Salzwedel District (1810–1813)

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The Salzwedel district in the Elbe department in 1812

The Salzwedel district was an administrative unit in the Lower Elbe department of the Kingdom of Westphalia . A first district of Salzwedel was formed in the department of the Elbe in 1807 and dissolved again in 1810. After the annexation of the Electorate of Hanover , another district of Salzwedel was founded in 1810 in a different area, this time in the department of the Lower Elbe. But as early as March 1811 the department of the Nieder-Elbe (and the department of the Elbe and Weser estuaries ) was dissolved again. Most of the areas of the dissolved departments had to be ceded to the First French Empire ( Hanseatic departments ). The eastern district of the disbanded department of the Nieder-Elbe and the only remaining part of the Kingdom of Westphalia, the district of Salzwedel has now been reconnected to the department of the Elbe. The district capital of the two districts of Salzwedel was the city of Salzwedel in the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel (Saxony-Anhalt).

history

With the Peace of Tilsit of 1807 the Kingdom of Prussia a . a. also cede the Altmark and the Duchy of Magdeburg to the Kingdom of Westphalia. These areas as well as smaller areas ceded by the Kingdom of Saxony ( Grafschaft Barby and Amt Gommern ) were combined to form the department of the Elbe and divided into four districts: Magdeburg , Neuhaldensleben , Salzwedel and Stendal .

The district of Salzwedel was formed from areas that had previously belonged to the Salzwedelische Kreis , the Tangermündeschen Kreis , the Arendseeische Kreis and the Seehausenschen Kreis of the Mark Brandenburg . This old district of Salzwedel was divided into 14 cantons ( canton Mieste , city ​​canton Gardelegen , rural canton Gardelegen , canton Zichtau , canton Brome ( canton Brohme , also called canton Nettgau, later united with canton Klötze to canton Jübar ), canton Klötze ( canton Clötze , also called canton Ristedt), canton Kalbe ( canton Calbe ), canton Groß Apenburg (or Großapenburg), canton Beetzendorf ( canton Betzendorf ), canton Diesdorf ( canton Disdorf ), city ​​canton Salzwedel , canton Salzwedel , canton Arendsee , canton Bretsch ( canton Bretsche ) and Canton of Pollitz ).

With the annexation of the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg by the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1810, three new departments were founded on September 1, 1810 from the new areas and parts of the areas that were already part of the Kingdom of Westphalia, the North Department , the Department of the Nieder-Elbe and the Department of the Aller . This first district of Salzwedel in the department of the Elbe was dissolved in 1810. In the north, the cantons of Bretsche and Pollitz were given to the district of Stendal. In the south, the cantons of Mieste, Gardelegen (city), Gardelegen (country) and Zichtau were incorporated into the Neuhaldensleben district.

A new district of Salzwedel was created in the department of the Nieder-Elbe, to which eight cantons from the former district of Salzwedel were assigned (Canton Jübar, Canton Calbe, Canton Groß Apenburg, Canton Betzendorf, Canton Disdorf, City Canton Salzwedel, Landkanton Salzwedel and Canton Arendsee). In addition, the new Salzwedel district received five cantons in the west, which were newly formed from the areas of the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. The new Salzwedel district in the Nieder-Elbe department thus consisted of:

Canton (main town) Kantonmaire population Area
in mi²
Quickborn Mr. Ludwig von Ramdohr 4,473 3.04
Lüchow Mr. Bodo from Plato 5,159 3.55
Gartow Mr. Ludwig von Ramdohr 5,967 3.79
Wustrow Mr. Bodo from Plato 4,489 5.98
Wittingen Mr. Kotzebue 6,833 7.35
Jübar Mr. Lodemann 6,349 7.16
Calf Mr. von Voss 3,738 3.25
Great Apenburg Johann Jakob August Sulfrian 2,459 3.41
Beetzendorf Johann Jakob August Sulfrian 3,317 2.97
Diesdorf Mr. von Zenge 4,469 4.28
City canton of Salzwedel Georg Heinrich Gerlach 7,634 2.50
Land canton of Salzwedel Mister Schulz 2,477 2.10
Arendsee Mr. Beust 4,643 3.66

In the district of Salzwedel with its capital Salzwedel lived 1811 62.647 people on 53.04 mi² . It comprised 4 cities , 8 market towns , 4 suburbs, 527 villages , 60 hamlets and 56 scattered apartments with 9,465 households. According to the creed, 45 people were Catholic, 23 Reformed and 212 Jewish. The rest of the population had an evangelical creed.

