Ruppin district

Seal mark of the Ruppin district, around 1850/1923

The district of Ruppin (also Land Ruppin , Ruppinscher Kreis , Grafschaft Ruppin , from 1939 Landkreis Ruppin ) was an administrative unit of the Mark Brandenburg (1524–1815), the Province of Brandenburg (1815–1947) in Prussia and the State of Brandenburg (1947–1952) in the Soviet Zone and GDR . It emerged from the medieval rule of Ruppin . Its political center was initially Ruppin Castle and later the city of Neuruppin . As Ruppiner Land, the former district area forms a historical landscape in Brandenburg . Since 1993 it has belonged to the districts of Ostprignitz-Ruppin and Oberhavel .

history

District of the Mark Brandenburg

Map of the Ruppin District ("Land Ruppin") of the Mark Brandenburg 1724

The noble Counts of Lindow-Ruppin had been in the possession of the Ruppin rule since around 1214 , which was probably initially imperial and later came under the suzerainty of the Margraves of Brandenburg . In 1524, the noble Lindow-Ruppin family died out with the death of Count Wichmann. Elector Joachim I of Brandenburg then withdrew the rule of Ruppin and united it with the Mark Brandenburg. Elector Joachim II was sent by him to receive the homage of the estates of the Ruppin rule. Relatives of the deceased Count Wichmann sued the Reich Chamber of Commerce in 1541 against the elector's confiscation of rule. However, the lawsuit was dismissed in 1562.

The former rule was retained as a corporate and tax unit and from then on formed the Ruppin District of the Mittelmark . It was subordinated to a governor based in Ruppin Castle . In 1524, Prince Elector Joachim II appointed Matthias von Oppen as the first governor . Adam Christoph von Flanß probably served as the last governor around 1723. After that, the office was no longer used. Around 1711 Otto Albrecht von Rohr was the first district administrator in the Ruppin district. However, this office already existed under the name of district commissioner.

The extent of the Ruppin circle has hardly changed since it was united with the Mark Brandenburg. The Goldbeck office came to Prignitz. The villages of Bagwitz , Kleinzerlang (to the Prignitz) and Schwarz (to Mecklenburg) were also given up. In the 18th century, the Ruppin circle had an area of ​​32.75  square miles (about 1842 km²). The largest east-west extension was 8.5 miles (about 64 km), the largest north-south extension 5.25 miles (about 39 km). In 1800 the Ruppinsche Kreis had a population of 46,808 people.

The Prussian kings led from 1704 to 1873 as part of their title as the title of Count of Ruppin . The kings Friedrich the Great and Friedrich Wilhelm III. Occasionally traveled abroad incognito as Count von Ruppin .

District of the Province of Brandenburg

Map of the district of Ruppin in the province of Brandenburg, 1905

Virchowstraße 14/15 in Neuruppin : 1895–1945 District Office of Ruppin

In the course of the Prussian reforms , the Ruppin District was assigned to the administrative district of Potsdam of the new province of Brandenburg and its demarcation changed slightly on April 1, 1817. The localities Friedrichsgüte , Gadow , Neuendorf , Quäste , Zernitz and Zootzen were given to the new Ostprignitz district , the localities Marienthal and Ribbeck to the new Templin district . The villages of Grüneberg , Hoppenrade , Löwenberg , Moncaprice , Neuendorf , Neuhof , Neukammer , Schleuen , Teschendorf and Zollhaus came to the district from the dissolved Glien-Löwenberg district. The district office remained in the city of Neuruppin .

At the beginning of the 20th century, the wife and children of Oskar Prince of Prussia temporarily held the title Countess and Count von Ruppin .

On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Ruppin district in line with developments in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which almost all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. In the 1930s, the spelling of several places was changed:

• Alt Lüdersdorf → Altlüdersdorf
• Lindow → Lindow (Mark)
• New Ruppin → Neuruppin
• Rheinsberg → Rheinsberg (Mark)
• Wusterhausen a./Dosse → Wusterhausen (Dosse)

With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

On April 1, 1937, the Großmenow manor district was reclassified from the Ruppin district to the Stargard district in Mecklenburg . On January 1, 1939, the district of Ruppin was given the designation Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation . The municipality of Netzeband was reclassified from the Ostprignitz district to the Ruppin district in 1939.

