Wutzetz
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Wutzetz
City of Friesack
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| Height : | 32 m |
| Area : | 11.91 km² |
| Residents : | 162 (Dec 31, 2001) |
| Population density : | 14 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 2002 |
| Postal code : | 14662 |
| Area code : | 033235 |
 Location of Wutzetz in Friesack
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Since December 31, 2002, Wutzetz has been part of the city of Friesack in the Havelland district in Brandenburg , on the northern edge of the Rhinluch .
Place name
The place name Wutzetz probably stands for Wendish rural Rundling settlement .
Neighboring places
- Nackel - part of the municipality of Wusterhausen / Dosse
- Zootzen - district of the city of Friesack
- Friesack , city
- Dreetz
topography
The location is located at the geographical coordinates of 52 ° 48 'N, 12 ° 35' E at an altitude of 32 m above sea level. NHN . It covers an area of 11.91 km² and has 162 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2001) a population density of 13.6 inhabitants / km². The place is away from major roads and a railway line between the federal road 5 to the west and the state road between Friesack and Nackel in the east and can be reached via this state road or an access road from the B5.
Wutzetz is very remote on the edge of the forest and this was the case before. "When French troops moved from Berlin on the old Heerstraße towards Hamburg in 1806/07, they only found the village by chance - barking dogs!"
Communication and infrastructure
Wutzetz is connected to Friesack by the Havelbus line 665 operated by HVG as part of the public transport network. The postal accessibility of the citizens of Wutzetz is ensured by means of the postcode : 14662 and the telephone accessibility by means of the area code: 033235.
history
Bronze age
A large number of finds prove a settlement in the Middle and Younger Stone Age on the northern edge of the Rhinluchs on the higher ground of the Feldmark. Even fireplaces were found, along with finds of tools, weapons and pottery shards. A further settlement of the Wutzetzer Feldmark and the Rhinluch is evidence of Bronze Age finds, such as B. a " bronze village " from around 2000 BC. On the border with Nackel.
"In the Wutzetz district (in the Mark), two very beautiful ornate bronze bracelets from old Germanic times have recently been found."
middle Ages
Around 1490 Wutzetz was part of the Ruppin rule, which was essentially imperial, under the rule of the Counts of Lindow-Ruppin .
15th to 17th centuries
The official founding date of Wutzetz (also mentioned as Wietzeetz and Wuthses) was declared to be 1491, the year it was first mentioned in a document. It was also mentioned in Riedel's Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis from 1847 (Volume 7, page 58 - excerpts from a von Bredow's register of inheritance from 1541) and from 1859 (Volume 17, page 414).
Wutzetz is a typical Wendish rural round village , built on a solid, almost circular bulge on the northern edge of the Rhinluch during the migration of peoples in the 5th century.
The early village is described in the magazine Lieb Heimatland from 1936 as follows: “Wutzetz is a rural settlement from the time of the Wende. The name and the shape of the village indicate this. When the first settlers built their apartments here, they used an almost circular bulge in the solid land that was pushed far into the Ice Age valley - and this is how the round village of Wutzetz came into being. "
The center of the village is formed by the village church built from half-timbered and clay as a simple single-nave hall church without a tower. Today's new church, made of unplastered half-timbering with high rectangular windows and a tower, was built around 1830 and in 1882 the church received a bell.
The village consisted of 19 farmsteads, they form a ring around the round village square in the middle of which there was the church with burial place and the school and so the village still looks unchanged over the centuries. The only access to the village was an approach from the east from the remote country road between Nackel and Friesack. The wedge-shaped extended gardens, surrounded by hedges, were attached to the farmsteads as a natural protective wall. The gardens were then followed by the fields on which a dense population of old oaks, birches and ash trees could be found until the middle of the 19th century.
A Schulzen , 13 Kossätters and a cowherd could be found in Wutzetz in 1540, in 1624 already 19 Kossäts, a shepherd , a shepherd servant and four pairs of householders.
During the Thirty Years War (1618–1648) in 1638, Wutzetz was totally destroyed and its inhabitants were either slain or victims of the plague.
