Tangermünde circle

The Tangermündesche Kreis was a Kurmärkischer district in what was then the Altmark of the Mark Brandenburg . It comprised areas that are today in the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel , in the district of Stendal and to a small extent in the district of Börde in Saxony-Anhalt . From 1806 to 1813 the area belonged to the department of the Elbe of the Kingdom of Westphalia . The Tangermündesche Kreis was dissolved in the district and provincial reform in the Kingdom of Prussia in 1816 and became part of the Stendal district .

geography

The Tangermündesche Kreis was in the southeastern part of the Altmark. It bordered in the north for the most part on the Stendalische Kreis and for a short stretch also on the Arneburgische Kreis , in the east and south on the Duchy of Magdeburg and in the west on the Salzwedelische Kreis . In the southern part of the district, the Elbe formed the eastern border; in the north, the district with the villages of Fischbek and Schönhausen also encompassed areas east of the Elbe.

history

In the course of the 16th century, districts organized in the Margraviate of Brandenburg essentially emerged according to the landscapes or the so-called soft formations of the larger cities, in the 17th century also called mounts or land riders, which were headed by a district and war commissioner. The executive officer was the land rider . In the course of time , at least in the Mittelmark , the districts developed their own administrative bodies and their own estates (corpus, pl. Corpora), and also had their own finances or district treasuries. From around the 18th century the office of district administrator emerged from the post of district and war commissioner. From this time on, the district administrator combined the self-government with the state administration.

Six circles had formed in the Altmark. But they did, at least in the 17th and 18th centuries. Century, in fiscal and rural terms only a circle, which only had a district directorate, a knightly corpus and a district treasury. The stands met at district meetings. In the districts, district administrators were appointed for the respective districts. As a rule, the district estates had the right to propose, the candidate had to be confirmed by the king. In the Altmark around 1800, only the Stendal and Salzwedel districts had their own district administrators; only one district administrator was appointed for the Tangermündeschen and Arneburg districts and for the Arendsee and Seehausen districts. The latter two circles were only merged in 1735 (according to Heinrich, Historischer Atlas).

In the Altmark, the regional directorate essentially performed the tasks of the districts. The provincial directorate of the Altmark had a provincial director (rarely two provincial directors), and sent a deputy from among their ranks to represent the Altmark knighthood to the provincial parliaments of the Kurmark landscape. In addition, there was a dike captain, a war commissioner and Oberlandeinnehmer as well as land takers for the districts, with one land taker each responsible for the Tangermündesche and the Arneburg district and a land taker for the Arendsee and Seehausen district. Each district had a horseman.

From around 1775 the supervision of the dikes was transferred to the Elbdeichdirektorium of the Altmark, which was subordinate to the Royal Kurmärkischen War and Domain Chamber Deputation in Stendal. In addition, a first and a second dike captain have now been appointed.

The notation Tangermündescher Kreis follows the work of Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring from 1804. In the older work of Büsching (1775) the circle Tangermündscher Kreis is called.

As a result of the Peace of Tilsit , Prussia had to cede the Altmark and thus also the Tangermündeschen Kreis to the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1806. The Tangermündesche Kreis was completely in the District of Stendal of the department of the Elbe . In 1811, Graf von der Schulenburg-Bodendorf was sub-prefect of the Stendal district. Tangermünde became the seat of the canton Tangermünde . After the dissolution of the Kingdom of Westphalia at the end of 1813, the old district division was restored until 1816. In the large district and provincial reform in Prussia in 1816 the Tangermündesche district was dissolved and the Stendalischen circle to the new district Stendal combined.

Associated places

The following list of places belonging to the district follows Bratring (1804). Tangermünde was the only city in the circle. The spellings have been brought to today's spelling. The status of the places and to whom the village belonged is noted in brackets.

