Dominican Bastion
| Dominican Bastion | |
|---|---|
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| Basic data | |
| place | Vienna |
| District | Inner city |
| Created | 1862 |
| Connecting roads | Room bastion |
| Cross streets | Predigergasse, Falkestrasse , Barbaragasse , Rosenbursenstrasse, Wiesingerstrasse, Auwinkel , Franz-Josefs-Kai |
| Places | Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Platz |
| Buildings | Dominican monastery , Vienna Post Savings Bank |
| use | |
| User groups | Car traffic , bicycle traffic , pedestrians |
| Road design | one way street |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | approx. 375 meters |
The Dominican Bastion was part of the Vienna city wall as a fortification ( bastion and curtain wall) . Today, a body set up in its place on the 1st Street bears the Vienna district of Inner City name.
Fortress construction
The former bastion was located in place of today's parcels at Biberstrasse 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 and the roadway in between. It was built in earthworks in 1531 and walled in 1544–1545. Various names have been passed down for it: originally it was called the bastion by the preachers (meaning the Dominican Convent ), 1546 and 1565 Stadtbastei , 1577 and 1596 Bürgerbastei (because it was built at the expense of the Viennese citizens), 1674 and 1770 Hollerstaudenbastei (possibly after a house sign) and since 1786 Dominican Bastion . The bastion was elevated with a cat that had already been removed in 1847. In 1854–1857 the bastion itself had to give way and was replaced by the Franz-Josefs-Kaserne .
Besides the bastion itself, the curtain between it and the beaver bastion was also called the Dominican Bastion. This was created in 1561 and was reinforced in 1597. It used to have a different name, too, namely Laurenzerbastei . The main toll gate, or toll gate for short, has passed through the curtain wall since 1770. The curtain wall was demolished after the bastion itself, namely 1858–1862.
History of the road
After the curtain wall was demolished, a street was opened in its place and part of the parlor bastion was opened in 1862. The street side with even house numbers initially consisted of the Franz-Josefs-Kaserne and was only built with houses in 1901 after it was demolished. After some remains of the curtain wall were leveled in 1968, today only a ramp reminds us that the city wall was once located here.
Location and characteristics
The Dominican Bastion runs from Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Platz to the rear of the Dominican Church and Dominican Convent, with a slight bend in a northerly direction to Franz-Josefs-Kai . It is run as a one-way street , as half the lane is occupied by inclined parking spaces on both sides. A marked cycle lane enables one-way driving in the opposite direction. Public transport does not use the Dominican Bastion.
In the area of the Dominican monastery, a ramp rises next to the actual roadway, which leads to the elevated streets of Predigergasse and Barbaragasse . In the direction of Franz-Josefs-Kai, the terrain slopes significantly, so that the course of the road to the Dominican Bastion shows a clear difference in level.
The construction of the street on the inside of the city, with the exception of the lowest part towards Franz-Josefs-Kai, consists of early historical buildings from the mid-19th century, while on the outside of the city there are late historical and secessionist buildings from around 1900 and after. Large parts of the street are lined by the backs of large monumental buildings, namely the Dominican monastery, the main post office building and the Austrian Post Office Savings Bank . This fact and the large number of parked cars make the Dominican Bastion not very attractive for pedestrians. The other buildings are residential buildings that also house a few shops and several restaurants.
building
No. 1: Dominican monastery
→ see main article Dominican Convention (Vienna)
The rear facades of the Dominican monastery and the Dominican church are raised on a ramp and set back a little, therefore not very clearly visible from the street . They extend to Predigergasse, are built in the early Baroque style and are located at the main address Postgasse 4.
No. 2: Former Post and Telegraph Directorate Vienna
The mighty building between Biberstrasse, Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Platz and Dominikanerbastei was built in the late historic style in 1902–1903 by Leopold Simony . The influence of Otto Wagner on the design of the facade is obvious. The building is at the main address Dr.-Karl-Lueger-Platz 5.
No. 3, 5: rental houses
The apartment buildings on the corner of Predigergasse, raised on a ramp, were built in 1856 by Leopold Mayr as a cohesive building complex in the early historic style. They are at the main address Predigergasse 5.
No. 4: House
The late historical-secessionist house was built in 1903–1904 by Ernst Gotthilf . Its facade is structured by pilaster strips , shows a protruding entablature and is closed off by an attic floor. The side projection is crowned by a bezel . The wrought iron gate is dated 1904. The foyer is clad in marble and shows a secessionist stucco. The staircase railings and windows are also designed in Art Nouveau style.