In the newly created list of farms from 1687 there is no name from the time before the Thirty Years War to be found. It can be assumed that the inhabitants of Wutzetz were descendants of the settlers from France, Holland, northwestern Germany, Switzerland and the Palatinate. Finally, the Great Elector Friedrich Wilhelm I (1620–1688) brought about 15,000 Protestants from France - known as Huguenots - through the Edict of Potsdam on November 8, 1685, and Dutch settlers (Flemings) to the poor and devastated country.
The lords of those von Bredow zu Friesack, Klessen and Görne ruled Wutzetz from 1491 to 1872. In 1661 General Sergeant Albrecht Christoph von Quast (* March 10, 1613 in Leddin ; † May 17, 1669) acquired the second half of Wutzetz and until 1872 it remained in the rule of those of Quast zu Garz and Vichel . As a result, those von Bredow only owned ½ court patronage as well as a manor, eight farmers , a kossät and half a pitcher .
19th century
At the turn of the century, there were 22 fire pits and 17 full kosses in Wutzetz, two half kosses and seven grottoes without hoofs were cultivating the surrounding fields.
| In 1827 Wutzetzer farmers sued the Count von Bredow auf Wagenitz for the provision of repair wood for their homesteads. At that time, when the village of Wutzetz was sold in 1431, the seller - a Herr von Wuthenow on Segeletz - and the buyer - the Count von Bredow - stipulated the free delivery of timber for repair purposes in the purchase contract. Unfortunately, the Wutzetzer could not prove that, as the files on the sale could not be presented. And so the lawsuit was dismissed. |
In 1840 Wutzetz consisted of two manors without farmsteads and 32 residential houses.
In 1842 the construction of the Berlin-Hamburger Strasse of today's Bundesstrasse 5 began, although this leads past Wutzetz, it improved the connection to Friesack and Wusterhausen / Dosse , as well as Neustadt (Dosse) . In 1844 the first single-track construction of the Berlin-Hamburg railway began , which also does not touch the place. Nevertheless, it drew workers to Wutzetz, who found accommodation in numerous newly built small houses.
With the construction of a road house , an inn and two railwayman's houses in 1860, the expansion of the village continued.
In the icy winter of 1888, 28 buildings in Wutzetz were destroyed after a fire on the night of November 5th to 6th; arson was suspected, but the real cause has never been clarified. The surrounding villages came to the rescue with 24 fire engines, but the Wutzetzer and their helpers were unable to fight the fire effectively. The frost was an ally of the fire that night as even the water in the syringes froze. The help of the neighboring villages went beyond the night of the 5th to the 6th, clothing and food were collected and parts of the Wutzetzers were placed under cattle. In the subsequent winter months of 1888/1889, the clean-up and reconstruction work began. The courtyards were - in order to achieve a greater distance between the buildings - moved back and thus enlarged, the buildings were built new, massive and with tiled roofs. This reconstruction, based on a development plan drawn up by the head of the office from Segeletz, still shapes the view of the village today .
In 1891 there were 9 farmers in Wutzetz including the Schulzen - these cultivated areas between 40 and 50 ha , a farm owner (24 ha), a miller (13 ha), a pensioner and an old owner.
20th century until today
In 1928 the municipality of Wutzetz became the municipality of Wutzetz-Damm through the merger with Damm I and Damm II.
In 1944 the Wutzetz operating area of 1,705.67 hectares was made up as follows:
- 816.3 hectares of arable land
- 11.61 hectares of gardens
- 283.63 hectares of meadow
- 218.63 hectares of pasture
- 228.93 hectares of forest
- 6.03 hectares of wasteland and uncultivated land
- 140.52 hectares of other land
During the 1946 land reform, 509 hectares of usable agricultural area were divided among 82 new settlers.
| In 1953 the municipal council decided the application:
“As a result of the transfer of the municipality of Wutzetz-Damm to the district of Kyritz, the traffic and economic disadvantages have been unfavorably expressed to such an extent that the municipality and its inhabitants can no longer be expected to remain in the district of Kyritz. The transfer of the municipality of Wutzetz-Damm from the Kyritz district to the Nauen district is therefore requested. ”At the beginning of 1956, this transfer took place. |
In the meantime, the municipality of Wutzetz emerged from the municipality of Wutzetz-Damm, as the district of Damm was incorporated into the municipality of Zootzen .
