Canton of Jübar

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Canton Jübar ( III.12 ) in the Salzwedel district of the Elbe department

The Canton Jübar (also Canton Jübar ) was an administrative unit of the Kingdom of Westphalia . It was created in November 1808 by the union of the cantons Brome and Klötze (excluding some communities, e.g. Brome and Klötze) and existed until the Kingdom of Westphalia was dissolved in October 1813. According to the administrative structure of the kingdom, it belonged to the district Salzwedel of the Elbe department . The canton capital ( chef-lieu ) was Jübar in the Altmark district of Salzwedel (Saxony-Anhalt).

history

With a decree of August 18, 1807, Emperor Napoleon brought the Kingdom of Westphalia into being. It essentially consisted of the (then former) Electorate of Hesse and Prussian areas. In 1807, in the Peace of Tilsit, Prussia had to cede the Altmark and the Duchy of Magdeburg along with other parts of the country , which were added to the new kingdom. The first and only King Hieronymus Napoleon ( Jérôme Bonaparte ), brother of Napoleon, did not receive full sovereignty over his kingdom until December 1, 1807. The department of the Elbe was formed from the Altmark, the Calvörde office of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and some areas ceded by the Kingdom of Saxony , which was divided into four districts ( Magdeburg , Neuhaldensleben , Stendal and Salzwedel).

The canton of Jübar was created in November 1808 through the unification of the cantons of Brome and Klötze (excluding some communities, e.g. Brome and Klötze, which belonged to the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg) and existed until the dissolution of the Kingdom of Westphalia in October 1813 There are two somewhat different versions of the decree issued by the union of the cantons of Brome and Klötze. The volume number of the first and second version also differ. Some of the place names are very written (original spellings in italics):

According to the map from 1812, the canton of Jübar also included: Breitenfeld , Bruchau or Schwertel (no longer exists, location:) , Döllnitz (forester's house, location:) , Dönitz , Kusey , Lockstedt , Pansau , Röwitz and Wendischbrome ( Wendisch-Brohme ). World iconWorld icon

The Prussian places belonged to the Salzwedelische Kreis der Altmark until 1806 , and the office of Klötze to the Electorate of Hanover. However, the office of Klötze was occupied by Prussian troops as early as 1806. On April 1, 1806, Prussia formally annexed the Electorate of Hanover. The territorial gain was short-lived, however, because in October 1806 the Prussians lost the battles of Jena and Auerstedt and the areas of the Electorate of Hanover came under French administration in November 1806. In 1807 Prussia had to cede the Altmark (and other areas) to the Kingdom of Westphalia in the Peace of Tilsit and at the same time the areas of the former office of Klötze were incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia. The canton of Klötze was formed from the Altmark communities and parts of the office of Klötze (Klötze with Breitenfeld). In November 1808 the incorporation of the office of Klötze as well as of Brome and Altendorf was reversed.

In the second edition of the legal text of 1810, the listing and z. Sometimes the spelling of the places has also been changed. Neustall is now part of the Nettgau community, whereas Mellin is now a community with Neumühle and Heydau. Wendischbrome is also listed under the municipality of Böckwitz. The text also contains an additional passage after which the community of Neuendorf together with Brüchau and Siedentramm, from the former Canton Clötze, ... was united with the Canton of Zichtau . The place named for the canton Brome Brome was assigned to the canton Wittingen .

In 1810 the Kingdom of Westphalia annexed the former Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , also known as the Electorate of Hanover. From these areas three new departments were formed, the department of the Nieder-Elbe, the northern department (later called the department of the Elbe and Weser estuaries ) and the department of the Aller . The Salzwedel district of the Elbe department was formally dissolved. At the same time, a new Salzwedel district was formed in the Nieder-Elbe department. The new district of Salzwedel received eight cantons from the dissolved district of Salzwedel in the Elbe department (Canton Jübar, Canton Kalbe , Canton Groß Apenburg , Canton Betzendorf , Canton Diesdorf , Stadtkanton Salzwedel , Landkanton Salzwedel and Canton Arendsee ) and five new ones from areas of the Electorate Braunschweig-Lüneburg formed cantons: Quickborn , Lüchow , Gartow , Wittingen and Wustrow . The office of Klötze came to the canton of Jübar, Trippigleben to the canton of Mieste . Brome was assigned to the new canton of Wittingen .