No. 6: corner house
The late historic corner house on Falkestrasse was built in 1906 by Theodor Bach . Its facade is structured on the upper floors by convex bay windows and wall panels and is adorned with late-historic decor. Inside, the marble-clad foyer with stuccolustro applications, the flight of stairs with marble pillars and marble parapets and the ceiling lights are remarkable.
No. 7: corner house
Raised on a ramp and on the corner of Barbaragasse is the rear of an early historic house, which was built in 1852 by Eduard van der Nüll and August Sicard von Sicardsburg . Johannes Brahms lived there in 1867 . It is at the main address Postgasse 6.
No. 8: corner house
The late historic corner house on Falkestrasse was built in 1907 by Felix Sauer. It is at the main address Falkestrasse 1.
No. 9–15: Main Post Office
Since 1423 there was a Burse at this point , which was called Burse zur Rote Rose in 1470 and Rosenburse since 1507 (the university was in the immediate vicinity). In 1623 it became the property of the Jesuits, who set up a Barbara chapel there in 1654. After the abolition of the order, Maria Theresa gave the church and the adjoining building to the Greek Catholic Church in 1775 . The seminar called barbarism was intended to train the Greek Catholic clergy in the Habsburg Empire. As early as 1784 the seminary was abolished and a parish was established. From 1849–1854, the main toll building, located north of the church and built in 1767–1773, was combined with the church and the Barbarastift by Paul Wilhelm Eduard Sprenger to form a large contiguous building complex for the main post office. The original buildings were largely preserved up to the 2nd floor, but Sprenger standardized the facades in the early historic style. The formerly baroque church was also redesigned and a Greek-Catholic central seminar was set up. The building is at the main address Postgasse 8-10.
No. 10: House
The house was built in 1907 by Anton Hein in the secessionist style. The grooved facade is structured by pilaster strips and balconies and adorned with Art Nouveau decor. There are two attic gables on the roof. Inside, the secessionist foyer with its renewed marble cladding, coffered stucco ceiling and ceiling lights should be mentioned. The elevator shows etched glass decorations. A plaque reminds us that Alfred Adler lived and worked in this house .
No. 12: corner house
The corner house on Rosenbursengasse was built in 1905 by Julius Goldschläger in a late historical style. It is at the main address Rosenbursengasse 2.
No. 14-18: Postal Savings Bank
→ see main article Wiener Postsparkasse
The rear of the Post Office Savings Bank building is located at the Dominican Bastion. It was built by Otto Wagner between 1904 and 1906 and is one of the most important Art Nouveau buildings in Vienna. It is at the main address Georg-Coch-Platz 2.
No. 17: corner house
The historicist corner house at Auwinkel was built in 1899 by Ludwig A. Fuchsik in neo-Renaissance forms . The facade with a high base zone shows pilasters on the upper floors and a central balcony with a figuratively decorated aedicula . On both sides of the attic there are gable tops. Inside, the foyer with its stucco ornaments is remarkable.
No. 19: House
The house was built by Ludwig Tischler in the historicist style in 1897–1898 . The simple facade is structured by pilaster strips and adorned with stucco friezes. The windows are framed by pilasters. The foyer is stuccoed and structured by pilasters.
No. 20: corner house
The corner house on Wiesingerstraße was built in 1904 by Julius Goldschläger in the late historical style. Together with house number 12, it frames the post office savings bank building. It is at the main address Wiesingerstraße 2.
No. 21: House
The eleven-story house was built by Josef Vytiska between Postgasse, Franz-Josefs-Kai and Dominikanerbastei between 1951 and 1955. It is at the main address Franz-Josefs-Kai 11.
No. 22: House
The house was built in 1906 in the secessionist style by Ely Wasserstrom. The only partially preserved building shows a facade with an attic gable divided by bay windows and balconies. Secessionist stucco can be seen in the foyer.
No. 24: Federal Ministry for National Defense
The large building between Biberstrasse, Franz-Josefs-Kai and Dominikanerbastei was built by Friedrich Schön in the late historical style in 1906–1907 and adapted in 1955 after war damage. It is located at the main address Franz-Josefs-Kai 7–9.
literature
- Richard Perger: streets, towers and bastions. The road network of the Vienna City in its development and its name . Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-7005-4628-9 , pp. 37-38
- Felix Czeike (Ed.): Dominican Bastion. In: Historisches Lexikon Wien . Volume 1, Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-218-00543-4 , p. 56 ( digitized version ).
- Bundesdenkmalamt (Ed.): Dehio-Handbuch Wien. 1st district - Inner City. Verlag Berger, Horn 2003, ISBN 3-85028-366-6 , pp. 665-666
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 39.9 ″ N , 16 ° 22 ′ 48.1 ″ E