Dobrzyń nad Wisłą
| Dobrzyń nad Wisłą | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Kuyavian Pomeranian | ||
| Powiat : | Lipnowski | ||
| Gmina : | Dobrzyń nad Wisłą | ||
| Area : | 5.49 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 38 ′ N , 19 ° 19 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 85 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 2221 (December 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 87-610 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 54 | ||
| License plate : | CLI | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Bydgoszcz | ||
Dobrzyń nad Wisłą ( German Dobrin , 1939–1945 Dobrin on the Vistula ) is a town in the south of the Powiat Lipnowski district of the Polish Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with around 7800 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The city is located in Kujawia on the north bank of the Jezioro Włocławskie , which is traversed by the Vistula , about twenty kilometers east of Włocławek (Leslau) and 60 kilometers southeast of Toruń (Thorn) .
history
The first written mention of the village (as Dobrin ) comes from 1065 . The city rights were granted in the early 13th century. In the 13th century and at the beginning of the 14th century Dobrin was the capital of a principality .
In 1228, Duke Konrad von Masowien bequeathed Dobrin Castle to the Teutonic Order with all the lands belonging to it between Camniz and Colmeniz . In the same year the castle was occupied by the Fratres Milites Christi order of knights , who should help to protect the Dobrin area from attacks by pagan neighboring peoples. This order of Dobrin was incorporated into the Teutonic Order in 1234 . Before 1237, the castle was destroyed by the Russian Prince Daniel of Galicia and then temporarily came into Polish possession. In 1328 the Poles had to return Dobrin Castle to the Teutonic Order. In July 1343, the Polish King Casimir the Great received the Dobriner Land and Kujawien from the Order in the Peace of Kalisch and in return promised to make no more claims to Pomeranian , Kulmerland and Michelau Land in the future . In 1409 Dobrin Castle was destroyed by the Teutonic Order. For the expedition against Dobrin in 1409, the order had gathered an army from its cities and fortresses, the city of Elbing alone had to provide a contingent of 216 armed men, an unusually high number. Today, an iron cross commemorates the battle for the castle . In 1431 the knights of the order roamed the Dobriner Land and Kujawien and caused great damage.
Jews have settled in the city since 1765, at times they made up a third of the city's population. Most of them emigrated to the United States by 1900 .
From 1939 to 1945 the place belonged to the German Empire and was part of the district of Leipe (Westpr.) , Reichsgau West Prussia - later Danzig-West Prussia ( administrative district Marienwerder ).
economy
There is a shoe factory and a slaughterhouse in the city .
structure
The town and 24 villages with school boards belong to the town and country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Dobrzyń nad Wisłą.
sons and daughters of the town
- Marian Albertowitsch Kowalski (1821–1884), Polish-Russian astronomer
- Casimiro Kowalkowski de Kowalki (unknown – 1697), Magistrate of Dobrzyn, paladin, castellan, senator and royal official of John III. Sobieski.
Web links
- City website (Polish)
- The history of the castle in Dobrin (Polish)
- Dobrin District (Rolf Jehke, 2005)
Footnotes
- ↑ Conradus Dux Masoviae gives the German Order the Dobrin Castle with the land belonging to it between the Camniz and Colmeniz as far as Prussia (1228). In: Friedrich von Dreger : Codex Pomeraniae diplomaticus. I. Volume up to the year 1269 including Haude and Spener, Berlin 1768, p. 129130, no. LXXII.
- ^ Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Hasselbach , Johann Gottfried Ludwig Kosegarten and Friedrich von Medem : Codex Pomeraniae Diplomaticus . Volume 1, Greifswald 1843, pp. 556-558.
- ^ Max Toeppen : History of Masuria . Danzig 1870, p. 13.
- ↑ a b Martin Zeiller : New description of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . Kühnen, Ulm 1647, p. 107.
- ↑ a b c Theatrum cosmographico-historicum . Volume 4, Koppmayer, Augsburg 1686, p. 42.
- ^ Gotthold Rhode : Brief history of Poland . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1965, p. 71.
- ↑ Max Toeppen : Elbinger antiques. A contribution to the history of urban life in the Middle Ages . First issue, Danzig, 1871, p 98. .
- ↑ Historia - Społeczność żydowska przed 1989 - Dobrzyń nad Wisłą - Wirtualny Sztetl. In: sztetl.org.pl. Retrieved March 15, 2017 (English).
- ^ Julian H. Preisler: The Jewish Community of Dobrzyn nad Wisla, Poland. In: jpreisler.com. Retrieved March 15, 2017 (English).