Before 1945 the following communities were dissolved:

• Brenkenhof , Großderschau and Kleinderschau , merged to Friedrichsdorf on April 1, 1938
• Darritz and Wahlendorf , merged on April 1, 1939 to form the municipality of Darritz-Wahlendorf
• Jülitz , on October 1, 1937 in Friedrichsbruch
• Klevesche houses , in Häsen on April 1, 1938
• Old Koppenbrück and New Koppenbrück , merged on April 1, 1938 to form the Koppenbrück municipality
• Neulüdersdorf , on April 1, 1938 in Alt-Lüdersdorf
• Neugarz , on April 1, 1936 in Altgarz
• Schönfeld , on April 1, 1938 at Friedrichsbruch
• Zermützel , 1926 to Krangen
• Zietensaue , on April 1, 1938 in Bartschendorf

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . After the Second World War, Gühlen-Glienicke was raised to an independent community. The eastern tip of the Ostprignitz district with the communities of Kleinzerlang , Luhme , Repente , Dorf Zechlin , Flecken Zechlin , Zechlinerhütte and Zempow fell to the Ruppin district by resolution of the Presidium of the Mark Brandenburg provincial administration on September 7, 1946.

District of the state of Brandenburg

Since the dissolution of the Free State of Prussia in 1947, the Ruppin district has belonged to the newly established state of Brandenburg . On June 1, 1951, Friedrichsdorf was renamed Großderschau . In the course of the administrative reform of 1952 , the Ruppin district was dissolved and divided into the new Gransee , Kyritz , Neuruppin and Oranienburg districts.

Population development

year	Residents	source
1750	30,807
1800	46,808
1816	48.123
1846	68,326
1871	74,496
1890	76.215
1900	77,758
1910	77,797
1925	79,536
1933	82,363
1939	88,219
1946	124,836

District administrators

District Administrator Dr. Alexander of Bernus

• 1700–1736 Otto Albrecht von Rohr
• 1736–1762 Caspar Otto Christoph von Rohr
• 1762–1771 Georg Christoph von Wahlen-Jürgass
• 1771–1800 Leopold Heinrich von Quast (1742–1800)
• 1800–1842 Friedrich von Zieten, son of General Hans Joachim von Zieten
• 1842–1860 Friedrich Wilhelm von Schenckendorff
• 1860–1868 Adolf Woldemar von Bülow (1830–1869)
• 1868–1870 Karl Friedrich Gustav von Wulffen († 1869)
• 1870–1874 Alfred von Saldern (1829–1904)
• 1874–1876 (administrator) Siegfried von Quast-Radensleben (1842–1887)
• 1876–1887 Siegfried von Quast-Radensleben
• 1887–1907 Erich von dem Knesebeck-Milendonck († 1907)
• 1907–1914 Moritz Andreas Alexander Bernus
• 1914–1921 Levin Erich von dem Knesebeck-Milendonck (1870–1953)
• 1921–1933 Ernst Kaempfe
• 1933–1945 Friedrich von Uslar-Gleichen (1882–1945)

Cities, municipalities and manor districts

On January 1, 1945, the Ruppin district consisted of the seven towns of Alt Ruppin , Gransee , Lindow (Mark) , Neuruppin , Neustadt (Dosse) , Rheinsberg and Wusterhausen (Dosse) , 128 other municipalities and the two estate districts of Forst Neu Roofen and Forst Ruppiner Pagan.

