Dodo (II.) To Innhausen and Knyphausen

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Dodo (II.) Freiherr zu Innhausen und Knyphausen , also Dodo von Knyphausen (born March 30, 1641 in Farmsum (near Delfzijl am Dollart , Netherlands ); † September 13, 1698 in Berlin ), was a Brandenburg-Prussian statesman.

Life

Dodo (II.) Was a descendant of the East Frisian noble family Innhausen and Knyphausen. His grandfather Dodo zu Innhausen and Knyphausen (1583–1636) was an important general in the service of the Swedes . His father Enno Adam zu Innhausen and Knyphausen (1611–1654) was also a Swedish colonel, his mother was Occa Johanna Freiin von Ripperda . After studying in Leiden and Vienna , Knyphausen entered the service of the East Frisian court in Aurich in 1672 (chairman since 1678). In 1677 he won the rule of Lützburg ( Lütetsburg ) in an inheritance dispute , where he renovated the castle and had the Reformed Bargebur Church built - also for the Reformed in the nearby town of Norden . Because this violated the privileges of the Northern Lutherans , the church could not be consecrated until 1684 under the protection of the Prussian troops stationed in East Frisia.

Dodo zu Innhausen und Knyphausen had meanwhile entered the service of the Brandenburg-Prussian Elector Friedrich Wilhelm himself . In April 1683 he took over the management of the chamber system as a privy councilor, in October he was appointed to the real secret budget council, to which the entire administration of the state domains was subordinate. Soon he was able to significantly increase the state's income and was appointed President of the Court Chamber in September 1687. One of his goals was the standardization of the domain system in the still loosely connected state. On the basis of his suggestions, Elector Friedrich III. 1689 the Collegium of the Secret Court Chamber , a first step towards the administrative reforms that promoted Prussia's rise. In the course of the overthrow of the leading minister Eberhard von Danckelman , however, Dodo zu Innhausen and Knyphausen was also released in 1698 and sentenced to a fine. He died shortly afterwards.

Knyphausen had already accepted the persecuted mystic Antoinette Bourignon in Lütetsburg in 1677 . He later used his influence to protect representatives of radical Pietism such as Johann Wilhelm and Johanna Eleonora Petersen or Johann Salomon Hattenbach . He was a member of the Jane Leades Philadelphian Society .

Work in coin administration

On September 24, 1684, Dodo zu Innhausen and Knyphausen took over the state's mint administration. His goal was to create a new mint, which was supposed to replace the previous contract between Zinna and Kursachsen and Braunschweig-Lüneburg from 1667. The hedge mints should be combated consistently to stem the flood of inferior money. The coin base had to be renegotiated due to increased silver prices.

After an agreement initially failed in 1687, he only had new two-thirds and thirds thalers minted in a 12-thaler coin base in Brandenburg. These new coins were accepted as the best money by merchants, especially during the trade fairs in Leipzig and Braunschweig. On January 16, 1690, in Leipzig, he signed a contract with the Electorate of Saxony and Braunschweig-Lüneburg on the introduction of the Leipziger Münzfußes , a 12-Taler-Münzfuß or 18 Gulden-Münzfuß. After that, two-thirds, thirds and sixths of thaler were particularly pronounced. This coin operated quickly became popular. The two-thirds thaler remained the determining currency coin until 1740. In 1738 this 14 thaler coin became the new imperial coin.

Under the direction of Dodo zu Innhausen and Knyphausen, numerous hedge mints in Brandenburg, Electoral Saxony and Thuringia were destroyed. He also found support from the emperor. The period of hedge minting, which began in 1676, was ended in 1690.

family

He was married to Freiin Hedwig Orianna von Frydag (born January 24, 1648, † December 5, 1694). The couple had the following children:

  • Franz Ferdinand (February 1, 1673 - August 30, 1725) ∞ Sophie Luise von Tettau (daughter of Johann Georg von Tettau )
  • Karl Christian (born February 1, 1673; 1695)
  • Johanna Elisabeth (* 1675; † February 13, 1702) ∞ Christoph Heinrich von Galen
  • Wilhelm (1676–1695)
  • Enno Adam (1677-1682)
  • Friedrich Ernst (1678–1731) ∞ Charlotte von Ilgen (1702–1751), daughter of Heinrich Rüdiger von Ilgen
  • Haro Moritz (* +1679)
  • Juliane Cölestine (1681–1684)

literature

  • Siegfried Isaacsohn :  Knyphausen, Dodo Freiherr von (Brandenburg statesman) . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 16, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1882, pp. 339-341.
  • Walter Deeters :  Knyphausen to Innhausen and, Dodo Freiherr. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 234 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Once Emden - Berlin and back in the spring of 1683. The trip of Baron Dodo II to Innhausen and Knyphausen on Lütetsburg in East Friesland as President of the East Frisian Estates in the spring of 1683 to Berlin to the court of Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg, reported by an unnamed companion , translated from French and commented on by Ingeborg Nöldeke. Westkreuz-Verlag, Berlin 1989 (= writings of the association for the history of Berlin, issue 64, 1989).
  • Walter Deeters: Dodo Freiherr zu Innhausen and Knyphausen . In: Martin Tielke (Hrsg.): Biographisches Lexikon für Ostfriesland . Volume 1. Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebsgesellschaft, Aurich 1993, ISBN 3-925365-75-3 , pp. 199-200 ( online ).
  • Wilhelm Treue : One woman, three men and an artificial figure: Baroque résumés . Beck, Munich 1992, ISBN 3406359426 .
  • Peter Bahl : The court of the great elector . Böhlau, Cologne 2001, ISBN 978-3-412-08300-7 , pp. 520f.
  • Markus Matthias: "Prussian" civil servants with radical pietistic "private religion": Dodo II of Innhausen and Knyphausen (1641–1698) . In: Wolfgang Breul , Marcus Meier, Lothar Vogel (eds.): The Radical Pietism - Perspektiven der Forschung (= AGP, 55). Göttingen 2010, pp. 189-209.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mirjam de Baar: "Ik moet spreken". Het spiritueel Leiderschap van Antoinette Bourignon (1616–1680) . Zutphen 2004, pp. 335–337.
  2. ↑ Friedrich Freiherr von Schrötter: The coinage of Brandenburg during the validity of the coinage rate of Zinna and Leipzig. In: Hohenzollernjahrbuch 11 (1907), pp. 63-74, URL: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:109-opus-1873
personal data
SURNAME Innhausen and Knyphausen, Dodo II. To
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Innhausen and Knyphausen, Dodo II Baron too; Knyphausen, Dodo Freiherr von; Innhausen and Knyphausen, Dodo II. Baron von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brandenburg-Prussian statesman
DATE OF BIRTH March 30, 1641
PLACE OF BIRTH Farmsum
DATE OF DEATH September 13, 1698
Place of death Berlin