Oil exploration: At the beginning of the 1960s, unsuccessfully drilling for oil on the Mesche and in the Wutzetz forest.
The restructuring of agriculture in Wutzetz came to an end for the time being in 1957 with the establishment of the LPG “Roter Oktober” (Type III) and the LPG “Märkische Heide” (Type I), which in 1967 joined the LPG “Roter Oktober”. In the mid-1970s, the LPG was reorganized and LPG plant production Friesack, Vietznitz, Wutzetz was established in 1978. In the snowy and cold winter of 1979, Wutzetz was snowed in, supplying the residents with food was difficult and was done by horse-drawn sleigh. Only the children enjoyed the snow, because without a school bus there would be no school and since the snow plow could no longer clear the road, there was no school bus.
Today after the end of the "LPG" era , agriculture is mainly used for the benefit of equestrian sport practiced close to nature and horse breeding, such as the breeding of Shagya Arabs at the Shagya Arabian Stud Eichenhof.
Prisoners of war in Wutzetz
A dark chapter in the history of Wutzetz from 1943 to 1945 was almost forgotten. There was a prisoner-of-war camp here for officers ( Oflag 8 ).
With the beginning of the Second World War in 1939, the RAD's labor camp became a prison camp for Polish and later for Russian and Ukrainian prisoners of war until 1943, which resulted in Oflag 8.
There were prisoners of war in Wutzetz as early as the First World War .
| The teacher Zelzer also reports in the school chronicle about prisoners of the First World War in Wutzetz. At the request of the community, prisoners of war came to the village for rural work in February and March 1916. First 8 Russians and then 9 French, in the last summer of the war 3 British, including 2 Boers from Cape Country . The prisoners of war were housed together in the hall of Mrs. Knoop's inn, from there they went to work with the individual owners every morning and in the evening they returned to the “barracks” (camp), as they called it. Here they were guarded by a troop man. In the hall, the prisoners lived agreeably and comfortably in the non-working hours and on Sundays together. All of the prisoners were hardworking workers and were modest in their demeanor and always decent and polite. The prisoners received 30 pfennigs daily as wages and after the armistice in 1918 1.25 marks. The employer received 60 pfennings / day from the state as boarding allowance. The employers had to bear the rent of the hall. At the end of the war, the English left the village first, and the French shortly before Christmas. That the prisoners were satisfied with their treatment can be seen from letters that they sent to the local employers after their departure, in which they expressed their thanks for the good reception and treatment. The Russians could not return home until 1919. |
Demographic development
The place had a total of 162 inhabitants in 2001. Wutzetz had the lowest number of inhabitants on December 31, 1994 with 149 inhabitants compared to 723 inhabitants (including many refugees) on October 21, 1946 and 403 inhabitants on June 16, 1925.
- 1786 - 156 inhabitants
- 1800 - 191 inhabitants
- 1895 - 289 inhabitants
- 1964 - 201 inhabitants
- 1995 - 154 inhabitants
The church
The center of the foundation of the village of Wutzetz is the village church built from half-timbered and clay as a simple single-nave hall church without a tower. At the time the village was founded, every village, no matter how small, had a church. Wutzetz, as a small and poor village, could only afford a small, low church with a bell on a separate belfry in front of the church. In Riedel's Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis from 1847 (Volume 7, Pages 285/286), Wutzetz is described as a poor branch of Nackel. Wutzetz was never a parish village , but a typical church village in which the pastor von Nackel held a service every fortnight. With the abolition of the pastoral position in Nackel in 1975, Wutzetz belongs to the parish district of Friesack / Nauen-Rathenow parish .