• Algenstedt ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Behrenfeld, Vorwerk (near Schönhausen on the east side of the Elbe)
• Bellingen ( village ). Noble estate, imperial count von der Schulenburg zu Wolfsburg, part of the bailiwick of Metzdorf
• Birkholz ( colony and Vorwerk ). Aristocratic property
• Bittkau ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Blätz ( village, former Vorwerk and watermill ) (Bratring: Pleetz / Plötz!). The Vorwerk was dissolved in 1748 and occupied by 16 colonists. Domain office Burgstall
• Bölsdorf ( village ). Domain office Tangermünde
• Börgitz ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Born ( Vorwerk, Krug and Unterförsterei ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Bornstedtlust, Krug, former hunting lodge of Prince Leopold von Dessau not far from Selchau. (does not exist any longer) Neuendorf domain office
• Briest ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Brunkau ( two farms, sheep farm, watermill and forester's house ). Aristocratic property
• Book ( village ). Domain office Tangermünde
• Buchsche cowsheds on the east side of the Elbe, belonging to Buch
• Buchholz ( village ). University of Frankfurt / Oder
• Bindfelde ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Burgstall ( village, domain office, Vorwerk and forester's house ). Domain office Burgstall
• Charlottenhof ( Vorwerk ). Aristocratic property
• Dahlen ( village ). Aristocratic property
• Dahrenstedt ( village ). Aristocratic property
• Demker ( village and three estates ). Aristocratic property
• Döbbelin ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Dolle ( Koloniedorf and Vorwerk ). Domain office Burgstall
• Elversdorf ( village ). Domain office Tangermünde
• Engelsforth, forester's house . Domain office Burgstall
• Fährhaus, house between Buch and Jerichow, on the west side of the Elbe
• Fährkrug, Krug on the east side of the Elbe, opposite the city of Tangermünde
• Fischbeck ( village ). Aristocratic property
• Gohre ( village and two estates ). Bourgeois property
• Greaves ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Grobleben ( village ). Domain office Tangermünde
• Hämerten ( village and three estates ). Combing in Stendal (given in long lease)
• Hemstedt ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Hottendorf ( colony village ). Built in 1756. Domain office Neuendorf
• Hünerdorf, suburb of Tangermünde, in which the administrative suburb is located
• Hüselitz ( village ). Share of domain office Neuendorf, share of aristocratic ownership
• Jerchel ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Jävenitz ( village and forester's house ). Domain office Neuendorf
• East island, village (now the island ). Aristocratic property
• West island, village and estate (today island, district of the city of Stendal). Aristocratic property
• Käthen ( village and two estates ). Aristocratic property
• Karlbau ( village ) (up in Tangermünde). Domain office Tangermünde
• Kassiek ( village ) (Bratring: Cassiek). Domain office Neuendorf
• Kenzendorfer watermill, not far from Polvitz an der Milde, along with a few residents. Domain office Neuendorf
• Neuendorf Monastery ( domain office and Vorwerk, Lutheran monastery with a dominatrix and six conventuals ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Klüden ( village ) (Bratring: Clüden). Domain office Neuendorf (half of the Altmark, half of the Duchy of Magdeburg)
• Köckte ( good, between the Elbe and Tangier ). Aristocratic property
• Krüppelwarte, Krug, not far from Staats, belonging to Kathen. Aristocratic property
• Landsberg, Vorwerk on the summit of the Kesselberge, zu Lüderitz. (no longer exists) aristocratic property
• Langensalzwedel ( village, estate and Freihof ). Noble and bourgeois property
• Letzlingen ( village and hunting lodge ). The village and hunting lodge were laid out in 1555 by the then Brandenburg Prince Elector Johann George . Domain office Neuendorf
• Lotsche ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Lüderitz ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Lüffingen ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Mahlpfuhl ( village and forester's house ). Domain office Burgstall
• Mahlwinkel ( village ). Aristocratic property
• Miltern ( village ). Domain office Tangermünde
• Modderkuhl ( grinding and fulling mill, with lands, not far from Staats an der Ucht , today Uchtspringe ). Domain office Neuendorf
• New mill, watermill, with lands on the Milde, not far from Kenzendorf, (?) Neuendorf domain office
• Nahrstedt ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Neuhaus Seppin, Unterförsterei, on the deserted village of Seppin, built in 1792. (?) Domain office Burgstall
• Eastern armies , village and estate (today armies ). Share of the Tangermünde domain office, share of aristocratic property
• Ottersburg ( Amtsvorwerk and sheep farm ). Domain Office Neuendorf (since 1718)
• Polvitz ( forestry and Vorwerk, not far from Kenzendorf ). Aristocratic property
• Polte, Etablissement and Vorwerk, on a desolate village location, belong to Bittkau, a sheep farm, a brickworks, and a tar stove. Aristocratic property
• Röxe ( village ). University of Frankfurt / Oder
• Roxförde ( village ). Neuendorf domain office
• Salchau ( Vorwerk and Unterförsterei ) (modern desolation through military training area). Domain office Neuendorf
• Sandbeiendorf ( village ). Domain office Burgstall
• Scheeren ( Vorwerk ). Aristocratic property.
• Schelldorf ( village ). Domain office Tangermünde
• Schernebeck ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Schleuß ( village ). University of Frankfurt / Oder
• Schnöggersberg ( forester's house and sheep farm ) Neuendorf domain office
• Schönhausen ( village ). Aristocratic property
• Schönhausen in front of the dam, two outworks, tar stove . Aristocratic property
• Schönwalde ( village ), Neuendorf domain office
• Groß Schwarzlosen ( village and two estates ). Aristocratic property
• Klein Schwarzlosen ( village ). Aristocratic property
• Seethen ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Sophienhof ( Vorwerk ). Created in 1777 with six colonists. Aristocratic property.
• Care or care, forestry, not far from Polvitz (?)
• State ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• the stacking jug, not far from Dolle, in the Burgstall forest area. (today in Dolle) Domain office Burgstall
• Stegelitz ( village ). Share of domain office Neuendorf, share of nobility
• Tangermünde ferry. Combing in Tangermünde
• Theerhütte ( Letzlingischer Theerofen ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Trüstedt ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Uchtdorf ( village ). Domain office Burgstall
• Unterforsterei, Königl. Forest house in the Neuendorfer forest area, on the way from Gardelegen to Stendal, laid out in 1803. Domain office Neuendorf
• Väthen ( village ). Aristocratic property
• Vinzelberg ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Volgfelde ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Vollenschier ( farm and sheep farm ). Aristocratic property
• Wannefeld ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf
• Wave ( village and two goods ). Aristocratic property
• Weißewarthe ( colony, administrative office and forestry ). Domain office Tangermünde
• Western armies , village (today armies ). Domain office Tangermünde
• Wind mountains ( village and estate ). Aristocratic property
• Wittenmoor ( village and estate ). Bourgeois property
• Wünschburg, Unterförsterei, Domainamt Burgstall
• Zienau ( village ). Domain office Neuendorf