In March 1811, the Nieder-Elbe department was dissolved. Most of the areas came to the Hanseatic departments of the First French Empire. The easternmost and only remaining district, the Salzwedel district, was attached to the Elbe department.

organization

Johann Ludwig von Westphalen presided over the district as sub-prefect . Members of the district council in 1810 were:

In 1811/12, the cantons of Quickborn and Gartow, Betzendorf and Apenburg as well as Lüchow and Wustrow were each administered two cantons together by a canton maire.

With the dissolution of the Kingdom of Westphalia in October 1813, the previous administrative structures were restored. The areas of the cantons Quickborn, Lüchow, Wustrow and Wittingen fell back to the successor state of the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, the Kingdom of Hanover , while the remaining cantons of the Salzwedel district came back to Prussia.

literature

  • Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 1 (pp. 1-1300), Volume 2 (pp. 1301-2954). BWV Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin, 2018 (Publications of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv, Vol. 68) ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 Preview in Google Books

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Karl Ferdinand Weiland: General-Charte of the Kingdom of Westphalia: at the same time as Tableau d'Assamblage for the royal. Command published Department Atlas, and to be used as a complete post-chart of the kingdom. Weimar, Geographical Institute, 1812. ULB Münster
  2. ↑ Anonymus: History of legislation and court constitution in the judicial district of the Higher Regional Court of Magdeburg from the Peace of Tilsit to January 1st. 1815. Yearbooks for Prussian Legislation, Jurisprudence and Legal Administration, Volume 22, pp. 50–66, Berlin 1823 Online at Google Books (p. 63)
  3. ↑ Handbook on the Kingdom of Westphalia. For instruction about the country and its inhabitants, the constitution, administration and external conditions of the state in general and its individual parts in particular, together with a list of the most distinguished court and state officials. 348 pp., Hemmerde and Schwedtschke, Halle, 1808 Online at Google Books , p. 181.
  4. ↑ a b The Kingdom of Westphalia. I: The latest country and ethnology: A geographical reader for all classes. Sixth volume, Holland and Westphalia. 377 p. (Holland and Westphalen have separate page numbers), Verlag des geographischen Institut, Weimar, 1808 Online at Google Books , p. 338.
  5. ^ Division of territorial relative aux trois départements formés des anciennes provinces hanovriennes, et a la réunion de quelques autres parties. Tableau géneral à annexer au décret royal du 15 juillet 1810, inséré au Bulletin No. 26 de ladite année. 88 p. (Separate count) In: Bulletin des lois du Royaume de Westphalie, Volume 6, Cassel / Kassel, 1810 Online at Google Books (pp. 46–49)
  6. ↑ Court and State Handbook of the Kingdom of Westphalia. Hahn Brothers, Hanover, 1811 Online at Google Books , p. 157.
  7. ^ A b c Friedrich Justin Bertuch: General geographical ephemeris . With charts and copper. Volume six and thirtieth. Publishers of the Landes-Industrie-Comtoir, Weimar 1811, p. 24 f . ( Full text in Google Book Search [accessed January 2, 2017]).
  8. ↑ a b c Stephan Freiherr von Welck: Franzosenzeit im Hannoversche Wendland (1803-1813): a micro-historical study of everyday life in the countryside between occupation burdens and social reforms. 333 p., Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hanover, 2008
  9. ↑ Karlheinz Gerlach: The Freemasons in Old Prussia 1738–1806: the lodges between the middle Oder and Lower Rhine, Volume 1. 1014 S., StudienVerlag, 2007 online at Google Books
  10. ^ New Nekrolog der Deutschen, Volume 25 (for 1847), First Part, pp. 405–407, printed and published by Bernhard Friedrich Voigt, Weimar 1849 Online at Google Books
  11. ^ Johann Georg Heinrich Hassel: Statistical Repertory on the Kingdom of Westphalia. List of all pastoral churches and parishes of the Kingdom of Westphalia according to their hierarchical division, with their patrons and the income of the clergy appointed. 124 S., Braunschweig, Vieweg, 1813 Online at Technische Universität Braunschweig
  12. ^ Der Deutsche Herold: Zeitschrift für Wappen-, Siegel- und Familienkunde, 1875, p. 133. Online at Google Books
  13. ↑ a b Royal Westphalian Court and State Calendar: to the year 1812. Königliche Buchdruckerei, Kassel 1812 Online at Google Books , p. 216/17.

Coordinates: 52 ° 51 '  N , 11 ° 9'  E

annotation

  1. ↑ The text of the law expressly states ... dissolved .