The 128 other parishes were:

Old fries sack Altgarz Altglobsow Altlüdersdorf Banzendorf Barsikov Bartschendorf Basdorf Baumgarten Bechlin Binenwalde Blankenberg Braunsberg Well Buberow Buckwitz Burow Buskow Dabergotz Darritz-Wahlendorf Dessow Dierberg Dollgow Dreetz Frankendorf Friedrichsbruch

Friedrichsdorf Whole Gartow Garz Giesenhorst Glambeck Gnewikow Goldbeck Gottberg Greaves Grossmutz Großwoltersdorf Großzerlang Grueneberg Gutengermendorf Rabbits Heinrichsdorf Herzberg i./Mark Hindenberg Hohenofen Hoppenrade Kagar Kampehl Kantow Karwe Katerbow

basement, cellar Kerzlin Klosterheide Königstädt Koppenbrück Koeritz Kraatz Cranes Kränzlin Küdow Long Lasikov Leddin Lichtenberg Linden tree Linow Lögow Löwenberg i./Mark Lüchfeld Ludwigsaue Lacks Menz Meseberg Butcher Michaelisbruch Molchow

Nackel Mesh tape Neuglobsow Neulögow New Lion Mountain Neuendorf Nietwerder Paalzow Pfalzheim Planitz Splurge Radensleben Rägelin Rheinsberg-Glienicke Pipe paint Rönnebeck Rübehorst Rüthnick Schoenberg (Mark) Schönermark Schulzendorf Schwanow Black water Seebeck

Sail net Seilershof Siegrothsbruch Sieversdorf Sonnenberg Stöffin Storbeck Strubensee Teschendorf Tramnitz Trieplatz Vichel Vielitz Walchow Wall Wallitz Walsleben Werder Wildberg Wulkow Wustrau Wuthenow Wutzetz Zechow Zernikow Cooling

literature

• Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : The county of Ruppin in historical, statistical and geographical terms. A contribution to the customer of the Mark Brandenburg . Berlin 1799 ( books.google.de ).
• Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical = topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. For statisticians, businessmen, especially for camera operators. Second volume. Containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark . Friedrich Maurer, Berlin 1805, chapter The Ruppin Circle , p. 19–64 ( full text in Google Book Search).
• Theodor Fontane : Walks through the Mark Brandenburg . tape 1 : [The County of Ruppin. The Barnim. The Teltow]. Hertz, Berlin 1862 ( digitized version and full text in the German text archive ).
• Geographical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR (Hrsg.): The Rheinsberg-Fürstenberger Seengebiet. Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Zechlin, Rheinsberg, Fürstenberg and Himmelpfort (=  values ​​of our homeland . Volume 25 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1974, DNB  750097159 .
• Institute for Geography and Geoecology of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR (Ed.): Ruppiner Land. Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Zühlen, Dierberg, Neuruppin and Lindow (=  values ​​of our homeland . Volume 37 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1981, DNB  820301612 .
• Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam according to the latest district division from 1817, with a note of the district to which the place previously belonged, the quality, number of people, confession, ecclesiastical circumstances, owner and address together with an alphabetical register . Georg Decker, Berlin ( full text in the Google book search).

Web links

Commons : Kreis Ruppin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about the Ruppin district in the catalog of the German National Library
• Ruppin district . territorial.de

Individual evidence

1. ^ Bratring: County Ruppin. 1799, p. 233 ff.
2. ^ Bratring: County Ruppin. 1799, pp. 256-257.
3. ^ Bratring: County Ruppin. 1799, p. 95 ff.
4. ^ Bratring: County Ruppin. 1799, pp. 3-4.
5. ^ ^{A b c} Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg . tape 2 . Friedrich Maurer, Berlin 1805, chap. District of Ruppin, S. 19th ff . ( Digitized version ).
6. ^ Fontane: Walks through the Mark Brandenburg. Vol. 1. 1862, p. 32.
7. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam . District division of the administrative district of Potsdam. tape 1816 , no. 12 . Potsdam, S. 103 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
8. ^ O. V .: Ortschafts = directory of the government = district of Potsdam. O. J., Introduction, B.8 and VIII.
9. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam . Entry into force of the new district division of the administrative district of Potsdam. tape 1817 , no. 7 . Potsdam, S. 51 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
10. ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district of Potsdam, p. 197 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
11. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. S. 313 ( digitized version ).
12. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Province of Brandenburg and their population in 1871
13. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Ruppin district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
14. ↑ 1946 census
15. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, 11th issue of March 17, 1876, p. 66. Restricted preview in the Google book search
16. ↑ member of the Corps Rhenania Tübingen ; Kösener corps lists 1960, 128 , 433