The offices of the Burgstall , Neuendorf and Tangermünde offices were located in the circle . However, the greater part of the administrative area of ​​the Tangermünde Office was in the Arneburg district, while smaller parts were also in the Seehausen district. In the district and provincial reform of 1816, the Tangermündesche Kreis was combined with the Stendalische Kreis to form the new Stendal district. The Altmark did not come to the new province of Brandenburg, but to the province of Saxony.

District administrators and land riders

• 1608 Hans Nolden, horseman
• 1735 Hans Wilhelm Friedrich von Lattorf, appointed district administrator of the Tangermündeschen and Arneburg district, was previously district administrator of the Arendsee district
• 1752 Hans Wilhelm Friedrich von Lattorf, district administrator of the Tangermündeschen and Arneburg district, Joachim Jänicke, Landreiter
• 1756 Hans Wilhelm Friedrich von Lattorf, district administrator of the Tangermündeschen and Arneburg district, Joachim Jänicke, Landreiter
• 1767 Hans Wilhelm Friedrich von Lattorf, country director, district administrator of the Tangermündeschen and Arneburg district, Joachim Jänicke
• 1770 Carl Ludolph von Börstel, District Administrator of the Tangermündeschen and Arneburg district, Joachim Jänicke, Landreiter
• 1775 to 1782 (†) Carl Ludolph von Börstel, District Administrator of the Tangermündeschen and Arneburgische Kreis, NN Eckard, Landreiter
• Beginning of 1782 to 1784 CW von Gayl, District Administrator, October 29, 1782 formal appointment, (became chamber director in 1784)
• Early 1784–87 Achaz Christoph von Bismarck, District Administrator
• October 30, 1787 to 1795 Karl von Ingersleben (1753–1831), district administrator
• October 1795 to 1804 Heinrich Ludwig Christian von Bornstedt auf Vollenschier, district administrator of the Tangermündeschen and Arneburgischen districts