From 1680 to 1698, after the Wutzetz burned down in the Thirty Years' War , the church was probably rebuilt, as there are two pewter license plate lights from this period. In 1751 the patrons donated a bell to the church. The patronage was exercised by those of Bredow and from 1661 on each ½ of those of Bredow and those of Quast . Around 1830 today's church building was built from unplastered half-timbering with high rectangular windows as a new building, which in 1882 received a tower as an extension and space for the bell. The heavy iron tower cross had to be removed in April 1918 and replaced by a simple weather vane, as it was pushed over to the east side during a hurricane in November 1917.
In 1964, due to rainwater damage to the wood, the entire spire was removed and replaced with a flat roof with a simple wooden cross. The interior furnishings such as the pulpit altar, the church seats for the cartridge and the memorial plaque for the fallen in 1813, 1864 and 1870/71 fell victim to the wood worm and had to be removed. Since then, a simple solid altar table with a cross hanging from the ceiling and a wooden ambo as a pulpit gave the interior of the church a sober appearance.
"- the third oldest half-timbered church in Brandenburg - In 1992, the church had to be closed due to disrepair, the service has since been in the fire service space held." In 1994 the church by external renovation began with the receipt, funded by the regional savings bank - as a sign next to the entrance which shows churches.
In 1541 the parish consisted of a sexton and 44 communicants . The teacher exercised the office of sexton. Thus, the teacher was responsible for ringing the bell, which, according to the custom at the time, took place in the morning at 6 a.m., at noon at 12 p.m. and in the evening at 6 p.m., at the beginning of the service and in case of danger (fire, war). In this case, however, the teacher usually received support from the older students, who took over the ringing of the bells. The teacher also led the children's choir, which the Wutzetzer did not want to do without. The sextonry included some parcels of land, enough land to keep a cow, pigs and poultry. The salary of the sexton was low (1903 - 230 marks per year). The cleaning of the church was the job of the night watchman.
literature
- Kreil, Beckmann, Frost: Friesack administrative area - forays through Ländchen and Luch . Geiger-Verlag, 1996, ISBN 978-3-89570-131-3
- Theodor Fontane : Walks through the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 1 ( Die Grafschaft Ruppin )
- Yearbook of the German Archaeological Institute , Volume 46, 1931
- Leopold Zedlitz-Neukirch : New Prussian Nobility Lexicon . Reichenbach brothers, Leipzig 1836
Web links
- Shagya Arabian Stud Eichenhof
- Wutzetz from the air
- Wutzetz in the RBB program "Landschleicher" on December 4, 2005
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official Journal for Brandenburg, Number 20, Volume 13, May 15, 2002 (PDF; 1.0 MB) p. 519
- ↑ a b Kreil: District Friesack - Forays through Ländchen and Luch . Geiger-Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-89570-131-9 , p. 46
- ↑ Anzeiger des Germanic National Museum . Germanisches Nationalmuseum (Nuremberg), 1986, p. 100
- ^ Kreil: Friesack district - forays through Ländchen and Luch . Geiger-Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-89570-131-9 , p. 48
- ^ Kreil: Friesack district - forays through Ländchen and Luch . Geiger-Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-89570-131-9 , p. 51
- ↑ Sven Leist: The "Oflag 8" - A prisoner of war camp in Wutzetz . (PDF; 30 kB) In: Friesacker Quitzow-Kurier . Moosburg Online. Letter from prisoner of war Wladyslaw Koslowski to his mother
- ^ Kreil: Friesack district - forays through Ländchen and Luch . Geiger-Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-89570-131-9 , p. 57
- ↑ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics (LDS) - Contribution to statistics - Historical community directory of the State of Brandenburg from 1875 to 2005 - Havelland district from December 2006
- ^ Kreil: Friesack district - forays through Ländchen and Luch . Geiger-Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-89570-131-9 , p. 53
Residential places: At the train station | At the Rhinkanal | At the sheepfold | Briesen | Briesener Zootzen | Dam | Fliederhorst | Friesacker Zootzen | Karolinenhof | Klessener Zootzen | Wutzetzer mill