As early as March 1811, the Kingdom of Westphalia had to cede large parts of the Nieder-Elbe department to the French Empire ; from them the Hanseatic departments were formed. The Nieder-Elbe department was dissolved. The Salzwedel district, which remained with the Kingdom of Westphalia, was (again) connected to the Elbe department.

According to the work Statistical Repertory on the Kingdom of Westphalia by Johann Georg Heinrich Hassel, the canton of Jübar had an area of ​​7.16 square miles in 1811 and had 6178 inhabitants. According to Friedrich Justin Bertuch, the canton had 6,349 inhabitants in 1811. Maire of the Canton Jübar was a Mr. Lodemann.

After the defeat of Napoleon and the allied Kingdom of Westphalia in the Battle of Leipzig in October 1813, the Kingdom of Westphalia dissolved in October / November 1813. The area came back to Prussia and to the successor state of the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, the Kingdom of Hanover. From 1814, the previous administrative structure (Office Klötze) was initially restored. On January 1, 1816, Hanover and Prussia agreed on an exchange of territory, the office of Klötze fell to Prussia.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Special atlas of the Kingdom of Westphalia: consisting of eight departmental and one general chart: 7: Chart of the department of the Elbe of the Kingdom of Westphalia: designed and published by the highest royal orders. Publishing house of the geographical institute, Weimar 1812 UrMEL Thuringian University and State Library
  2. ↑ Royal Decree of December 7th, 1807, which decrees the publication of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Westphalia. Constitution of November 15, 1807. Bulletin des lois du Royaume de Westphalie, Volume 1, pp. 57–241, Cassel / Kassel 1810. Online at Google Books, p. 9.
  3. ↑ (No. 150) Royal Decree of November 18th. 1808, as a result of which the two cantons Brohme and Clötze, in the Elbe department, form a canton under the name Canton Jübar. Bulletin des lois du Royaume de Westphalie, Volume 3, p. 501, Cassel / Kassel 1809 full text at Google Books , p. 501.
  4. ↑ Nro. 69. Royal Decree, by which a canton under the name, Canton Jübars, is formed from the two cantons Brohme and Clötze, in the Elbe department. November 18, 1808. Bulletin des Lois et Décrets du Royaume de Westphalie, seconde édition officielle, Volume 2, pp. 829–831, Cassel / Kassel 1810 full text on Google Books .
  5. ^ Décret royal du 19 July 1810. The date of the composition of the trois départements formés des anciennes provinces hanovriennes, et la réunion de quelques autres parties. In: Bulletin des lois du Royaume de Westphalie, Volume 6, 354–363, Cassel / Kassel, 1810 Online at Google Books , p. 357.
  6. ^ Johann Georg Heinrich Hassel: Statistical Repertory on the Kingdom of Westphalia. Friedrich Vieweg, Braunschweig 1813, online at Google Books , p. 9.
  7. ^ Friedrich Justin Bertuch: Statistical inventory of the Kingdom of Westphalia according to the latest Paris Tractate v. May 10, 1811. General geographical ephemeris, Volume 36, 1-62, Verlag des Landes-Industrie-Comtoirs, Weimar, 1811, online at Google Books , pp. 24f.
  8. ^ Court and State Handbook of the Kingdom of Westphalia. 352 + register X pages, Gebrüder Hahn, Hannover 1811 Online at Google Books (p. 157)
  9. ↑ Königlich Westphälischer Hof- und Staats-Kalender to the year 1812. 462 S., Königliche Buchdruckerei, Cassel / Kassel 1812 Online at archive.org (S. 216/17).

Coordinates: 52 ° 41 ′  N , 10 ° 54 ′  E