literature

• Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. First volume: The general introduction to the Kurmark, containing the Altmark and Prignitz. XVIII, 494 S., Berlin, Maurer, 1804 Online at Google Books .
• Anton Friedrich Büsching: Complete topography of the Mark Brandenburg. 348 S., Verlag der Buchh. of the Realschule, Berlin 1775 (in the following abbreviated Büsching, topography Mark Brandenburg with corresponding page number)
• Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. 590 p., Creutz, Magdeburg 1840 (hereinafter abbreviated to Eickstedt, Landbuch with corresponding page number)
• Gerd Heinrich: Administrative structure 1608–1806. Mounted and circles of the Altmark, Kurmark and Neumark. Historical Atlas of Brandenburg. Publications of the Berlin Historical Commission at the Friedrich Meinecke Institute of the Free University of Berlin in 1967.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} address calendar, the all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces, except for the residences of Berlin, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Sovereign Duchy of Silesia; of the high and low colleges, instances and expeditions located therein, the same of the royal. Servants, magistrates, universities, preachers etc. on the year MDCCLXXV (1775). 582 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1775. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (p. 65)
2. ^ Büsching, Topographie Mark Brandenburg, p. 17. Online at Google Books
3. ^ Johann Samuel Publication: Handbook over the Kingdom of Westphalia. Volume 1, 348 pp., Hemmerde and Schwetschke, Halle, 1808 Online at Google Books (p. 178).
4. ↑ Court and State Handbook of the Kingdom of Westphalia. 352 pp., Hahn brothers, Hanover, 1811 Online at Google Books (p. 154)
5. ↑ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 202 Online at Google Books
6. ↑ Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, Vol. 1, p. 555
7. ↑ Address calendar, the all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces: except for the residences of Berlin, the Kingdom of Prussia and the sovereign Duchy of Silesia; of the high and low colleges, instances and expeditions located therein, the same as the royal ones. Servants, magistrates, universities, preachers ... on the leap year MDCCLII (1752). 226 p., + Two unpaged registers, Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, 1752. Online at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg University and State Library (p. 99)
8. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Preussis. Countries and provinces (apart from the Berlin residences) and the high and low colleges, institu- tions and expeditions located therein, also have servants who are employed, the same as the magistrates, preachers, universities, etc. Also the place and time of their meeting, along with one double register, both of the colleges and of the servants located therein. To the leap year MDCCLVI (1756). 303 p., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1756 (p. 106).
9. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Prussia. Lands and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin and the Kingdom of Prussia, of the high and low colleges, institu- tions and expeditions located therein, the same of magistrates, preachers, universities etc. to the year MDCCLXVII (1767). 414 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin, 1767. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (p. 44)
10. ↑ Address calendar of all royal. Prussia. Land and provinces, apart from the residences of Berlin and the Kingdom of Prussia, the high and low colleges, instantzien and expeditions located therein, the same royal. Servants, magistrates, preachers, universities etc. on the year MDCCLXX (1770). 523 pp., Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin. Online at Sächsische Landesbibliothek State and University Library Dresden (p. 67)
11. ↑ Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, Vol. 1, pp. 296/97.
12. ↑ Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, Vol. 1, p. 86.
13. ^ Ernst Klein: From Reform to Restoration: Financial Policy and Reform Legislation of the Prussian State Chancellor Karl August von Hardenberg. VIII, 352 pp., De Gruyter. Berlin 1965 Online at Google Books (p. 322)
14. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1799. 454 p., Berlin, George Decker, 1799 Online at Google Books (p. 63)
15. ↑ Handbook on the royal Prussian court and state for the year 1808. 528 p., With an appendix of 125 p., Berlin, Georg Decker, 1804 Online at Google Books (p. 63)
16. ↑ Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch, Vol. 1, p. 11.

Coordinates: 52 ° 32 '  N , 11 ° 58'  E