa hypogaea F. Knight
- Copiapoa krainziana F.Ritter
- Copiapoa laui Diers
- Copiapoa longistaminea F. Knight
- Copiapoa marginata (Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose
- Copiapoa megarhiza Britton & Rose
- Copiapoa mollicula F. Knight
- Copiapoa montana F. Knight
- Copiapoa rupestris F. Knight
- Copiapoa serpentisulcata F. Knight
- Copiapoa solaris (F.Ritter) F.Ritter
proof
literature
- Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 135 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Birkhäuser 2004, ISBN 3-540-00489-0 , p. 53.
- ^ NL Britton , JN Rose : The Cactaceae . Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family . tape III . The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1922, p. 85 ( online ).
- ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 134-144 .
further reading
- Graham Charles: Copiapoa . Cactus File Handbook 4, Cirio Publishing Services, Holbury 1998
- Massimo Meregalli, Carlo Doni: Il Genere Copiapoa . In: Piante Grasse . Volume 11, No. 4, 1992
- AE Hoffmann: Cactáceas en la flora silvestre de Chile . Ediciones Fundación Claudio Gay, Santiago 1989
- Rudolf Schulz, Attila Kapitany: Copiapoa in their Environment . 1996, ISBN 0-646-28702-8
- NP Taylor: A commentary on Copiapoa . In: The Cactus and Succulent Journal of Great Britain Volume 43, No. 2/3, pp. 49-60, 1981
